help) thinking that if one wants to be successful, he should work harder than others. (B) An eight-year-old boy came up to an old man in front of a well, 1. (look) up into his eyes and asked, “I understand you’re a very wise man. I’d like 2. (know) the secret of life.” The old man looked down at the little boy and replied, “I 3. (think) a lot in my lifetime, and the secret can be summed up (总结) in four words: “The first is ‘think’. Think about the values you wish 4. (live) your life by. “The second is ‘believe’. Believe in yourself, based on the thinking you 5. (do) about the values you’re going to live your life by. “The third is ‘dream’. 6. (dream) about the things that can be, based on your belief in yourself and the 20 × 20
values you’re going to live by. “The last is ‘dare’. Dare to make your dreams 7. (become) a reality, based on your belief in yourself and your values.” And with that, Walter E. Disney said to the little boy, “Think, believe, dream, and dare.” 【指点】 1. 根据时间状语判断时态。一般说来，不同的时间状语对应不同的时态（有时也根据具体的语境而略有差异），具体地说： 一般现在时： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month …), once a week, on Sundays, …； 一般过去时： three days ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month …), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, …； 现在进行时： now, at present, these days, …； 过去进行时： at this time yesterday, at that time或when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语从句20 × 20
等； 现在完成时： recently, lately, since …, in the past few years, …； 过去完成时： before, by the end of last year (term, month …), …； 一般将来时： tomorrow, next day (week, month, year …), soon, in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow, …； 过去将来时： the next day (morning, year …), the following month (week …), …。 2. 在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态。在宾语从句中，如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据需要选择时态；如果主句为一般过去时，从句选择相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）。在条件/时间状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 3. 根据上下文已有时态信息点和语意来确定时态。判别时态最关键的一点就是语境，有时作者为了表明自己的观点，在不同的语境下选择不同的时态，这就要考虑上下文和时态的呼应，一定要注意时态的前后一致性。 4. 时态中的特殊对策。有的句子时态要20 × 20
考虑一些习惯性的东西，如客观真理一般要用一般现在时，在学习的过程中要牢牢记住，多多分析比较一下，时态就会比较明确。 5. 时态对比之一：一般过去时和现在完成时 试比较： I borrowed a book from John just now. 我刚才从约翰那儿借了一本书。（事情发生了，强调发生在过去。） I have just learned five hundred English words. 我刚学了500个英语单词。 （说明现在的情况，可能还会学。） 通过比较可知：现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续延续下去或表示过去的动 作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。 6. will和be going to的用法区别： will常表示带意愿色彩的将来，或者询问对方是否愿意或者表示客气的邀请或命令，还表示客观的将来。be going to常用于口语中，主要用来表示说话人的打算，计划要发生的事，还可以表示根据某些迹象判断可能或将要发生某事。试比较： Look at the black clouds. It’s 20 × 20
going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。 I will be twenty-two years old next year. 明年我就22岁了。 Key： Ⅰ. 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 BAABB Ⅱ. 1. happened 2. will be 3. have; will be 4. said; would try 5. stops 6. works 7. was having 8. belongs 9. finishes 10. had worked Ⅲ. (A) 1. called 2. not to know 3. is sung 4. had; got (gotten) 5. to go 6. sang 7. was 8. working 9. met 10. can’t help (B) 1. looked 2. to know 3. have thought 4. to live 5. have done 6. Dream 7. become 20 × 20