英语单词复数形式的规律 1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：
①在单数名词词尾加s。如：maps,boys, horses,tables,pens等。②s,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：classes, boxes, heroes, dishes,benches,foxes, brushes, watches。但stomach的复数为stomachs。 ③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,加es。如families, cities, parties,babies。 ④以f或fe结尾的名词英语中共有100多个,其中直接加s的有92个,绝大多数不常用,如safe,roof,belief等；把f或fe改为v,再加es的只有13个,如：
thief,life,wife,shelf,
self,knife,half,leaf,wolf等 ⑤以o结尾的名词,除有生命的“两人两物”Negro,hero,tomato,potato等少数后面加es外,一般后面直接加s.如kilos, photos,zoos,radios,pianos,videos. 2、不规则变化：①含man的n,一般变man为men.如women,policemen,Englishmen.但German→Germans.②将oo改为ee的有foot→feet,tooth→teeth,goose→geese等.③复数以en结尾的有children,ox→oxen等.④将ouse改为ice的有mouse→mice,louse→lice(虱子)等.
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk. 动名词的规则变化 1 一般情况下，直接在动词后加－ing （现在进行时） eg: work ---working study ----studying 2 动词以不发音的－e结尾，要去－e加－ing take --- taking make --- making 3 重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加－ing cut --- cutting put begin 4 以－ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加－ing lie ---lying tie ----tying die --dying
现在分词的变化规则1.普通动词+ing; 2.
以不发音的e结尾的动词：去e+ing;例：dance→ dancing. 3.重读闭音节，以一个元音+一个辅音结尾的动 词：双写这个辅音字母+ing;例：stop→stopping. 4.以ie结尾的动词：变ie为y+ing.例lie→lying(谎言，说谎，幌子）
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