南京工业大学有机化学期末试卷1

H3C11.BrCHOH3CH3CBrOCH2CH3OCH2CH3 12.H3CCH3OCOOH

13.Br

Br

OO

O+14.N KCH3NCH3

OO

OH15.N2ClNN

三:排序

OHBr

CHO1.>>>

H3CCH2OH2.>

H3CH3CCH3CH3OH>H3COHO

3.H3CCHOCOOH>H3CCHOCOOH>H3CCOOHCH3

COOH4.>NO2Cl>>OCH3 5.H3C

CH3CH2Br

>H3CBr>(CH3)3CBr

四:区别化合物

1. 先用tollens试剂鉴别出炔烃,然后再用溴的CCl4溶液鉴别出烯烃 2. 先用tollens试剂鉴别出苯甲醛,然后用碘仿反应鉴别出苯甲酮

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五:分离

1. 加入NaOH溶液,油层为苯甲醇,然后萃取。向水相通入CO2,苯酚析出。 2. 把混合物通入浓硫酸,乙醚可以溶解与浓酸中,而乙醚不溶解

六:合成 1.(1)H3CCH2++CL2500oCClCH2(2)ClCH2Br2CCl4ClBrCH3Br

CH3

CH3NO22.(1)+CH3HNO3H2SO4+NO2CH3(2)NO2CH3Br+Br2FeBr3BrNO2COOH(3)NO2KMnO4H+Br 3.OHNO2

Br(1)++PBr3(2)BrMgMgBr

CH3(3)MgBr+H2OH3CCH3OHCH3

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4.(1)CH2(COOCH2CH3)2_CH(COOCH2CH3)2RONa_CH(COOCH2CH3)2CH(COOCH2CH3)2CH2Br(2)+BrCH2CH2Br(3)CH(COOCH2CH3)2CH2BrRONaCOOCH2CH3COOCH2CH3H2OH+COOH

七:回答问题 1.R S S

2.B是手性分子,优势构像:

CH3H3C

3.

A.CH3CH2CH2CH2OHH3CB.H3CCH2OHC(CH3)3

C.(CH3)3COH

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