第一章 题库所有244道Issue题目的写作提纲
GRE写作Issue问题题库分析与提纲
第一类 社会
2. \ 归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。
Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society. 1. Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society.
2. In democratic countries, when parties and candidates compete for power, the public benefits. 3. Admittedly, when competition gets out of the control of mores and laws, society will suffer. 竞争对于社会的优点和缺点 ------------------------------
3. \that might help future generations.\
与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。
Humanity should take into account both long-term interests and short-term interests when making budgets. 1. Naturally, each generation is most concerned about solving problems that immediately confront them.
2. However, what differentiates human beings from other animals is that humans have a sense of future and are morally
responsible for the well-being of their descendents.
3. Therefore, as beneficiaries of previous generations, each generation should make its own contribution for the
well-being of future generations.
当务之急和百年大计的关系 ------------------------------
9. \Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use.\
近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响到大范围的人群，否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。
The speaker oversimplifies the issue of academic influence on society.
1. It is true that academic disciplines have become so specialized nowadays that some scholar’s seemingly idiosyncratic
ideas only reach a narrow audience.
2. It is also true that social scientists’ failing to reach the large public makes it impossible for their ideas to contribute to
society.
3. Nevertheless, scholars in certain realms are doomed to live in an isolated and purely academic world, which does not
necessarily mean that their ideas will have little use.
过分专业化问题 overspecialization ------------------------------
15. \
一个社会的稳定取决于该社会对人们极端行为所作出的反应。
It is true that how a society copes with the extremes of human behavior largely determines the society’s stability. 1. The extremes of human behavior--such as violence or strikes--usually dictate grave social troubles.
2. One solution to these social problems is suppressing, which proves effective in the short run and counterproductive in
the long run.
3. The most effective way of responding to such problems is constructive communication and sometimes compromise. 抽象型题目
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16. \they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.\
尽管许多人认为现代生活的奢华和便利是丝毫没有坏处的，但是这实际上让人们无法成为真正强大和独立的个体。 Agree
1. Consider first the effect of the automobile on our independence as individuals. In some respects the automobile serves
to enhance such independence.
2. However, we have become slaves to the automobile.
3. Consider next the overall impact of the automobile on our strength as individuals, by which I mean strength of
character, or mettle.
4. In contrast, there is a certain strength of character that comes with eschewing modern conveniences such as cars, and
with the knowledge that one is contributing to a cleaner and quieter environment, a safer neighborhood, and arguably a more genteel society. 社会和个人之发展问题 ------------------------------
17. \even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws.\
有两种法律：公正的和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更应该不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。 Disagree:
1. First, whether a law is just or unjust is rarely a straightforward issue. The fairness of any law depends on one’s
personal value system.
2. The fairness of a law also depends on one’s personal interest, or stake, in the legal issue at hand. 3. Disobeying unjust laws often has the opposite effect of what was intended or hoped for.
4. By justifying a violation of one sort of law we find ourselves on a slippery slope toward sanctioning all types of illegal
behavior, including egregious criminal conduct.
社会和个人之法律公正么？ ------------------------------
19. \
如果一个社会要繁荣就必须将社会整体的成败置于单个社会成员的幸福之上。
Disagree
1. The society is made up of individual citizens; therefore, the development of individual citizens is crucial for the
development of the whole society.
2. A society that ignores the well being of individual citizens is bound to end up in social turmoil or revolution. 少数和多数之成功
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20. \
任何一个国家的政府都应该为孩子而不是为成人建设更多的社会项目和服务。
1. No one would deny the fact that it is in the young generation that lies the future of our society. 2. Therefore, we should attach enough importance to the development of children.
3. However, this does not mean that we can ignore the interests of adults, who make up the major work force of our
society.
孩子和成人之社会建设 ------------------------------
22. \caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals.\
很多人认为只是一些个人或者小团体（比如家庭、朋友、老师、名人）促成了他们的思维和行动。其实一直以来不是一些个人而是社会作为一个整体在定义我们和我们的态度。
1. Individuals and small groups also change our attitudes and minds to a large extent. 2. Everyone influencing us is also influenced the society.
3. Internet is playing an ever more significant role in influencing people’s attitude and values. 少数和多数之定义人生 ------------------------------
23. \so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives.\
现代技术使获得大量细节信息成为可能。其结果是人们全神贯注于七零八碎的信息而很少去注意更大的问题和全局。
1. Access to great deal of information help people get a wider view of an issue, thus help them prevent being limited in
thoughts.
2. Technology helps us pay more attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives.
3. To prevent preoccupation by fragmented information, people should hold right view on information, not to assimilate
all, but to percolate relevant ones from those needing only a glance. 少数和多数之细节信息 ------------------------------
29. \When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy.\
像演员、政治家和运动员这样的公众人物应该预料到大众会对他们的私生活感兴趣。当他们希望受人瞩目的时候就应该至少预期到会失去一些隐私（被大众得知一些隐私）。 Agree:
1. Intense media attention to the lives of public figures raises a presumption in the collective mind of the viewing or
reading public that our public figures’ lives are far more interesting than our own.
2. The media consist of large corporations whose chief objective is to maximize shareholder profit. In pursuit of that
objective, the media are simply giving the public what they demand—a voyeuristic look into the private lives of public figures.
3. Nevertheless, the statement should be qualified in that a political figure has reason to expect privacy than other public
figures.
少数和多数之公众人物的隐私 ------------------------------
33. \that image.\
在当代社会，打造一个引人入胜的外表已经变得比外表下的内容更加重要了。
I agree that image has become a more central concern, at least where short-term business or political success is at stake. Nevertheless, I think that in the longer term image ultimately yields to substance and fact. 1. The important role of image is particularly evident in the business world.
2. The growing significance of image is also evident in the political realm, particularly when it comes to presidential
politics.
3. In the long terms, however, the significance of image wanes considerably.
外表和内容
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36. \
一个人是否伟大是由后人评定的而非他同时代的人。
1. We do not require a rear-view mirror to recognize artistic greatness— whether in music, visual arts, or literature. The
reason for this is simple: art can be judged at face value.
2. In contrast, in the sciences it is difficult to identify greatness without the benefit of historical perspective.
3. In the realm of business, in some cases great achievement is recognizable immediately, while in other cases it is not. 时间先后
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40. \It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem.\
我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。更重要的是关注他们如何追求实现自己的兴趣，无论那些兴趣显得是多么的非同寻常。 Agree:
1. Who is to decide which areas of academic inquiry are worthwhile? Scholars cannot be left to decide; nor can
regulators and legislators.
2. Secondly, by human nature we are motivated to pursue those activities in which we excel.
3. Thirdly, it is “idiosyncratic” and ”unusual” avenues of inquiry that lead to greatest contributions to society. 少数和多数之科学家 ------------------------------
41. \role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.\
研究界的一些非主流领域，比如星象学、占卜术和意念及超自然探索，在社会中起到了很重要的作用，因为它们满足了人们无法从主流科学获得的需求。
1. Admittedly, these non-mainstream areas of inquiry address certain human needs, which mainstream science and other
areas of intellectual inquiry inherently cannot.
2. However, because these pursuits are not rooted in reason, they are favorite pastimes of charlatans and others who
seek to prey on dupes.
3. Furthermore, without any sure way to evaluate the legitimacy of these avenues of inquiry, participants become
vulnerable to self-deception, false hopes, fantastic ideas and even delusions. 少数和多数之非主流学科 ------------------------------
46. \of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation.\
政府、体育界、工业界和其他领域中的一些领导者将他们的成功归因于一种高度的竞争意识，然而一个社会还是应该更好的为那些即将成为领导者的年轻人灌输一种合作的意识。 Agree
1. The chief reason why we should stress cooperation in nurturing young people today is that, as tomorrow’s leaders,
they will face pressing societal problems that simply cannot be solved apart from cooperative international efforts. 2. The second compelling reason for instilling in young people a sense of cooperation over competition is that effective
leadership depends less on the latter than the former.
3. A third reason why instilling a sense of cooperation is to be preferred over instilling a sense of competition is that the
latter serves to narrow a leader’s focus on thwarting the efforts of competitors.
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47. \
社会对于理性还是重视不够，比如推理和认知的能力。
While the speaker might overlook the benefits of nurturing certain emotions and feelings, on balance I agree that it is by way of our heads rather than our hearts that we can best ensure the well-being of our society. 1. 2.
I concede that undue emphasis on cultivating the intellect at the expense of healthy emotions can harm and individual psychologically.
In many other respects, however, emphasizing emotions and de-emphasizing intellect can carry negative, even dangerous, consequences for any society. 3.
The dangers of a de-emphasis on intellect are all too evident in contemporary America.