Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
课文知识点解析
“by+doing形式”表示方式、方法
语法结by+doing形式，“通过做...的方式” 构 I learn Chinese by listening to tapes。 提问方by+doing结构常用来回答How do -How can I turn on the light? 式 you...？ 或How can I...?这类句型 拓展：介词by的其他用法：
1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐...” by bus
2）by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...” by the lake 3）by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...” by ten 4）辨析by、with、in，“用” by 侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等 -By turning this button. with 侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等 in 侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等 Eg. We’ll be traveling by car.
He broke the window with a stone. Please answer the question in English. 即学即练：
1.-How do you learn English words? -_____making word cards. A. To B. By C. For D. With
2.-How do you get to school every day. Lucy? -I go to school _____. A.ride my bike B.by my bike C.by bus D.by a bus 3. Mr.Scott made a living by____(sell) old things.
4. She learns English by listening to tapes.(对划线部分提问) _____ ______ she learn English?
5. Most of them take the train to work.(改为同义句) Most of them go to work ______ ______. 要点详解： Section A
1.by asking the teacher for help通过向老师求助。（P1） 1）by，“通过；靠”，后加名词/代词/动名词。
Eg. He had to do all the work by hand.
2）ask （sb） for sth，“向某人要某物；要求某人某事”。
Eg. My mother asked me for help yesterday.
2. Do you have conversations with friends in English?你和朋友用英语说话吗？（P2）
conversion，“交谈；谈话”。与动词have/hold连用时，须加不定冠词，但与动词make连用时，不加不定冠词。常用短语有：
have/hold a conversion with...“与...交谈/谈话”；
make conversion“闲谈；搭讪” be in a conversion with...“与...在谈话” Eg. He had a conversation with his son yesterday.
3. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?朗读练习发音呢？（P2）
1）What about...?= How about...?“...怎么样？” 2）辨析
aloud adv，“大声地；出声地”，多指使别人听到的意味，常与read连用。 loud adj、adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing之后，多用比较级。 loudly “高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudly。 Eg. Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。 Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
3）practice，动词，“练习”，后加名词、代词、动名词。 练习：They practice _____(speak) English every day.
4. It’s too hard to understand spoken English. 听懂英语口语太难了。（P2） 1）It+be+adj+for/of sb+ to do sth.
Eg. It’s dangerous for children to play with fire.
2）too...to...“太...而不能...”. Eg. He is too young to join the party. 注意：not...enough to.../ so...that...
练习：The girl is ____ tired ____ she could walk any more. A.too; to B.not; enough C.so; that
5. I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday.(P2)我必须读完一本书，以便下周一作报告。 1）finish“完成”，后加名词、代词、动名词。 Eg. I finished doing my homework half an hour ago.
拓展：后加动名词的动词及短语：
enjoy/practice/finish/mind doing sth keep (on) doing sth be busy (in) doing sth have fun doing sth feel like doing sth look forward to doing sth can’t help doing sth
2）give a report“作报告”，make a report“写报告”，have a report“听报告”
6.Just read quickly to get the main ideas at first.(P2)一开始只管快速阅读获取文章大意就可以了。 1）just，副词，“请；只管...就好了”。 Eg. Just come here a moment.
2)at first，“起初；一开始”。 Eg. At first we used hand tools. Later we had machines.
注意：first of all=first，表示顺序，后往往用next，then等 练习：______I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind.
_______, open the windows, the turn off the gas, and if necessary, call an ambulance. 7. Well, be patient.(P2)哦，耐心点。
patient，形容词，“有耐心的”。（1）be patient with sb对某人有耐心； （2）be patient of sth忍耐某事
Eg. We should be patient with our students. You should learn how tjo be patient of pains. 拓展：patient还可作名词，“病人”。
8. The more you read, the faster you’ll be.(P2)你读的越多，你阅读的速度就越快。 “the+比较级...，the+比较级...”，意为“越...越...” Eg. The more you smile, the happier you will feel. 拓展：“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越...”
Eg. The weather becomes colder and colder.
9. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?(P3)为什么魏芬发现学习英语很那？
find+it+adj+to do sth“发现做某事...” Eg. I find it very interesting to learn English.
10. What is the secret to language learning?(P3)语言学习的秘诀是什么？ the secret to...“...的秘诀” eg. Her age is a secret to us all.
11. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.(P3)但是因为我糟糕的发音，我害怕问问题。
1）be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事” eg. I’m afraid to travel by plane. 拓展：be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid of sth/sb害怕某人/某物 I’m afraid that从句，恐怕...
2）because of“因为；由于”，后加名词性短语。
12. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny
movie.(P3)之后有一天，我看了一部名为《玩具总动员》的英文电影。我爱上了这部令人兴奋而有趣的电影！
1）called Toy Story过去分词短语作后置定语，called可换为named，修饰movie。
Eg. That man called Bob is my uncle. 2）fall/be in love with“爱上”
Eg. They fell in love with each other after working together,
13. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning.(P3)尽管我并不能听懂各个角色说的所有台词，但他们的肢体语言和面部表情帮助我理解意思。
1）although“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though，不能与but同时出现在一个句子中。 Eg. Although it rained, the boys still played outside.=It rained, but the boys still played outside. 2）help sb （to）do sth；help sb with sth；help （to） do sth Eg. She often helps me with my English.
14. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.(P3)我发现听有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀。 1）辨析：discover/invent
discove指“发现”原本存在但一直不练习：Recently they _____ gold in this r invent 为人知的东西 area. “发明”出的新的，原本并不Edison ______ the electric light bulb. 存在的东西 Columbus ______America. 2）listening to something interesting是动名词短语，在宾语从句中作主语。动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Eg. Watching TV too much is bad for our eyes.
15. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in the dictionary.(P3)但因为我想弄明白这个故事，所以我就查词典。
1）want“要；想要”，相当于would like，后接名词、代词、动词不定式。 2）look up...in a dictionary“在词典中查询...”
Eg. I don’t know the word. Let’s look it up in the dictionary.
16. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.(P3)我想学习新单词和更多的语法，以便更好地理解英文电影。
so that引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”，相当于in order that...结构。其从句中谓语动词常和can、may、should等情态动词及be able to连用。
Eg. My father bought me a bicycle so that I can go to school quickly.
辨析：so that与so...that so that 引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”；还可引导结果状语从句，“因此；所以” so...that Eg. Please turn on the light so that we can see clearly. I am so tired that I can’t walk any further. Section B
1. I can’t always understand spoken English.我并非总能听懂英语口语。（P5）
not always“不总是；不一定总；未必总”，部分否定。当not与also、all、everything、everyone、everybody等词连用时，表示部分否定。
Eg. People who have a lot of money are not always happy.
2. I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。（P5）
1）how to increase my reading speed是“疑问词+to do”结构，作know的宾语。疑问词what、who、which、when、where、how、why等可以与to do一起构成“疑问词+to do”结果，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或宾补等成分。
Eg. I really don’t know what to write about. 2）increase“增加；增长”常构成短语：
①increase to...“增加到...” eg. The population in this city will increase to 1,000,000. ②increase by...“增加/增长了...” eg. The price of petrol increased by 5%.
3）speed“速度”，at a/the speed of“以...的速度”；at full speed“全速地”；with great speed“快速地”。 Eg. Please drive at a speed of sixty miles an hour.
3. I often make mistakes in grammar.我经常在语法方面犯错误。（P5）
make mistakes in...=make a mistake...“在某方面犯错” Eg. He always make mistakes in spelling the new words.
拓展：mistake作动词，“弄错；误解”。常用短语：mistakes A for B “错把A当作B”。 Eg. The teacher mistook me for my twin brother.老师错把我当成了我的孪生哥哥。 4. I don’t know enough words to write well.我认识的单词不够多，不能把作文写好。（P5）
enough修饰名词，即可位于名词前，也可位于名词后。
enough还可以修饰adj/adv，放于其后。 Eg. It’s warm enough in the room. 拓展：enough+（for+sb）+to do sth“足够...（使...）能做某事”。 Eg. The box is light enough for the boy to carry.
5. Maybe you should join an English club.或许你应该加入英语俱乐部。（P5）
引导结果状语从句，“如此...以至于”