考单招——上高职单招网www.danzhaowang.com v-ing的用法
一、概念
1、v-ing形式的种类功用和各种形式：V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种，分别可作：
主语、宾语、表语; （动名词） 定语、状语、宾/主语补足语 (现在分词) 注意：其否定形式是在其前边加：not/never. 其各种形式如下表： 2. V-一般式 完成式 时态 语态 主动形式 被动形式 (not) doing (not) having done (not) being done (not) having been done ing形式的被动式用法及种类
当v-ing与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时，要用其被动式, v-ing的被动式有两种：一般被动式：being done；完成被动式：having been done; V-ing形式的被动式包括动名词被动式和现在分词的被动式两种。 二、知识重点 考点/易错点1
考单招——上高职单招网www.danzhaowang.com (一)动名词的被动式
动名词的被动式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，且在句中只表被动，不表进行。 1、作主语
So being killed by sharks was a common thing. 因此被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。 Being laughed at in public is a terrible thing.在公共场合下被嘲笑是件可怕的事。 Being exposed to the sun does harm to health.暴漏在阳光下对身体有害。
The president’s being killed led to serious consequences.总统被杀导致了严重后果。 2、 作宾语
V-ing形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。
He was afraid of _________________ (abandon) by us.He did it without ___________ (ask)
You can’t eat anything before _____________(operate on)I remember having been told the story. 3、作表语
What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.
使孩子最为担心的是他不被允许到医院看母亲。 What I hate most is ________________ (laugh at) The problem is for from _______________ (settle)
考单招——上高职单招网www.danzhaowang.com 注意：①动名词的被动式作主语和表语时，常用其一般式（being done),不习惯用完成式；但作宾语时，若其动作发生谓语动词之前或强调动作已经发生，可用其完成式（having been done)。如：
I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad. 我很感激能被给与到国外留学的机会。
1)动名词的被动式在句中作主、宾、表时，其特点是只表被动，不表进行。 2)动名词的被动式作主、宾、表时，有时可采用其复合结构形式，即：名词所有格/形容性物主代词+ being done。如：
Tom’s being admitted to college is a big surprise for us.汤姆被大学入取让我们很是惊讶。
The discovery of new evidence led to his being caught.新证据的发现导致他被捕。 （二）现在分词的被动式
现在分词的被动式常句中作宾补和定语，一般不作状语（除个别情形例外）；在句中既表被动又表进行 1、 作宾补
现在分词的被动式（being done）作宾补时，表示正在进行的被动的动作，常与感官动词连用。
I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom. You’ll find the topic _______________ (discuss) everywhere now.