【英语】非谓语动词考点易错点的总结
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library A．to borrow 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。
B．borrowed
C．to be borrowed
D．borrowing
2．Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up. A．wake B．waken C．to wake D．waking 【答案】D 【解析】
一旦他睡着了，我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，选D。
3． He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A．to act B． to have acted C． acting D．having acted 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析：句型“有人认为..已....”可用It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/has done...结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如：
It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago. 因此B选项正确。
句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。” 考点：考查动词非谓语形式。
4．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career. A．to thank C．having thanked 【答案】A 【解析】
B．thanking D．to have thanked
试题分析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。 考点：考查不定式
【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法，可以做宾语，定语，状语。还有不定式的不同形式：to do；to be doing；to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。
5．(天津) __________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A．To work C．To be working 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。
B．Worked D．Having worked
6．You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm. A．walked C．to walk 【答案】D 【解析】
考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句。 答案： D
B．walk D．walking
7．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________. A．to be heard C．hearing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查不定式的被动语态形式。句意：孩子们在饭桌旁如此大声地说话，以致于我不得不努力使得自己被听到。“struggle to do sth”意思是努力做某事；“hear”和其逻辑主语“I”之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故选A。
B．to have heard D．being heard
8．________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A．Working out C．To work out 【答案】C 【解析】
B．Worked out D．Work out
试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：为了解出那道数学难题，我已经向Russell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语，题干中缺少目的状语，故选C。
【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语？
1）目的状语。To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) 如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：What have I said to make you angry？我说什么让您生气了？He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。
3) 表原因。如：I'm sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。
【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似— Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构，能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。
9．While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty. A．promote C．promoting 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析：本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如“get burnt”被烫伤，get paid获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。句意：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候，Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。
B．promoted D．to promote
10．I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students. A．working C．to work 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
B．work D．worked