4.2.4 Èí¼þ£¨²úÆ·£©ÐÅÏ¢±í ................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.5 Èí¼þÀà±ðÐÅÏ¢±í ........................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.6 Óû§ÐÅÏ¢±í ................................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.7 ¹«¸æÊý¾Ý¿â ................................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.8 ½â¾ö·½°¸Êý¾Ý¿â ........................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.9 ³£¼ûÎÊÌâÊý¾Ý¿â ........................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.2.10 ÐÂÎÅÈȵãÊý¾Ý¿â ...................................................................... ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.3 ÍøÕ¾Ç°Ì¨Ê×Ò³ .................................................................................... ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.4 ÍøÕ¾µ¼º½Îļþ¼Ü¹¹ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 4.5 Êý¾Ý¿âµÄͼ ........................................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5 ÏêϸÉè¼Æ ................................................................................................... ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.1 ÍøÕ¾Ç°Ì¨Ê×Ò³Éè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.2 ²úÆ·µØ´øÄ£¿éÉè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.3 ½â¾ö·½°¸Ä£¿éÉè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.4 ÁôÑÔ°å ................................................................................................. ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.4.1 ²é¿´ÁôÑÔÐÅÏ¢ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.4.2 Ìí¼ÓÁôÑÔÐÅÏ¢ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.5 ¼¼ÊõÖ§³ÖÄ£¿éÉè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.6 Óû§ÖÐÐÄÄ£¿éÉè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 5.7 ÍøÕ¾ºǫ́Ê×Ò³Éè¼Æ ............................................................................ ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ 6 ½áÊøÓï ....................................................................................................... ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£ ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ......................................................................................................... ´íÎó!δָ¶¨ÊéÇ©¡£
IV / 32
ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄÉè¼ÆÓëʵÏÖ
ǰÑÔ
ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾Õâ¸ö°éËæ×ÅÆóÒµºÍÍøÂçѸËÙáÈÆðµÄÆóÒµÍÆ¹ãºÍÓªÏú¼¼Êõ£¬ÆóÒµ´Ó¹¤³§ÊÖ¹¤ÒµÊ±ÆÚ¾ÀúÁ˹¤³§ÖÆÊ±ÆÚ·¢Õ¹³ÉΪÈç½ñµÄÏÖ´úÆóҵʱÆÚ£¬Àú¾ÁË600¶àÄêµÄÀúÊ·¡£´ÓµØ·½µ½¹ú¼Ò£¬×îºóÐγÉÈ«ÇòµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÍøÂç³ÉΪÁËÆóÒµ¿ìËÙ·¢Õ¹µÄ³á°ò¡£Èç½ñ¸÷´óÆóҵΪÁËÍÆ¹ãÆóÒµ£¬Ê÷Á¢×Ô¼ºµÄÆóÒµÐÎÏ󡢯óÒµÎÄ»¯¡¢ÆóÒµÆ·ÅÆ¡¢Í¬Ê±ÊÕÈ¡Ïû·ÑÕߵĽ¨ÒéºÍÒâ¼û£¬ÔÚ¸÷×ÔµÄÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾½¨Á¢×Ô¼ºµÄÆóÒµÃÅÃæ£¬ÈÃÿһ¸ö½øÈë¸ÃÆóÒµÍøÕ¾µÄÓû§¿ìËÙµÄÁ˽â¸ÃÆóÒµ¡£¶ø±¾ÈËÏÖÔÚ½«³¢ÊÔ×ÅÉè¼ÆºÍʵÏÖÒ»¸öÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾£¬Íê³É»ù±¾µÄ¹¦ÄÜ¡£
1 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾
1.1 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾
ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾ÊÇÊ²Ã´ÄØ£¬ËüµÄ×é³É²¿·Ö¡¢½á¹¹ÓÖÊÇÄÄÐ©ÄØ¡£ 1.1.1 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§µÄ¶¨Òå
ÆóÒµÃÅ»§¾ÍÊÇÁ¬½ÓÆóÒµÄÚ²¿×ÊÔ´ºÍÍⲿ×ÊÔ´µÄÍøÕ¾£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔΪÆóÒµÄÚ²¿µÄÔ±¹¤ÒÔ¼°¿Í»§Ìṩ·ÃÎÊÇþµÀ£¬Ê¹ËûÃÇÄܹ»¸üºÃµÄ²ÎÓëÆóÒµ¹ÜÀí²¢Á˽âÆóÒµÏà¹ØÐÅÏ¢ºÍ×ÊÔ´£¬´Ó¶ø½¨Á¢µÄ»¥ÁªÍøÍøÂçÈë¿Ú£¬´Ó¶øÊµÏÖ¶ÔÆóÒµµÄÔ±¹¤¡¢¿Í»§¡¢ºÏ×÷»ï°éºÍ¹©Ó¦É̵ȵÈͨ¹ýÕâ¸öÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾»ñµÃ¸öÐÔ»¯µÄ·þÎñºÍÐÅÏ¢¡£»»¶øÑÔÖ®£¬¾ÍÊÇÒÔÐû´«ÆóÒµÐÎÏ󣬷¢²¼ÆóÒµÐÅÏ¢¡¢´«²¥ÆóÒµÎÄ»¯¡¢Ìṩרҵ»¯·þÎñµÄ×ÛºÏÐÍÉÌÒµÐÔÍøÕ¾¡£ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÎÞ·ìµÄ¼¯³ÉÆóÒµµÄÄÚÈÝ¡¢ÉÌÎñºÍÉçÇø¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬ÆóÒµÄܹ»Í¨¹ýÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾¶¯Ì¬µØ·¢²¼´æ´¢ÔÚÆóÒµÄÚ²¿ÒÔ¼°ÍⲿµÄ¸÷ÖÖÐÅÏ¢£»Æä´Î£¬ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾¿ÉÒÔÍê³É¿Í»§ÔÚÍøÉϵĽ»Ò×£»×îÖØÒªµÄÒ»·½Ã棬ÆóÒµÃÅ»§»¹¿ÉÒÔÖ§³ÖÍøÉϵÄÐéÄâÉçÇø£¬ÍøÕ¾µÄÓû§¿ÉÒÔÏ໥ÌÖÂۺͽ»»»ÐÅÏ¢£¬Ê¹ÆóÒµÄܹ»ºÍ¿Í»§Ö®¼äÏ໥¹µÍ¨¡£
1.1.2 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§µÄ»ù±¾×é³É²¿·Ö¼°½á¹¹ ? ÍøÕ¾Ç°Ì¨ ?
Ê×Ò³£º¼ò½à´ó·½µÄÍøÒ³ÅŰæºÍÉè¼Æ£¬ÌåÏÖÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄ¹¦ÄÜ»¯¡¢×¨Òµ»¯¡¢
ÐÅÏ¢»¯£¬ÊÇÐû´«ÆóÒµÐÎÏóµÄÖØÒªÃûƬ¡£
?
²úÆ·µØ´ø£ºÆóÒµµÄ²úÆ·ÊÇÆóÒµµÄÁé»ê£¬Èÿͻ§Ã÷°×ÄãÂôµÄÊÇʲô£¬ÆóÒµÊÇ×ö
ʲôµÄ¡£
? ?
¼¼ÊõÖ§³Ö£ºÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄ¼¼ÊõÖ§³ÖÄ£¿é¡£
½â¾ö·½°¸£ºÆóÒµ½«¹Ë¿Í·´À¡µÄÎÊÌâºÍ¼¼ÊõÉϵÄÎÊÌ⣬½øÐд¦Àí£¬Îª¹Ë¿ÍÌṩ
1 / 32
ÎÊÌâ´¦ÀíµÄ·½°¸ºÍ°ïÖú¡£´Ó¶ø°ïÖú¿Í»§¸üºÃµÄʹÓòúÆ·¡£
? ¹Ë¿ÍÁôÑÔ£ºÁôÑÔ°åÖ÷ÒªÓÃÓڹ˿ͺͿͻ§µÄ½»Á÷£¬È÷ÃÎÊÕßÁôϽ»Á÷ÐÅÏ¢£¬ÊÇ
·ÃÎÊÕߺ͹ÜÀíÔ¶¹µÍ¨µÄÇÅÁº¡£
? ÍøÕ¾ºǫ́ ? ? ? ? ? ?
¹«¸æ¹ÜÀí£ºÊµÏÖÆóÒµ¹ÜÀíµÄÄÚÍâ½»Á÷µÄÐÅÏ¢ºÍÕÐÆ¸µÄÐÅÏ¢µÈ¡£ ϵͳά»¤£ºÊµÏÖÓû§µÄÇл»£¬È¨ÏÞµÄά»¤µÈµÈ¹¦ÄÜ¡£ ²úÆ·¹ÜÀí£ºÊµÏÖ²úƷά»¤¡£
Óû§¹ÜÀí£ºÊµÏÖ¶ÔϵͳµÄÓû§È¨ÏÞ¡¢Óû§Í¼Æ¬¹ÜÀíµÈµÈ¡£ ÐÂÎÅÖÐÐĹÜÀí£º¹ÜÀíÆóÒµµÄÄÚÍâÐÂÎÅ¡£
ÁôÑÔ±¡¹ÜÀí£ºÊµÏÖ¿Í»§ÔÚÍøÕ¾Éϵķ´À¡Òâ¼û²¢Çһظ´ÐÅÏ¢¹ÜÀíµÈ¹¦ÄÜ¡£
1.2 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄ¹¦ÄÜÓëÒâÒå
¾¹ý×ܽᣬ±¾ÈËÈÏΪµÄÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾Ó¦¾ßÓÐÒÔϼ¸¸öÖØÒªµÄ¹¦ÄܺÍ×÷Ó㺠? ? ÔØÌå¡£
? ? ?
ÊÇÀ©´óÆóÒµµÄÐÅÏ¢ÁìÓòºÍ¿Í»§¹ÜÀíµÄ¹Ø¼üµÄÊý¾Ý¹¤¾ß¡£
ÊÇÌá¸ßÆóÒµÄÚ²¿µÄ¹¤×÷ЧÂÊ¡¢¹ÜÀíˮƽºÍ´´ÐÂÉú²ú¾ÓªÄ£Ê½µÄÖØÒªÊֶΡ£ ÊÇÆóҵʵÏÖÕ½ÂÔÐÔ×ʲúºÍͶ×ʵÄÊý×ÖÔØÌ壬ÊÇ´´ÔìδÀ´²Æ¸»µÄÍøÂçÐÅϢƽ̨¡£ ÊÇʵÏÖÒµÎñ×ÊÔ´¡¢»¥ÁªÍø×ÊÔ´¡¢Êý¾Ý×ÊÔ´µÄÓÐЧ¼¯³Éƽ̨¡£
ÊÇËÜÔìºÍÕ¹ÏÖÆóÒµÐÎÏóºÍÎÄ»¯µÄÖØÒªÍøÂçÕóµØÍ¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÆóÒµ¹ã¸æµÄÌìȻͶ·Å
1.3 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄÏÖ×´ºÍǰ¾°
ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾´ÓÐÅÏ¢·¢²¼ÐÍ£¬µ½²úƷչʾÐÍ£¬È»ºóµ½µç×ÓÉÌÎñÐÍ£¬ÔÙµ½ÉÌÎñ¹ÜÀíÐÍ£¬×îºóÏò×Å×ÛºÏÆ½Ì¨ÐÍ£¬¾¹ýÁ˰ë¸ö¶àÊÀ¼ÍµÄʱ¼ä¡£Èç½ñµÄÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾ÎÞÂÛÊÇ·þÎñÄÚÈݵķḻÐÔ£¬»¹ÊÇ·þÎñ¹¦Äܵıã½ÝÐÔ¶¼ÓÐÁ˺ܴó³Ì¶ÈÉϵÄÌá¸ß£¬²¢ÇÒÆä¸¨ÖúÐÅÏ¢ÕýÔÚÈÕÇ÷ÍêÕû¡¢ÍøÕ¾¹æ·¶»¯ÓúÀ´Óú¸ß¡¢ÔÚÐÅÏ¢µÄ¹¹½¨ÓëÓû§ÌåÑé·½Ãæ¶¼ÓÐÁ˽ϸߵĸÄÉÆ£¬´Ó¶øÊ¹µÃµç×Ó·þÎñ³ÉΪÁËÆóÒµµÄÖØÒª·¢Õ¹·½Ïò£¬²»¹ýÎÒÃDz»µÃ²»³ÐÈÏÔÚ¿Í»§½»»¥·½ÃæÕâÈÔÊÇÒ»¸ö¶Ì°å¡£
Õë¶ÔÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾Î´À´µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬±¾È˾õµÃ¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÒÔÏÂÁ½¸ö·½ÏòÏÂÊÖ£º ? ÍøÕ¾±í²ã
ÍøÕ¾±í²ã¼´ÊÇÍøÕ¾µÄÃûƬ£¬ÊÇÆóҵչʾ¸ø¿Í»§µÄµÚÒ»Ó¡Ï󣬲àÖØ¹æ»®ºÍÉè¼Æ¡£Ê×ÏÈÔÚ¶¨Î»ÉÏÒªÓÐÃ÷È·ÇåÎúµÄÄ¿±ê£¬ÔÚÄÚÈÝÉÏÒª×öµ½ÐÅÏ¢¡¢ÄÚÈݼ°Ê±ÇÒȨÍþ£¬ÔÚÉè¼ÆÉÏÍøÒ³ÒªÃÀ¹Û¡¢´ó·½¡¢¼ò½à£¬ÔÚ¹¦ÄÜÉÏÒª¼ò½Ý¡¢Ò×ÓÃͬʱʹÓû§ÌåÑéЧ¹ûÍ»³ö£¬×îºóÔÚ¸¨Öú¹¦ÄÜÉÏÒª×öµ½È«Ãæ¡¢ÍêÉÆ¡£
? ÍøÕ¾Éî²ã
2 / 32
ÍøÕ¾Éî²ã¼´ÎªÍøÕ¾µÄ´óÄԺͺËÐÄ£¬Æä¹¦ÄÜÔÚÔËÐк͹ÜÀí·½Ãæ¡£ËùÒÔÍøÕ¾µÄÉè¼Æ¹ÛÄîÒª¾¡Á¿×öµ½Ç÷ÊÆÈÏʶµÄ³¬Ç°»¯¡¢ÃôÈñ»¯£¬¹¤×÷ÈÏʶÃ÷È·»¯¡¢±ê×¼»¯£¬¼ÛÖµÈÏʶµÄÉîÈ뻯¡¢¿Í¹Û»¯£»µ±È»ÍøÕ¾µÄÕý³£»¯ÔËÐÐ×ÔÈ»ÊÇÀë²»¿ªÄÚÈݵÄά»¤¡¢»¥¶¯µÄά»¤¡¢·ÃÎʵÄͳ¼Æ¡¢ÍøÕ¾µÄÍÆ¹ã¡¢°²È«µÄά»¤ÒÔ¼°×ÓÍø¼à¿ØµÈ·½Ãæ¡£¹ØÓÚÍøÕ¾µÄ¹ÜÀí·½Ãæ£¬ÐèҪʵÏÖÌåϵ¼Ü¹¹µÄºÏÀí»¯¡¢ÔË×÷ά»¤¶ÓÎéµÄרҵ»¯¡¢×éÖ¯±£ÕϵÄÁ¢Ì廯¡¢ÌåÏµÖÆ¶ÈµÄ±ê×¼»¯¡¢×ÊÔ´ÕûºÏµÄ¼¯Ô¼»¯¡¢ÐÅÏ¢µÄ¹ÜÀí°²È«»¯¡¢×ʽðµÄ±£ÕÏÒÔ¼°×ÓÕ¾µÄά»¤¹ÜÀí¡£Èçͼ1.3-1ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄ·¢Õ¹ÀàÐͽ׶ÎÈçÏ£º
ͼ1.3-1 ÆóÒµÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾µÄ·¢Õ¹ÀàÐͽ׶Î
2 ¿ÉÐÐÐÔ·ÖÎö
ÏÖ½ñÔÚÆóÒµµÄÓ¦Óýâ¾ö·½°¸ÖУ¬J2Óë ÔÚʵÏÖÆóÒµ¼¶µÄÍøÕ¾Éϸ÷ÏÔǧÇµ«ÊǾ͸öÈ˶øÑÔ Æ¾½è×Å¿ªÔ´ÉçÇø¶ø¸üÓÐÒ»·¬ÓÅÊÆ£¬ ÔÚÆóÒµ¼¶µÄÓ¦ÓúͿª·¢ÉÏÓÐןܴóµÄÓÅÊÆÓë»ù´¡¡£ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ Ó¦ÓõĺËÐÄ¿ª·¢¼¼Êõ¾ÍÊÇ¡¢¡¢ÓÉÓÚûÓÐÒ»Ì×ÍêÕûµÄ¡¢ÓÐЧµÄ¿ª·¢¹æ·¶À´Ô¼ÊøµÄ³ÌÐòÔ±£¬Ê¹µÃ³ÌÐòԱʹÓø÷×Ô²»Í¬·ç¸ñµÄ³ÌÐò£¬ÕâÑùÇé¿öϵ¼ÖÂÁËÏîĿԽ´ó£¬ñîºÏÐÔԽС£¬Ô½²»ÀûÓÚ¿ª·¢ÏÂÈ¥£¬×ÔȻҲ¾Í½µµÍÁ˳ÌÐòµÄά»¤ÐÔ£¬Ôö¼ÓÁËÏîÄ¿µÄ¹ÜÀíÄѶȡ£
( ¼´ )Êǹ«Ë¾ÔÚÓïÑԵĻù´¡É϶ø¿ª·¢³öÀ´µÄ¶¯Ì¬ÍøÒ³ÖÆ×÷¼¼Êõ£¬ÔÚ ÆóÒµ°æµÄÌåϵ½á¹¹ÖаçÑÝ×ŵÄչʾ²ã×é¼þ½ÇÉ«¡£Í¨³£½«´úÂë°´ÕÕÖ¸¶¨µÄÓï·¨¸ñʽ²åÈë¶¼¾²Ì¬ÍøÒ³Ò³ÃæÖУ¬È»ºó½«ÍØÕ¹Ãû¸ÄΪ¼´¿ÉµÃµ½ËùÐèµÄÒ³Ãæ¡£·½±ãʵÓ㬳ÉΪÎÒѡȡ¸ÃÓïÑÔµÄÖØÒªÔÒò¡£
ÊÇÓÉÈðµä ¹«Ë¾¿ª·¢¡¢·¢²¼²¢ÇÒÖ§³Ö¿ªÔ´µÄÊý¾Ý¿â¹ÜÀíϵͳ£¬¶øÄ¿Ç°ÊÇÁ¥ÊôÓÚ¹«Ë¾µÄ¡£ÊÇÒ»ÖÖʹÓùØÁªÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ¹ÜÀíϵͳ£¬ËüµÄÊý¾Ý±»±£´æÔÚ²»Í¬µÄ±íÖУ¬ÕâÑù·Ö±í·ÃÎÊÊý¾Ý¾ÍÔö¼ÓÁ˶ÁÈ¡µÄËÙ¶È´Ó¶øÌá¸ß¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾ÝµÄÁé»îÐÔ¡£Êý¾Ý¿â¹ÜÀíϵͳ£¬Ê¹ÓõÄÊÇÓïÑÔÊÇÏÖÈç½ñÊý¾Ý¿â¹ÜÀíϵͳÖÐ×î³£Óõıê×¼»¯µÄÓïÑÔ£¬²¢ÇÒÈí¼þͨ¹ýµÄË«ÊÚȨÕþ²ß£¬½«°æ±¾·ÖΪÉçÇø°æºÍÉÌÒµ°æ£¬Õë¶Ô²»Í¬µÄ¿Í»§ÐèÇó£¬Ìṩ¸ü¼ÓϸÖµķþÎñ¡£ÆäÔËÐÐËٶȿ졢
3 / 32