摘 要
本文介绍了顺序输送的特点及顺序输送管道的水力特性。分别从沿程油、局部混油、意外混油三方面对顺序输送管道混油机理进行了全面阐述，对影响混油的因素进行了相关讨论，总结了当今世界上使用范围较广的几种混油界面检测方法。针对现有顺序输送混油模型计算方法所存在的问题，利用流体紊流特性提出了混油模型的简化方式，利用简化模型及费克定律推导出了混油浓度的基本方程，给出了管道终端混油浓度的高斯-勒让德计算方法。经过推导给出了混油量的计算公式，并分别讨论了混油量计算的理论公式与经验公式，同时对理论公式的浓度适用范围的修正系数作了介绍。本文还重点分析了用混油浓度方程确定管道终点的浓度切割方法，以及对混油进行处理的方法；针对其影响混油的因素，提出了减少顺序输送管道混油量的相关预防措施。
关键词：顺序输送管道；混油机理；混油量；混油浓度；预防措施
I
Abstract
This thesis is about the speciality of sequential transportation and the waterpower speciality of sequential transportation pipeline.Expatiate compeletely from three aspects: confused oil along the line、partly confused oil、accidently confused oil,discuss about the factors that affecting the confuse,summarize nowadays widely used methods on mesuring the interface of the confuesed oil.Aimed at the problems exists in the methods of former calculating of sequential transportation at the present,put forward the predigest ways of the confused oil former by using disorderly current speciality of fluid,enduce the essencial equation of confused oil's consistence by using the simplied ways and the Feck Law,present the method of calculating the consistence at the end of the pipeline which is called the Gauss-Lerang method.Present the method of calculating the quality of the confused oil after enducing,and discuss the theory and experience formulas respectly of calculating the quality of the confused oil,at the same time introduce the modified quotiety of the theory formula's consistence extension applied.And the thesis emphasized method about how to confirm the terminal of pipeline which is called cuting consistence method by using the equation of confused oil 's consistence,as to the method how to deal with the confused oil.Aimed at the factors affect the confusing,present the measures to preventing the confuse in sequentiality pipeline.
Key words：order pipeline；mixing machinasm；mixing volune；contaminaied concentration
II
目 录
第1章 概 述.................................................1 1.1国内外成品油管道的发展现状............................. 1 1.2管道顺序输送的目的..................................... 3 1.3研究顺序输送的意义..................................... 4 第2章 混油过程.............................................6 2.1混油过程简要描述...................... .................6 2.2 混油段的发展...........................................7 2.3 混油处理...............................................9 第3章 混油计算.............................................10 3.1 混油机理..............................................10 3.2 混油浓度..............................................12 3.3管道终点混油量的计算........................ ..........20 3.4 变流速情况的混油计算..................................25 3.5 管道终点油罐内的允许混油量............................26 3.6 终点混油段的切割......................................28 3.7 混油界面的跟踪........................................30 3.8 混油界面的检测........................................31 第4章 影响混油的因素及减少混油量措施.......................37 4.1 顺序输送产生油损失的原因..............................37 4.2 减少混油量措施........................................42 结论....................................................... 47 参考文献................................................... 48
III