３、海洋覆盖了地球表面的７１%,是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分,也是资源的宝库,环境的重要调节器.
The ocean, which covers 71% of the earth’s surface, is a basic component of the global bio-support system. It is also a treasure house of resources and an important regulator of the environment.
(主语后面有三个并列的谓语:覆盖了…,是…,也是… .但仔细分析可看出,“覆盖了地球表面的７１％”说明了一个人们已知的客观事实，句子的重点在后面。因此译文用了一个定语从句来处理前面的分句，而用谓语集中处理后半句的内容。) ４、中国在自己发展的长河中，形成了优良的历史文化传统。这些传统，随着时代变迁和社会进步获得扬弃和发展。 In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions, which have been either developed or sublated with the changes of the times and social progress.
（原文是两句话，第一句在句末提出“历史文化传统”，第二句接着加以发挥。两句话虽在内容上紧密相连，但在形式上都是两个并列的句子，互相没有从属关系。汉语行文“意合”,我们就应该用英语的“形合”表示出来,所以使用了从属连词which 把两句连在一起,变成一个主从复合句.
四、意译法的正确使用。
翻译过程本身充满矛盾，笔者认为主要矛盾在于意合与形合之争。根据我们现在学习的目的来看，我更偏重于意合，说穿了就是意译。因为同一句汉语可用多种英语句型表达，反之亦然。一般情况下，意思说对了就行了，那在什么情况下用意译较好呢？ （一），如果照原句的字眼直接译成英语，你又不熟悉对应词的相关的用法，就容易引起误会，这时应使用意译法，以确切传达原意为准。
1、村里的居民，全不在他眼睛里。
He looked down upon all the inhabitants of the village. 2、谁料这小子竟谋了他的饭碗去。
Who could have thought that this low fellow would steal his living from him. 3、他惹了一肚子的气，回来气的一整夜也没睡着。
Being absolutely enraged, he was much too angry to sleep that night. 4、他说“如今没奈何，把你雇在间壁人家放牛。”
“There’s no way out but to set you to work looking after over neighbor’s baffalo.” （二）、按原文正面译出，译文语言不好处理时，可以采用反面着笔的意译法，也就是我们所谈到的“正说反译,反说正译”的技巧。
1、那赵家的狗，何以看我两眼呢？我怕的有理。
Why should the Zhao’s dog give me two glances of the eye? My fear is not a groundless one.
2、那小女孩接受了礼物，爱玩不忍释手。
The little girl accepted the gift, liking it so much that she could scarcely take his eyes off it.
3、忽视这一点就不能掌握和运用世界上先进的科学技术成果，不能很好地解决我国建设中遇到的重大问题。
Negligence in this respect will make it impossible for us to master and apply the results of advanced world science and technology and properly solve important problems in our construction. 4、过街愈当心愈好。 礼貌是值得尽量尊重的。 You cannot be too careful in crossing the street. Good manners cannot be too much valued. （三）、用意译法比字面直译更能确切反映原意时。（汉语成语，俗语，诗歌翻译等） 1、山不在高，有仙则名。
Any mountains can be famous with the presence of an immortal. 2、 a)，引人瞩目 b)，温厚儒雅 c)，抡滩上海 d)，大展鸿图 a), attractive b), pacific c),swarm in Shanghai
d), very well realize one’s ambition 3、三个和尚无水吃。
Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.
4、前不见古人，后不见来者。念天地之悠悠，独怆然而涕下。 Before me, unseen are the ancients, Behind me, unseen those to come, Thinking of this infinite universe Alone, in my sorrow, I shed tears. （四）、有时为了适应某种文字体裁的要求，译文只译出原作的大意。（如图片说明词，展览会上的实物介绍等） 1、 区中心大道 Plant Central Avenue 2、“跃马擒敌”
Hunting Down the Enemy
3、湄洲岛位于台湾海峡通道里,是莆田市湄洲湾上的一个小岛,面积１４平方公里,人口３.５万多,因供奉妈祖的“湄洲祖庙”闻名世界。
Located in the Taiwan Straits, Meizhou Island is a small island with a total area of 14 square kilometers and a population of 35thousand. It is well-known home and abroad for the first Mazu Temple.
4、二百公里航道上，遍布着无数险滩。险滩上，江流汹涌，回旋激荡，水击礁石，浪花飞溅，声如雷鸣。 Numerous shoals scattered over the 200kms course give rise to many eddies. Pounding on the midstream rocks, the river roars thunderously.
掌握一些常用的英汉，汉英对译的翻译技巧可以激发高中学生英语学习的兴趣。因为学了就会用，一劳永逸，简直是文字游戏。我们视之为学习英语过程中的一种有用的思维工具，不应该把它定位于教学法。毋宁说这是一种学习法，或“应付考试法”更确切。在解答数学题时，我们曾用过归纳法、演绎法、归谬法等，为什么我们在解答英语习题时不可用翻译法呢？下面有４０道汉译英练习。第一部分着重某一种技巧的运用，第二部分要运用二种以上的技巧。参考答案与提示并不是唯一的。你可以自己创新，写出更美、更富有表现力的句子。愿同学们青出于蓝胜于蓝。 （一）
1、我们不是为食而生，乃是为生而食。（增益，加连词） 2、良药苦口利于病。（选词用字）
3、那大学的入学试题很难，我不知能否考取。（分清主从） 4、似乎有稍加说明的必要。（增益，加主语） 5、做人不可醉生梦死。（找主语意译） 6、中国古话说，女子无才便是德。（正说反译，反说正译） 7、公平地说一句，他一直是一个好丈夫，也是一个好父亲。（不定式用法） 8、我觉得那问题很难解决。（词序调整）
9、我们的身体和衣服都要保持清洁，以免生病。（转换并句） 10、我国向来尊重学问。（无主句，用被动语态） 11、太阳落山了，我们回家去。（分词独立结构） 12、请代我谢谢他的礼物。（选词用字句 13、言归正传，他们当天便结婚了。（不定式用法） 14、贪爱钱财是万恶之源。（转换词类） 15、他赚了一大笔钱，他母亲高兴极了。（并句） 16、他易于满足。（选词用字）
17、知人知面不知心。（无主句，加主语） 18、人谁无过。（增益，加介词） 19、不自由毋宁死。（反说正译） 20、几家欢乐几家愁。（增益，加连词） 21、他硬不肯听，要我怎样去说服他。（并句） 22、人生不满百，常怀千岁忧。（选词用字） 23、如果合算的话，我就接受那个工作。（选词用字） 24、各级领导干部必须提高领导水平。（选词用字） 25、打得赢就打，打不赢就走。（增益）
26、凭舟极目望去，远处是黛色青山和五彩斑斓的田野。（增益） 27、前怕龙后怕虎的态度不能造就干部。（省略） 28、获悉贵国遭受地震，我们极为关切。（转换） 29、这些新型汽车速度快，效率高，行动灵活。（省略） 30、使我们失望的是他不顾大局。（反说正译） II
1、小国人民敢于起来斗争，敢于拿起武器，掌握自己国家的命运，就一定能够战胜大国的侵略。（分清主从，词序调整）
2、天下大乱达到天下大治。（选词用字，转换） 3、不学会技术，长期当外行，管理也搞不好。（分清主从，增益） 4、雷锋的形象，教育我们，鼓舞我们。（增益，省略）
5、在党的领导下，依靠广大人民群众的力量，是我们战胜一切困难的根本保证。 （转换，找出合适的主语）
6、一九四二年十一月，德国法西斯军队在斯大林格勒附近大败。（词序调整，被 动语态）
7、这充分表明我们党兴旺发达，后继有人。（正说反译，反说正译） 8、不辜负全国人民和全世界人民对我们的希望。（反说正译，词序调整）
9、对于这些人，并不发生刺激与否的问题，刺激也是那样，不刺激也是那样，因为他们是反动派。（长句拆译，分清主从）
10、人民的觉悟是不容易的，要去掉人民头脑中的错误思想，需要我们做很多切切实实的工作。（长句拆译，增益，转换）
参考译文：
1、 We do not live in order to eat, but we eat in order to live. 2、 Good medicine tastes bitter, but is good for a disease.
3、 As the examination questions of that university are very difficult, I doubt if (It is uncertain that) I shall pass the entrance examination. 4、A few words of explanation appear necessary. 5、One must not sleep or dream one’s life away.
6、 An old Chinese proverb says that too much learning does not become a woman. 7、To do him justice, he has always been a good husband and a good father. 8、 I found it difficult to solve that problem.
9、 We should keep our bodies and clothes clean not to be attacked by illness. 10、 Learning has always been held in high esteem in our country. 11、 The sun having set, we went home.
12、 Return him my best thanks for the present.
13、 To return to the subject, they got married the very day. 14、 The love of money is the root of all evil.
15、 To the joy of his mother, he won a lot of money. 16、He is content with very little.
17、 We know men’s faces, not their minds. 18、Among men who is faultless? 19、Give me liberty or give me death.
20、 Some families are making merry while others are suffering from poverty. 21、 How can I convince him when he will not listen?
22、 A man does not live a hundred years, yet he worries enough for a thousand. 23、 I will undertake the work, if it pays.
24、 Cadres at all levels should improve their art of leadership. 25、 Fight when you can win, move away when you cannot.
26、 Leaning against the boat, you can see dark green mountains and gorgeous fields in the far distance. 27、 “fearing dragons ahead and tigers behind” will not produce cadres.
28、 We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake. 29、 These new cars were fast, efficient and handy.
30、 To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account. II
1、 The people of a small country can defeat aggression by a big country, if only they dare to rise in struggle, dare to take up arms and grasp in their hands the destiny of their own country. 2、 Great disorder across the land leads to great order.
3、 If they don’t learn any technical skills and remain outsiders for a long time, they don’t be able to do management well either.
4、 The brilliant image of Lei Feng educates and inspires us.
5、 Leadership by the Party and reliance on the strength of the masses are the fundamental guarantees for overcoming all difficulties.
6、 The German fascist army was badly defeated at Stalingrad in November 1942. 7、 This fully shows that our Party is flourishing and has no lack of successors.
8、 Live up to the expectations of our own people and the people throughout the world.
9、 With regard to such reactionaries, the questions of irritating does not arise. Irritated or not, they will remain the same because they are reactionaries.
10、 The political awakening of the people is not easy. It requires much earnest effort on our part to rid their minds of wrong ideas.
“深入浅出”这个成语原意是指把深奥的内容用浅显的言语表达出来，英语可译为：“explain the profound in simple terms”。翻译法学英语也可算是深入浅出。但应作别解。学习翻译法不太容易，所以要深入；但学会了之后，就很好用了，可以“浅出”。因此也具有深入浅出的含义。有点“踏破铁鞋无处觅,得来全不费工夫”的意境了.下面四篇汉语短文,与英语书面表达所要求的程度相近。动手试译一下，你一定会感到太好译了，简直是小菜一碟。恭喜你成功了！ 一
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