英语定语从句 一．定语从句的理解：
定语概念：_____________________________________________________________________ 划出下列定语
a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 如果定语_______________，便称为定语从句。
I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句） 被修饰的词是_______________。这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。 附：关系词与先行词的关系：
关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。 定语从句中常用的关系词有：
关系代词 ________________________________________________________________ 关系代词在从句中可充当___________，_____________或_____________； 关系副词 _________ (表示时间) _________ (表示地点) _________ (表示原因) 关系副词在从句中充当状语。 结论：关系词常有三个作用：
1、_________ 2、_________ 3、_________
一、将下列句子译成汉语。.
1. Who that knows him wants to make friends with him? 2. What else was there in my brother that you didn't like? 3. He lives in the room whose window faces to the south. 4. He lives in the room, the window of which faces to the south. 5. This is Mr. John for whose son I brought a book yesterday. 6. This is Mr. John for whom I bought a book yesterday. 7. This is the hour when the place is always full of women and children. 8. And there is one point that I'd like your advice. 9. Winter is the time of year that the days are short and nights are long. 10. I hope you will find this valley，a beautiful place where you may spend your weekend. 11. This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life. 12. The man who is running is my uncle. 13. I like the music that I can sing along with. 14. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 二．按关系词种类学习 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词一览表 关系词 所做成分 例句 练习一
1. This is the man ________ helped me.
2. The doctor ________ you are looking for is in the room.. 5. The building _________ stands near the river is our school. 6. This is the book ___________ you want.
7. The room in __________ there is a machine is a workshop. 8. This is the boy _________ broke the window. 9. The letter _________ I received was from my father. 练习二 Whose的用法
3. Do you know the man ________ name is Wang Yu? 4. Do you see the house ________ windows are all broken? 1. I’ve got a cat _______hair is yellow
2. .He is my English teacher . His son is our classmate
___________________________________________________________ 练习三
1. The boys who football are from the country. A. are playing B is playing C plays D to play
2. At last, the man handed everything he had stolen to the police. A which B what C that D who
3. This is the most interesting journey I have ever heard of. A. which B who C that D whom 4. He is a singer who his own lyrics. A write B writes C. writing D to write 5. This is the boy broke my window. A. which B what C who D whom 注：that的用法
(1) 只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
(a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. All that is needed is a supply of oil.
(b) 先行词有the only, the very, the last, just修饰时，只用that。 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我想买的字典。
c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。. He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 (d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. ( e) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
Who that break the window should be punished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚． (2) 不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
The necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday. Tom came back, which made us happy.
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
当堂检测
一 阅读下列句子，用who/that/which/whom填空。
1. I have a brother _______ likes soccer.
2. Tom doesn’t like movies _______are too long and too scary. 3. We prefer groups________ play loud and energetic songs. 4. He likes friends _________ often help each other.
5. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.
6. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her. 7. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old. 8. The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother.
9. Kevin is reading a book __________ is too difficult for him. 10. Is there anything ________ you want to buy in the town. 11. All ______ we can do is to study hard.
12. The first one _____ stands up is a little boy. 二 选择填空
1. —Who is the man ______ was talking to our English teacher? —Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our math teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which
2. I hate the people ______ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where
3. The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom
4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which
5. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that
6. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday? —He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 7. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
8. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital? A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 9.Is there anything ____ I can do for you? A. what B. which C. that D. it
10. You are the only one ____ advice he might listen to. A. who B. that C. whose D. whatever 11 . The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which 12 . The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom
13 . George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 14. —What do you think of the school uniforms?
—Very good. I like clothes _____ make me feel comfortable. A. that B. what C. who
15. Is there anything __________ to you?
A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs 16 . —Now many people smoke and get ill.
—So we should do something ______ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that
5. This is the place _______I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which
6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when 7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which
9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which
10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which 11. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where
12. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where 13. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where
14. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when
16. —Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?