物流英语A
一． 写出下列英文缩写的全拼
1、3PL： 2、VMI： 3、WMS： 4、MPS： 5、JIT：
二． 翻译下列短文
Definitions and Functions of Logistics
Logistics (business definition): Logistics is defined as business-planning framework for management of material, service, information and capital flows. It includes the increasingly complex information, communication and control systems required in today, business environment.
——(Logistics Partners Oyo, Helsinki, FI, 1996)
Logistics (military definition): The science of planning and carrying out movement and maintenance of force……Those aspects of military operations that position, maintenance, evacuation and disposition of material; movement, evacuation, and hospitalization of personnel; acquisition of construction, maintenance, operation and disposition of facilities; and acquisition of furnishing of services.
——(JCS Pub 1- 02 excerpt)
Logistics: The process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow and storage of raw materials, in- process inventory, finished goods and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of meeting customer requirement.
——(Reference: Management)
Professor Donald J. Bowersox, a famous expert on Logistics in the University of
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Canadian Association Logistics
Michigan State, pointed out in Logistic Management (3rd edition) published in 1986 that, ―The term of Logistics is neither restricted in the field of commerce nor in that of military. It is applicable for commercial activities of both public and private enterprises.‖ In his works, he also applied the following terms to illustrate part or all of the activities of Logistics: Business Logistics, Physical Distribution Materials, Logistics Management, Material Management, Physical Supply, Logistics of Distribution, Total Distribution, etc..
?Logistics is the science and art of the design, optimization and management of networks for the time-related positioning of resource. In its most comprehensive sense, those functions which deal with the following aspects such as:
1) Design and development, acquisition, manufacture, storage, movement, distribution, maintenance and disposition of goods;
2) design, development, management and maintenance of passenger systems; 3) Acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation and disposition of facilities;
4) Acquisition or provision of services.
Logistics is a method of managing organizations so that the organizational aims are achieved in the most efficient and effective way. There are four principal aspects to managing in this logistic way.
Outcome: logistic management focuses on the desired outcome and produces the best plan to achieve that outcome (within any constraints that are applied), irrespective of the degree of difficulty or inconvenience that may be caused to any of the intermediate processes.
Sequence: logistics involves establishing and controlling the best sequence in which a number of operations or processes are carried out.
Timing: the operations or processes must be carried out at the best time, both relative to one another and to the overall aim.
Location: the operations or processes must be carried out in the best place, relative to one another and the overall aim.
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It concludes the coordination of the functions and key aspects as they apply to the particular organization in the combination that is most effective and efficient in producing the required outcome. For this reason, the true logistics picture is only really seen by those at the very top, strategic, level of management. At the lower organizational levels people are very likely to be involved only in one or other of the functional areas. Everybody in the organization, at all levels, must understand the importance of the interconnection between the five logistic functions and the importance of the four key aspects so that they can contribute effectively to the organization‘s activities.
Although logistics is primarily a strategic-level management process, the basic ideas are still highly relevant at all the lower organizational levels. For example, the flow of paperwork round an office can be sequenced and timed, with the separate stages of processing being carried out in the best part of the room to facilitate the flow.
三． 翻译下列句子
Translate the following sentences into English.
1.如果船舶公司接受了订舱，到时候你就会收到装货单。（space booking） 2.缺乏富有成效的采购，公司的运作就会陷入混乱。（disrupt） 3.在对库存做计划方面，我们需要考虑三个基本问题。(concern)
4.物流的最终质量要求就是把每件事都做对并在第一时间做对。（ultimate）
四． 论述题
Answer the following question in English,
1.How can we distinguish one transport service from another? 2.Why is information crucial to the performance of a supply chain?
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