2014-2015汕头二中高二下期中试卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并将答案涂在答题卡上。
A
I am a vegetarian（素食主义者）. Many people are quick to think of vegetarianism as strange behavior. I treasure our Earth, and since we only have one, we should protect it and the wildlife that lives on it. But that’s only one of the reasons to be a vegetarian.
Vegetarians may live longer, healthier lives. There is a connection between red meat consumption and various diseases. From an economic standpoint, it requires less land, money and energy to produce foods for a vegetarian diet. While there are many benefits to being a vegetarian, only a handful of those who attempt to adopt this lifestyle succeed.
The most important quality required to be a vegetarian is since surrounded by the temptation of meat, we tend to give up vegetarianism easily. Creativity is almost firmness as important as commitment. It’s easy to tire of eating nothing but salad. But with a little creativity and some soy products, almost any meal can become vegetarian-friendly.
Not everyone wants to be vegetarian. Accepting this is part of being a vegetarian with style. Forcing your beliefs on others is disrespectful. Stylish vegetarians should also be able to turn down a meaty dish politely without annoying their hosts.
Being a successful vegetarian has been easy for me, but it may not be so for others. A common mistake is quitting before your body has adjusted to the change. It can be difficult to keep the lifestyle in the beginning because of temptation. However, it fades over time. Another common mistake is quitting because you’ve been misinformed about the nutritional wisdom of being a vegetarian. That’s why it is vital to be educated. Countless people will tell you that it’s impossible to obtain the nutrients and protein（蛋白质）your body requires without meat, but they are incorrect. People actually need only 44-55 grams of protein a day, and that is easily found in a vegetarian diet. Many meat eaters are consuming three times that amount, which is not beneficial. It leads to diseases. Vegetables can also supply all the vitamins, minerals and nutrients your body needs. However, if you’re still not convinced, you can take a multi-vitamin.
1. According to the passage, being a vegetarian helps ______. A. protect the wildlife
B. free people from diseases D. develop a better economy
C. rid people from strange behaviors
2. What’s the underlined word temptation in Paragraph 3 closest in meaning to? A. Unpleasant taste B. Extreme attractionC. Great consumptionD. Significant importance 3. Stylish vegetarians do not ______. A. force others to be vegetarians C. turn down hosts gracefully
B. respect other people’s beliefs D. refuse an offer of meat
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Many people give up before their bodies can adjust to the transition. B. Many people quit because they’re poorly educated about nutrition. C. Consuming 150 grams protein a day can be harmful. D. Vegetarians need multi-vitamins to keep healthy. 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Reasons why the author became a vegetarian. B. Important qualities required to be a vegetarian. C. Advantages and disadvantages of being a vegetarian. D. Common mistakes on the way to being a vegetarian.
B
Over three million people are at risk from indoor air pollution because of the heating or cooking fuels. Most
live in Africa, India and China. They use fuels like wood, crop waste, animal waste or coal. These fuels may be the least costly fuels. But they are also a major cause of health problems and death.
For more than thirty years, the Aprovecho Research Center has been designing cleaner, low-cost cooking stoves. Dean Still is the director of the group and he points out that every year more than one million and five hundred thousand people die from breathing smoke from solid fuels. “And half of the people use wood for cooking. These are the poorer people, and the richer people use oil and gas. It’s estimated that wood is running out more quickly than oil and gas. And so it’s very important for the poorer people to have very efficient stoves that protect their forests and their health,” he says.
Every year Aprovecho holds a “stove camp” at its testing station. Engineers, inventors and others come together to design and test different methods and materials for improving stoves. Over the years, the group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, etc, most of which look like large, deep cooking pots and have an opening at the bottom for the fire and a place on top to put a pot.
In the late nineteen seventies, Aprovecho produced a popular stove called the Lorena. The Lorena was very good at reducing smoke and warming homes. But new tests years later found that it was not very efficient. The
Lorena used twice as much wood as an open fire, and took much longer to heat food. Since then, Dean Still says they have experimented with countless other designs.
Aprovecho has partnered with a stove manufacturer（制造商）in China. The company is making Aprovecho’s stoves. They are said to use forty percent to fifty percent less wood than an open fire, and produce fifty percent to seventy-five percent less smoke. A company is selling them through its website for less than ten dollars. Dean Still says that more than one hundred thousand have been sold so far. 6. What’s your opinion about the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To lay the foundations of introducing cooking stoves. B. To show the fact of many people’s suffering from air pollution. C. To let readers know the poverty of some developing countries. D. To introduce cheap fuels available to poor people.
7. What do Dean Still’s words imply?
A. The forests will disappear from the earth
B. The poor should be forbidden to cut down the forests
C. It’s urgent to change the present situation of using fuels D. Using fuels such as gas and oil cannot cause deaths
8. People hold the stove camp every year in order to ______.
A. encourage people to find new fuels B. test different methods for improving stoves
C. find new ways of designing beautiful stoves
D. celebrate the invention of the best efficient cooking equipment 9. What’s your assessment on the popular stove called the Lorena?
A. Energy-saving. B. Very compact. C. Smokeless. D. Less efficient.
10. The best title of the text is ___________.
A. How to make full use of fuels? B. Breathing easier: the art of stove making
C. Health problems related to cooking fuels D. Environmental improvement needs everybody’s effort
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并将答案涂在答题卡上。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is well known that the Frenchmen are romantic, the Italians are fashionable and the Germans are serious. Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? And if there is, can it affect how a