语法专项提升 专题十一
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Sometimes it might be helpful to use examples to explain abstract concepts. 解析：本句考查的是it作为形式主语，而把真正的主语to use examples to explain abstract concepts放在句末。
2．The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber. 解析：本句考查的是名词性从句中的宾语从句，“特殊疑问词＋ever”既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。本题中的whoever引导的是宾语从句，whoever在句中作主语。
3．We were told that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，but for the week after. I didn't understand why this would happen. 解析：本句是一个宾语从句。名词性从句的连词的选择主要通过上下文的语义实现。根据句意可知此处用why。
4．The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal. 解析：句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他踢进决胜球的时候。本题属于名词性从句中的表语从句。when表示的是时间。
5．Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
解析：句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。本句考查的是“特殊疑问词＋ever”引导的主语从句。“Whatever has happened before or is happening now”是一个主语从句，whatever既引导这个主语从句，也在从句中作主语。
6．Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.
解析：句意：土豆被引进到欧洲的准确时间还不确定，但是大约是在1565年。本题考查的是名词性从句中的主语从句。根据后半句“it was probably around 1565”可知本句谈论的是时间。
7．As John Lennon once said，life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
解析：句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的那样，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离我们远去。本题考查表语从句的引导词。本题中的what happens to you是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语和连词，所以使用what引导这个表语从句，what在句中作主语。
8．It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world. 解析：句意：对我们来说很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子。本题考查的是名词性从句。动词imagine后面含有一个宾语从句，what引导这个宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作为介词like的宾语。
9．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's where I was born.”
解析：句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”本题考查表语从句的引导词。本句中的关键词是the hospital，表示的是地点，故用where引导表语从句。
10．I think what impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 解析：句意：关于他的画，我认为给我留下深刻印象的是他所使用的颜色。本句中的what impresses me是一个主语从句，what既是这个主语从句的引导词，也在句中作主语。
11．“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me. 解析：句意：“每次你吃糖的时候喝杯绿茶”，这是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的事情。本题考查表语从句的引导词。what my mother used to tell me和系动词is构成系表结构，what既是这个从句的引导词，也在从句里充当动词tell的宾语。
12．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah，but I have no idea why he did it; that's one of his favorite universities. 解析：句意：——迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？——是的，我不知道他为什么要这样做。耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之一。答句含有一个同位语从句，是对名词idea的内容进行的说明。短语have no idea后面可以使用多种形式的同位语结构，如have no idea where to go等。根据句意可知使用why表示原因。
13．What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 解析：句意：使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。 此题题干部分is为系动词，the creative imagination of the writer为表语，故is之前为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，故用what。
14．Experts believe that/不填 people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
解析：动词believe之后为宾语从句，从句陈述一个事实，不缺少成分，故使用that表陈述，that也可省略。
15．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
解析：动词tell之后为宾语从句，并可以看出宾语从句部分为感叹句转换而来，描述形容词close用how。
16．It's good to know that/不填 the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
解析：动词know之后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that表陈述一件事实，that也可省略。
17．It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. 解析：题干中it作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。主语从句中不缺少主干成分，“有待观察”的事情应是不确定的事而不是表陈述，应用whether表“是否”。
18. What I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. 解析：主句谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what。
19．Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue. 解析：动词found后所接为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语指事物，故填上代词what。 20．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
解析：belief后所接的从句是对其内容进行解释说明，故为同位语从句，引导词that在从句中不作成分。
21．What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 解析：主句谓语动词was之前为主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词what。 22．From space，the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
解析：句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为其表面71%是被水覆盖的。本题考查表语从句的引导词。分析前后两句之间的逻辑关系，此处为“前果后因”，故用because。
23．This helps create parents' expectations for the student and helps the student know what the expectation will be，which reduces stress.
解析：本句含一个宾语从句，做know的宾语，缺引导词，在宾语从句中作be的表语，结合句意可知，答案为what。
24．Each time the eagle let his dreams be known，he was told it couldn't be done. That is what the eagle learned to believe.
解析：本句是一个表语从句，表语从句中缺引导词，且引导词在从句中作believe的宾语，因此应该用what引导，等于the thing that，即相当于一个名词加一个定语从句。
25．Success partly depends on whether you have the patience to do simple things perfectly. 解析：句意：成功部分取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。考查宾语从句的引导词。在题干中，介词“on”后面是宾语从句，结合语境可知，应用whether。
26．Long before they graduate from high school，these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test how well prepared they are for the university.
解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。test之后接的是宾语从句，well prepared是形容词短语，应用how来修饰。
27．Her only problem，if you can call it a problem，is that she expects to be successful all the