基于三菱FX2N的PLC电梯控制系统设计
摘 要
在现代社会和经济活动中，计算机技术、自动控制技术和电力电子技术得到了迅速的发展，电梯已经成为城市物质文明的一种标志。特别是在高层建筑中，电梯是不可缺少的垂直运输设备。随着高层建筑飞速发展的今天，电梯行业也随之进入了新的发展时期,电梯控制技术已经发展到了调频调压调速，其逻辑控制也由PLC代替原来的继电器控制，其许多功能是传统的继电器控制系统无法实现的。
本设计针对我国电梯业的现状，将可编程序控制器(PLC)应用于三层电梯进行逻辑控制，通过合理的选择和设计，不但提高了电梯可靠性、可维护性以及灵活性，同时延长了使用寿命，缩短了电梯的开发周期，并提高了电梯的控制水平，改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果。本文所设计的电梯与传统的电梯相比，在运行上具有良好的舒适感，在生活中可以节约电能，取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益，达到了理想的目的。该电梯控制系统具有指层、厅召唤、选层选向、手动和自动等功能，具有集选控制的特点。
在介绍电梯基本结构的基础上，深入分析了电梯的工作原理，阐述了PLC的优点及特点，重点分析了电梯的硬件设计和软件设计，研究并提出了基于PLC电梯控制系统设计的实现方案，最后对本论文的研究内容进行了总结与展望。
关键词：电梯；变频器；PLC控制；变频调速
Mitsubishi FX2N PLC elevator control system design
I
基于三菱FX2N的PLC电梯控制系统设计
Abstract
In the modern social and economic activities, computer technology, automatic control technology and power electronic technology has been rapid development, the lift has become a symbol of urban material. Especially in the high-rise building, the elevator is not a lack of vertical transportation equipment. With the rapid development of high-rise buildings of today, the lift industry also has entered a new period of development, elevator control technology has been developed to the FM speed regulator, the logic control by the PLC to replace the original relay control, many of its functions traditional relay control system can not be achieved.
The design for the status quo of China's elevator industry will be a programmable logic controller (PLC) used for three-storey elevator control logic, through the rational selection and design, not only to improve the reliability of the elevator, maintainability, and flexibility, while extending the of life and shorten the development cycle of the elevator and the elevator control to raise the level of the elevator operation to improve the comfort, so that the lift to reach a more satisfactory control effect. In this paper, the design of the elevator by the elevator when compared with the traditional, in the run with good comfort, in life can save energy, and achieved good economic and social benefits to achieve the desired purpose. The elevator control system has a mean layer, the Office of calls to the layer selected, manual and automatic functions with a set of features to control the election.
In introducing the basic structure of the lift on the basis of the depth analysis of the working principle of the elevator, on the merits and characteristics of PLC, the focus of an analysis of the lift hardware design and software design, research and PLC based control system designed to lift the achievement of the program, Finally, the study of this thesis are summarized and prospects.
Key words：Elevator，PLC control，VVVF，Inverter
II
基于三菱FX2N的PLC电梯控制系统设计
目录
摘 要 ................................................. I Abstract ................................................ II 1 绪论 ................................................... 1 1.1. 课题研究的背景及意义 ............................. 1 1.1.1 课题研究的背景 ............................... 1 1.1.2 课题研究的意义 ............................... 3 2 系统总体概述 ........................................... 3 2.1 电梯控制系统设计要求 .............................. 3 2.2 电梯设备 .......................................... 4 2.2.1 电梯的分类 ................................... 4 2.2.2 电梯的主要组成部分 ........................... 5 2.2.3 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则 .................... 6 2.2.4电梯曳引电机及门电机电路图 .................... 7 2.2.5电梯的安全保护环节 ............................ 7 2.2.6 运行方向灯、轿内指令及厅外召唤信号灯 ........ 10 2.2.7电梯开关门的设计 ............................. 10 2.3 PLC及其在电梯控制中的应用特点 .................... 13 2.3.1 PLC的特点 ................................... 13 2.3.2 PLC控制电梯的优点 ........................... 13 2.4 PLC的选择 ....................................... 14 2.5 变频调速控制电梯的特点 ........................... 14
III