次要扩(推)展句是指对主要扩展句作进一步的事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个扩展句。例如：
(主题句)I don’t teach because teaching is not easy for me.(主要扩展句1)Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living：mechanic, carpenter, writer.(主要扩展句2)For me, teaching is a redeye, sweatypalm, sinkingstomach profession.(次要扩展句1)Redeye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing.(次要扩展句2)Sweaty-palm, because I’m always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am.(次要扩展句3)Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual. 从属于主要扩展句2的三个次要扩展句起着解释说明作用，分别解释red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach的含义，这就更加形象生动地证明了 “teaching is not easy” 这个主题。来源：httpwww.hxen.com
③主要扩展句与次要扩展句的关系：
A.每个主要扩展句都应该是对主题句中表示主要思想的关键词的直接、明确的说明。 B.每个次要扩展句都应该说明它的主要扩展句。
C.含有讨论说明或分析的问题通常既要有主要扩展素材，又要有次要扩展素材。 ④写好扩展句的方法： 主题句及关键词确定后，开始选择和主题有关的信息和素材。有一种常用的方法就是句子展开前加以设问，然后解答，即设问—解答(why—because)的方法。下面我们通过举例来看一看这种分类过程是如何完成的。例如：
假设：Topic sentence：English is an international language 设问：Why can we say English is an international language 解答：
Because：English is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world.
Because：Over 70 percent of the world’s mails are written in English.
Because：More than 60 percent of the world’s radio programs are in English. Because：Pakistan was once one of the British colonies.
Because：Many members of the International Language Society are selected from Englishspoken countries.
从上面可以看出，最初的三个扩展句是和关键词an international language一致的。第四句和主题句不统一，尽管第四句会成为另一主题句(Many Pakistanis speak English)很好的扩展句。第五句说服力不强。
当然，在写成段落时，没有必要在每个句子开头写上 “because”，但是，在动笔展开句子时，头脑里要想着这个词，这种检验方法能帮助你把注意力集中在某个重心，围绕主题思想层层展开。
上面我们讨论了主要扩展句的一种展开方法。而展开次要扩展句的方法与主要扩展句类似，这里我们就不再复述了。 (3)结尾句
结尾句是用来对全段内容进行总结、归纳或提出结论性观点的句子。顾名思义，结尾句只能位于段尾，起重复段落主题和强调段落中心思想的作用。结尾句的写作方法可参见“(三)出现亮点”。 四、模板套用
2009年12月 六级真题实例
Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled Should parents send their kids to art classes You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below
现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班; 1. 对这种做法有人表示支持; 2. 有人并不赞成; 3. 我认为? 套用模板一
【审 题】分析题目，此作文属于对比选择类文章，并且题目中已经给出提纲，考生只需要按照提纲写出：支持的理由、反对的理由、我的观点。但最好在前面加上一个引言段。引言可以是简单的对全文观点的总结，也可以是相关争议的背景介绍。支持送孩子学艺术的理由不外乎成就艺术天才和培养兴趣爱好;反对的理由不外乎孩子压力过大和顺其自然等。结尾段总结自己的观点，具备实力的考生还要写出点新意，运用闪光词汇。 【思路一】第一段：指出现象，以及相关争议的背景介绍; 第二段：支持送孩子学艺术的理由; 第三段：反对送孩子学艺术的理由; 第四段：“我”的观点。 【范文一】
Should Parents Send their Kids to Art Classes
(1)Children are the future of the nation, (2)the pearl in their parents’ eyes. Hoping that their kids can become the cream of the crop among others, more and more parents send their kids to various art classes to let them learn more. However, people hold different opinions toward this phenomenon.
(3) (4)Some individuals maintain that attending classes is aimed to broaden their kids’ horizon and enrich their knowledge in that the kinds can get acquainted with peers from different family background. (5)In the class, exposed to a big family they will learn how to cooperate with each other and how to develop a harmonious relationship with his her classmates, which is absolutely essential when children grow up.
There are some people who hold different opinions. They argue that because some kids put in a large amount of time in the class, they even can’t set aside time to stay together with their parents and share their feeling, good or bad, with their family members.
(6)As far as I am concerned, just as every coin has two sides, it is true to the phenomenon discussed above. If children can display their potential and they are interested in what they are doing, (7)then parents are expected to provide the children a chance to give a full play of their ability. But if they are disgusted at the class, parents are supposed to support their kids to be engaged in other activities. 【点 评】 范文点评：
(1)开门见山对相关争议的背景做简单介绍。
(2)the pearl in their parents’ eyes掌上明珠，语言地道。
(3) Some individuals maintain that?引出支持孩子学艺术的理由。
(4)使用亮点词汇 broaden their kids’ horizon and enrich their knowledge，develop a harmonious relationship with。
(5) There are some people who hold different opinions.
引出反对孩子学艺术的理由。
(6)使用As far as I am concerned引出自己的观点。 (7) give a full play of their ability “充分发挥才能” 套用模板二 【思路二】
第一段：对送孩子学艺术，人们观点不一;有人赞成，有人反对，而我认为最适合的才是最好的;
第二段：我支持送孩子学艺术的理由;
第三段：我不赞成的做法及理由;重申个人观点。 【范文二】
Should Parents Send their Kids to Art Classes
(1)There is no denying the fact that it has become a prevailing trend for parents to send the children to art training classes of all kinds. Different people hold different views. Some contend that attending art classes can help nurture children’s interest and tap their potentials in such art as music, painting and dancing. However,others think forcing them to go to art classes may only restrict their freedom and affect their healthy growth. (2)Considering one after another, I believe that both sides have something right.
(3)For one thing, it must be admitted that going to art classes is and effective means to find out and give full play to children’s talent in art. For another, by attending art classed, the children can have an all-round development by acquiring knowledge and skills which are not taught in their schools. What’s more, it is conducive to their sound development. kids can also make a lot of friends there, thus their communication skills may also be sharpened.
(5) However, Every coin has two sides. These courses would bring about heavy burdens to students and thus oppose to this practice. In addition, the students might not have adequate time to take rest and reflect on what they have learned in school. Therefore, (6)it is not advisable for parents to deprive their children of the right to choose to learn what they truly like. Remember, the fittest is the best. 【点 评】 范文点评：
(1)使用句型There is no denying the fact tha引出现象，概括不同人的观点，最后表明自己的立场。
(2) 使用Considering one after another引出自己的观点。 (3)使用For one thing,?For another,?What’s more,?来扩展文章，从而使观点层次清晰，论证有力。
(4) give full play to children’s talent，have an all-round development，be conducive to等成为文章亮点词汇。
(5) 使用However使观点发生转折，引出自己不赞成的做法和理由。bring about heavy burdens to “是?的负担”
(6) 使用it is not advisable for?to do ?自己的建议。 (7)the fittest is the best. “最适合的就是最好的”，此句简短有力，使自己的观点更加鲜明。
2008年6月 六级真题实例 套用模板一
【审 题】本题要求写一篇议论文，属观点对立型和问题解决型作文的糅合与拼接。考
题属于常规性题目，但又与时俱进，侧重于对校园内学生除学习外的娱乐方式的关注。选材体现了当今社会教育取向的变化，由关注学生学习成绩向全面发展素质教育转变。 【思路一】第一段：引入现象：现在娱乐活动多种多样并列举其益处及原因; 第二段：列举娱乐活动的弊处及原因;
第三段：表明自己的观点态度：寓乐于学。 【范文一】
Recreational Activities
(1) When it comes to recreational activities， different people hold different views. (2) Some people think those recreational activities are great and necessary, because they can help people relax from the hard work and study. (3) Some of the activities, such as hiking, jogging, can help people relax physically; (3) while some of them, such as surfing the Internet, can help people relax mentally.
(4) However, other people hold that so many kinds of recreational activities may have a bad effect on our lives. Some people may not resist some temptations from those activities, and indulge themselves in those activities. At last they are (5) lured away from their study or their work.
(6) In my opinion, we should pay more attention to the advantages of various recreational activities and make the most of them. Meanwhile, we should learn how to use those activities positively and make them a helpful tool for our development. 【点 评】
(1) 开门见山，引出主题 (2) 引出支持者的观点及原因 (3) 列举有益处的娱乐活动
(4) 话锋一转，引出反对者的观点及原因 (5) 精彩短语：受诱惑而荒废学业或工作 (6) 阐述我的观点：寓乐于学 套用模板二
【思路二】第一段引入现象：现在娱乐活动多种多样; 第二段列举娱乐活动的弊益及原因;
第三段表明自己的观点态度：不能因噎废食，建议娱乐要有度。 【范文二】
Recreational Activities
In people’s daily life, (1) there are various recreational activities (2) apart from studying or working (3) ranging from Karaoke or dancing to computer games or sports games. Such activities are beneficial as well as harmful to us if undertaken inappropriately. (4)As far as I’m concerned, we should pay more attention to the advantages of various recreational activities
(5) For one thing, those recreational activities are great and necessary, because they can help people relax from the hard work and study. Some of the activities, such as hiking, jogging, can help people relax physically; while some of them, such as surfing the Internet, can help people relax mentally. For another, it can improve our communication skills because most of these activities are done with others.
(6) However, if we spend too much time on singing, dancing or other games, we might fail to concentrate on our duties such as studying our working, which in turn may lead to further consequences. Therefore, recreational activities should be done within a certain limit so that we
can keep a proper balance between recreation and studying or working life. 【点 评】
(1) 引出现象，直击主题
(2) apart from “除了”本文来源 恒星英语学习网
(3) 使用ranging from列举娱乐活动，呼应主题(多种多样)。现在分词作定语 (4) 使用As far as I’m concerned引出自己的观点 (5)例举娱乐活动的益处
(6) 使用转折词however话锋一转，谈及例举娱乐活动的益处
(7)亮点词汇 concentrate on，in turn，lead to further consequences，keep a proper balance，为文章添彩。
五、对比选择类专项训练 训练一
Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Does A Student Need Private Tutoring You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below：
1.根据调查，目前在全国的大城市中有大约80%的中学生都有私人家教; 2.分析中学生请家教的利弊; 3.你的看法。
Does A Student Need Private Tutoring 训练二
Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Is Thrift Still A Good Virtue You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below：
1.随着人们生活水平的提高，一些人认为节俭和朴素的生活方式已经过时了; 2.但是很多人反对这种说法; 3.你的看法是什么，为什么 Is Thrift Still A Good Virtue 训练三
Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic To Restrain Spending.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese：
1.现在许多大学生花钱大手大脚;
2.有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非; 3.你的看法。本文来源恒星英语学习网 To Restrain Spending 训练四
Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Buying Lottery Tickets.You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline given below： 1.有些人赞成买彩票; 2.有些人反对买彩票; 3.你的观点。
Buying Lottery Tickets 训练五