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语法专项——冠词
一、不定冠词的用法（a、an）
1、用来表示“一”这个数量：
Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。
He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。
a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours a day, twice a week, a cup of tea. 2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。
A grammar book is necessary to a language learner. 对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。 A house is a useful animal.
3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，A man is looking for you.
4、表示“每一”，相当于every 例如，I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。
5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。
6、用在某些固定词组中：
a lot(of)许多，大量； after a while过一会儿； have a rest（休息）； have a look（瞧瞧）；have a good time（过得开心）； take a shower（淋浴）； take a break（休息）； take a bath（洗澡）； get a cold（患感冒）； get a fever（发烧）； make a living（谋生）；in a moment（过一会儿）；
二、定冠词的用法（the）：
1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，上文提到的，双方都知道的。 The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。
I have a car. The car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。 2、指世界上独一无二的事物。 the sun 3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前 4、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人 5、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人” 6、用在方位词前。on the left
7、用在乐器、棋类前。 play the piano
8、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江 9、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the United States 美国
10、all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；
do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上； in the open air 在户外，在野外
三、零冠词的用法：
1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。
Eg. Tian’an Men Square天安门广场
2、代词所有格（my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)。 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
Eg. They are teachers. 他们是老师。Tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉 4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前.
Eg. on Sunday在周日，in March在三月，in spring在春天，on Women’s Day在妇女节
(如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在1982
年春季参军。)
5、称呼语前，名字前。Tom Mum
6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。I have lunch at school every day. 7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School
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8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。 (1)与by连用的交通工具名称前
(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处 (3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日
(4)go短语：go home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
四、有the和无the：
1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里
2. in front of在……(外部的)前面/in the front of在……(内部的)前面 3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替
4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去 5. next year明年/the next year 第二年
6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)
五、练习题
1. There will be _____ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon.. A. an B. a C. the D. / 2. Little Tony is __________honest boy. He never tells lies. A. a B. an C. / D. the 3. Please stay for dinner. It will be ready in half ______ hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. Can you see _____ one-eyed cow in _____field?
A.．an, the B.．a, the C.．/, the D.．a, a
5. A: Which girl is your daughter, Mr. White? B: Oh, look, that little one in red. A. a B. an C. / D. the
6. His father is ________ engineer. He always wears _______ uniform at work.
A. a...a B. a...an C. an...a D. an...an 7. ______ young man beside me is _______ university student. A. An…a B. An…/ C. The…an D. The…a 8. ______ girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister. A. A B. An C. The D. / 9. My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing ______golf. A. a B. an C. the D. /
10. Last week, I wrote ______ article on our School Food Festival to Shanghai Students’ Post. A. the B. an C. a D. /
11. It’s ______ pleasure for me to be invited to play _____ piano at the concert. A. the, a B. a, the C. a, a D. a, / 12. I like to read ______ book. It’s better than reading on the Internet. A. / B. a C. an D. the 13. He ordered a book some time ago and now __book has arrived. A. a B. the C. an D. /
14. He ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago, and machine has arrived. A. a B. an C. the D. /
15. __________ teacher said that Jack was__________ new student and he was________ honest. A. The, a, \\ B. A, the, a C. A, a, an D. The, a, an 16. Tom likes playing ______football, while Lily likes playing violin. A. the…/ B. / …the C. the…the D. /…/
17. Please get everything ready. Our meeting will begin in half ______ hour.
学习必备 欢迎下载 A. a B. an C. the D. / 18. It’s about half ________ hour’s walk from here to _________ nearest underground station. A. a…the B. an…the C. /…the D. the…a 19．More college graduates would like to work in ______ west part of our country____ next year. A. the, the B. /,/ C. /, the D. the, / 20．My grandpa used to have ______ walk in the garden after ____ supper. A. a, a B. /, a C. a, / D. /, / 21．The scientists from _____ United States live in ______ Ninth Street. A. the, the B. /, the C. /, / D. the, / 22．There is ____ report in today’s newspaper. It’s about the International Film Festival, Shanghai. A. a B. an C. the D. / 23．Mr Wang is ___ ambulance man. He is always busy with the work. A. a B. the C. an D. the 24．The old lady teaches children to play ______ piano at a weekend school. A.a B. an C. the D.／ 25、Linda always takes ______ active part in sports after school. A. / B.a C.an D. the 26、Can I have ______look at the photo of your pen friend.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
答案：
1~5 ABBAC 6~10 CDCDB 11~15 BBBCA 16~20 BBBAC 21~25 DACCC 26 A