英语语法大汇总!定语从句 导言:
英语老师常常会提到定语从句的概念,但它依然是考生学不懂、易错的知识点。 定语从句在高中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到考生英语成绩能否拔高。
专题一 定语从句
定义:对名词或者代词起到修饰或限定作用的词、短语、句子。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词,可分为关系代词和关系副词
一、关系代词:
that 指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
1. that 指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语
真题: Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.(2014 陕西卷,13) 2. as
1)常用于下列结构:
such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个
例句:He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with.
2)as与which的区别 a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、表意不同
as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。 注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all、as we all can see、as has been said before/above、as might be excepted、as is often the case,一般不能用which代替as。
c、用法不同
在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
例句:It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 3、but用作关系代词 相当于who/that…not
例句:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.
4、只用that不用which的情况 导言:
Which和that同为关系代词,都可指物,并且有时会觉得用that 也可以,用which 也没错。但在哪些情况下是只能用that的呢?
1. 先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something ,anything, none, the one等不定代词时。
2. 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, ju