55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?
【解析】由题干关键词 “emotionally vulnerable person 定位”到最后一段最后一句，对 “a caring human being的需”
要对应 D 选项 “Human interaction 。”
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a
list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs ( 暗礁 ) perfect for scuba driving ( 水肺式潜泳 ) and preserving marine 26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn
water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today/ Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.
The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin
’ s 31 . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US$100,000,but
and around the plane
they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go,this Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever.
Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what
’天s堂paradise().
Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver
I)intentionally J)investment K)revealing L)stretches M)stripped N)territory O)victim
答案： 26. G 27. M 28. A 29. L 30.C 31.F 32. J 33. O 34. I 35. E 【答案解析】
A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior G) habitats H) innovate
26. 根据空格位置， marine 此处形容词，可判断出 26 题应为名词。 marine 的意思是 “海生的，海运的 ”固定搭配 27. 根据空格位置，词性应该为动词的被动态。本篇文章对
“M”,
A300 持有肯定态度，所以此句想表达
“ A300对”环
“ marine habitat海洋栖”息地。所以本题答案为 “ G” habitat栖息“地 ”。 境没有任何潜在的坏处，故答案应为
“be stripped意of为 “”剥夺 ”。
28. 此题空格前有 “ will 所”以,此处应填动词原形。选项中动词原形有 “ A”和“ H”根,据句意得知，沉没的飞机可
以让人工珊瑚长的更好。所以本题答案为 “A”，create 创“造，产生 ”。 29. 此处应填动词原形，主语为 指 “飞机机身总长为 54 米 ”。
“ plane，”故谓语动词应为单三形式。所以答案是
“ L” ,stretches意为 “延伸 ”，此处
30. 此处应填副词，用来修饰后面的
“ be able to venture 答案应”锁,定在 “ C” eventually和 “ L” intentionally。这句话
的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险。故选项 “C”eventually最终“地 ”，更符合句意。
“F”exterior外部“，表面 ”。
31. 此处应填名词形式，因为空格前为“ plane ’。名s”词选项有 “ F和”“ N”。空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能
够在船舱内冒险，所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险。故答案为
32. 因为空格前为 “ on that 所”以...此处应为名词。本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱，所以他们希望通过
旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报。所以答案为“J”investment投资“ ”。
33. 此处应填名词形式。 空格后的内容为 “严重的致命恐怖袭击 ”，所以空格处应为 victim 受“害者 ”。故答案为 “ O”。
34. 此处应为副词形式。因为副词修饰形容词
“I。”
“ largest。副”词只剩 “ I ” intentionally有目的性地，故意地，修饰后
面 sunk, 所以本题答案为
35. 此题应为 v.-ing 形式，与 and 前的 “ taking a trip underwater 保持并列”。 “ E” exploring和 “ K” revealing都是 v.-ing
形式。根据本句句意， “E”exploring探索“ ”更符合句意。本句话的意思是 “水下旅行和探索沉没的 A300 的内部都会是一场冒险 ”。
Section B
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when
one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with ( 继续处理 ) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] Why should flying deplete us? We
’ re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can
’ t we有be
toughe
复原力的 ) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic, “ tough ” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself
through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery — whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones — is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn ’ t mean we are recovering. We “ stop ” work sometimes at 5
spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we
’ ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of
Norwegians have become workaholics( 工作狂 ). The scientists cite a definition of impairs other important life areas.
”
“ workaholism ” as “ being overly
concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical
company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience
might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his
impaired driving ; he doesn ’ t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower -selfcontrol with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we young’reonly magnify when we hit the workforce.
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more
equires burning energy“try hardin” r
time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to
order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or
writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so t hat when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel
exhausted the next day. That
[J] If you
’ s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
“ Internal recovery refers to the shorter
’ re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As
researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper:
relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or
unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of
work — e.g. in the free time between t he work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations. ” If after work you
around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.
[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by
creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times
you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by
strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.
[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends — not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.
[M] As for us, we ’ ve started using our plane time as a-freeworkzone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The
results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return
to the performance zone.
36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents. 37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is. 38. Adequate rest not only helps one recove r, but also increases one 39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.
40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working. 41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking. 42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.
43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience. 44. People ’ s distorted view about resilience may have developed fromeirthupbringing. 45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be. 答案：
答案： 36.D 37. J 38. L 39. A 40. E 41. K 42. I 43.B 44. G 45. C
’ s work efficiency.
36. 答案： D。题干中 inadequate recovery 替换原文 D 段中的 lack of a recovery 。
37. 答案：J。题干中 relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is 替换原文 J 段中第二句的 the mental or
physical resources required 。
38. 答案： L 。题干中 increases one
amazing work session in flight 。
的 And just because work stops, it doesn technology to control overworking 。
’ s work efficiency替换原文 L 段最后一句中的 raises your productivity
39. 答案：A 。题干中 has a hectic time before taking a flight. 替换原文 A 段第三句中的 Then, when we try to have that 40. 答案： E。题干中 Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working. 替换原文 E 段第一句
’t mean we are recovering。
41. 答案： K 。题干中 technology be used to prevent people from overworking 替换原文 K 段第二句中的 by using
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
42. 答案：I 题干中 rest does not equal recovery 替换原文 I 段中最后一句 That ’ s because rest and recovery are not the same thing。
43. 答案：B 。题干中 problem results from a misunderstanding 替换原文 B 段最后一句中的 the problem comes from
a misconception 。
44. 答案： G 题干中 developed from their upbringing 替换原文 G 段中第一句的 often bred from an early age
45. 答案： C 题干中 People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be. 替换原文 C Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished statements.
段第二句中的 We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be 。
For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding ??.
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One
Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it mi ght be time
?? .. trainingthis summer,— a group
of culture addicts, artists and community organization Governor ’ s Island.
The project is called Writing On it All, and it
? . New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house o
’ s a paprojectticipatory?writing..that has happened on Governor
Island every summer since 2013.
“ Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island
?? tells Smithsonian.com.
? ..to domestic workers . Ea
? .and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art.
? ..,or they just ki
there, ” Alexandra Chasin, artistic director
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by
?? of exile.
theme, and participants are give
? ..vernor
that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one
’ s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for
?? and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay ,is closed to cars but open to
? .own as “ New York
? f
and play, ” the island ,
adventures, as well as these
“ legal涂鸦graffiti()?? notes and art scribbled (涂画 )on the walls are an experiment in
self-?? have ranged in age from 2 to 85.Though Chasin says the focus of
ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.
? .activity of writing, rather than the te
“ One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls,
“ people do be
explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it.
beautiful messages. ”
46. what does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?
A) Unlearn their training in drawing. B) Participate in a state graffiti show.
C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti D) Exhibit their artistic creation in an old house.
47. what do we learn about the participants in the project? A) They are just culture addicts. C)They are writers and artists
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts D)They are mostly passers-by 48. What did the project participants do during the 2016 season?
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind. B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing. D) They were required to cooperate with other creators. 49. What kind of place is Governor
’ s Island?
A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round. 50. What does Chasin say about the project? A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art. C) It has started the career of many creative artists. D) It has created some meaningful artistic works. 【答案】 CDBAD 【解析】
46. 选 C，替换了原文
para1 中的 to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor
Island.
’ s
A ：对原文 1-1 细节信息的改写重组：原文 1-1 中的 learn 被改成 unlearn , 再结合 train 贺 draw 两个原文复现词汇，组合成了该干扰选项。
B：对原文信息的增补，文中未提及这个活动是一场 D ：属于无中生有， artistic creations 未出现过
show。学生易选到该选项是因为受到 2-1participatory 一词
的干扰。
47. 选 D ，由定位词 participants 定位在 3-1， D 选项对原文的 A ，C， B 选项受 1-2 中信息 culture addicts, artists
people who are just walking by 进行了改写
等的干扰?.
48. 选 B ，由定位词 2016season 回到原文 para4, B 答案是对 4-2Each season has a theme , and participants are A : 原文未提及 be free to scribble
C：受到 4-4 中 collaborative 一词的干扰，对原文进行了概念的偷换 D ：“他们被要求与其他创作者协同合作 49. 选 A ，A 是对原文
”符合常识，易被学生搞混
的改写
?.
5-1? is a national historic landmark district long used for
given ? and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art.
B：错在 only to.. 原文 5-4 说明这个岛屿还会对其他对象开放 C：原文细节信息重组， 4-5 与 5-3 重组出的错误信息 D ：无中生有
50. 选 D ，是对 6-3“ people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages的改写 A ：错在 just focused on
原?文.未提及这点
”
B：错在 help expand the influence of Passage Two
这个选项?很符合常识，所以易被选去
C： “它开启了许多创造性艺术家们的事业生涯 ”也是个符合常识的选项，易被选去，但原文未提及这点。
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient cost-saving, a
recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.
The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative
thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have
been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.
A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized ( 随机的 ) control trialwith691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across the England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only
usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药 ).
After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.
“ It ’ s an important, cautionary note that we shouldn ’ t get too carried away with the idea that a computer sys
replace doctors and therapists, Liverpool.
” says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of
“ We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed.
2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版