小词不可忽视-冠词、介词、数词和代词
Ⅰ. 单句填空
? (2018·龙岩二模)The local drama “Huiban” was popular in South China during the __eighteenth/18th__ (eighteen) century.
解析：考查数词。设空前是定冠词the，设空后是名词century，表在“几世纪”，应用序数词。
? (2018·银川一中三模)Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors are produced in Hangzhou City， __the__ provincial capital of Zhejiang Province in East China.
解析：考查冠词。句意：张小泉剪刀产于杭州市。杭州是华东浙江省的省会城市。该处特指杭州是浙江省的省会城市，应用定冠词the。
? (2018·龙岩二模)It is the most well－known Chinese opera form，recognized as “Oriental Opera” __with__ a long history of 160 years.
解析：考查介词。句意：它是最著名的中国戏剧形式，被认为是有着160年历史的东方戏剧。表“有多长时间的历史”，应用with a history of. . . 。
? (2017·石家庄考前模拟)Sugar paintings are made of melted brown or white sugar，with which craftsmen can paint __a__ variety of animals and flowers.
解析：考查冠词。设空与空后的variety of构成固定短语，a variety of，意为“各种各样的”。
? (2018·黄冈二模)If we are not aware __of__ these differences，some unusual things might happen.
解析：考查介词。句意：如果我们意识不到这些区别会发生一些不同寻常的事情。be aware of“意识到……”，是固定用法。
? (2018·遂宁二模)On this day，dragons，a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise __their__ (they) heads with the sound of thunder.
解析：考查代词。句意：在这一天，中国文化中的图腾，龙听到雷声抬起头。设空后是名词heads，故设空处应填形容词性物主代词their。
? (2017·皖北二模)I told him I wanted him to have some memory of the visit，even though he didn’t get to see it __himself__ (he).
解析：考查代词。设空在句中作宾语，且与主语he是同一人，应用反身代词。 ? (2018·北京)—Good morning，Mr. Lee’s office.
—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment __for__ next Wednesday afternoon. 解析：考查介词。句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三
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下午(和Mr. Lee见面)。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配。make an appointment with sb. 和某人预约。
? (2017·太原一模)A mouse，because of __an__ unlucky chance，made close friends with an evil frog. One day， __the__ frog played a trick on the mouse.
解析：考查冠词。第一空后是形容词unlucky，是元音音素开始的单词，应用不定冠词an；第二空frog是可数名词，且在本题中第二次出现，应用定冠词the。
10 (2018·唐山三模) ○__As__ a water sport，swimming does less harm to joints (关节) and muscles.
解析：考查介词。句意：作为水上运动，游泳对关节和肌肉伤害很小。根据语境可知该处填介词As。as作介词讲时，意为“作为”。
11 (2018·枣庄二模)History suggests that this great structure built by the ○
ancient Chinese over many years as a barrier to protect their land __against__ invaders from the northern borders of the country.
解析：考查介词。protect. . . against. . . “保护……免受……的伤害”。 12 (2017·蚌埠三模)As one volunteer once put __it__ ，“I feel as though I am ○
able to help in the world and use my skills. ”
解析：考查固定用法。as sb. put it“正如某人所说”。
13 (2017·锦州二模)This is a group of people who have been familiar __with__ ○
social media as soon as they came to the world.
解析：考查介词。句意：这群人一出生就熟悉社交媒介。bc familiar with. . . “熟悉……”
14 It is said that one __fifth__ (five) of pupils here go on to study at Peking ○
or Tsing Hua University.
解析：句意：据说这儿有五分之一的学生上北京或清华大学。表达简单分数时，分子应用基数词，分母应用序数词，表“五分之一”，应用one fifth，故设空填fifth。
15 When she retired and went back home in the 1990s，she was already in her ○
__fifties__ (fifty).
解析：句意：当她在20世纪90年代退休回家，她早已50多岁了。“in one’s＋基数词的复数形式”表“在某人几十多岁时”。
Ⅱ. 单句改错
? The young man doesn’t have many experience. He probably can’t do that job. __many→much__
解析：句意：这个年轻人几乎没有经验，他可能做不了那份工作。experience作“经验”讲时，为不可数名词；作“经历”讲时，为不可数名词。根据句意可知，此处的experience
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表示“经验”，故不可用many或few修饰，但可用much或little修饰。much或little修饰不可数名词。
? (2018·鄂尔多斯二模)It had a history of over eight hundreds years. __hundreds→hundred__
解析：表“百、千、万”等的hundred，thousand，million等数词前如有具体的数词，应用单数形式。
? Between 1995 and 2000，two third of the island’s population was forced to flee to other countries. __third→thirds__
解析：当分数的分母大于一时，分母要用复数形式。two thirds“三分之二”。 ? (2018·广西考前模拟)Though she left with the money，she returned later with wine，chocolates and some others treats to say thanks. __others→other__
解析：others相当于other＋复数名词，故应将others改为other。
? (2018·皖南八校三模)I have become a well－known figure out in our city. __去掉out__
解析：该处指一个有名的人物，figure用作名词。figure out“弄清楚”，是固定的动词短语。
? The moment the plane took off，it felt so nervous that I was afraid to look out the window. __it→I；out后加of__
解析：该处指我紧张得不敢往窗外看。故代词it改为I。look out of“朝……外面看”。
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