化工原理考试题及答案2

dstandardizationofsafetyproduction,andstrivetoachieve\nsicallysafe\ethpitsafetysectionandisaunitofsecurityofficersresponsibleforminesafetydutiesandsupervisetheimplementationofthefollow-upto,andimplementationofthesystem,prosecution.PartImanagementsystems...Youcanusebrazierswhen,2--3metersfromthegroundandputthefireoutbeforethework,confirmthenofirebeforetheycanleave;Highway11non-staffinthemarginwithin50m,radiusoftheexcavationwork,andworkingwithin6metresoftheedgeandstayundertheumbrellaheading;12,blastingintothepitpersonnelmustfollowtheshootingguard'scommand,hidetosafety;13non-miningvehicles(includingbicycles,animal-drawnvehicle,motorvehicles,etc)willbebannedfromenteringthepitsandotherproductionareaonpainofheavyfines,resultinginaccidentstobeinvestigatedforresponsibility;14shootingthefollowingmechanicalsafetydistancesasfollows:categorynamemechanicalcannonsshallowholesandpopshootingexposedblastingunits:metersdiggingmachinerigcargunpowderotherequipment-pitequipment,especiallyanelectricalswitchandavarietyofsafetydevices,inadditiontospecifyingtheuseofresponsiblepersonnel,bananytouchingofotherpersonnel;16foundthatpowerlinesorcablesbreakinggroundbeforewithoutascertainingwhetherthecharged,prohibitsanyonefromtouching,andshouldleave5metersaway,andimmediatelynotifythepersonchecking;17withouttheleadership'sconsent,arenotallowedtotakethestrippedtrucks,watertankers,oiltankers,asaresultofthecau

化工原理考试题及答案

一.填空题

1.(5分) 题号:6062 第6章 知识点:231 难度:中等

某二元物系的相对挥发度α=3,在具有理论板的精馏塔内于全回流条件下作精馏塔操作,已知x0.3,则y

*****答案***** yαx/(1+(α-1)x3×0.3/(1+2×0.3) =0.563 xy0.563 y3×0.563/(1+2×0.563)=0.794

2.(3分) 题号:6061 第6章 知识点:230 难度:较难 连续精馏过程的进料热状态有____种。已知q=1.1,则加料中液体量与总加料量之比是_____。理论板图解时,在F、 xxq、xR,操作压力P等参数中与______无关。

*****答案*****

五 1∶1 F3.(4分) 题号:7054 第7章 知识点:120 难度:中等 含SO10%(体积)的气体混合物与浓度C为0.020kmol.mSO个大气压下相接触。操作条件下两相的平衡关系为p1.62C(大气压) ,则SO___相向___相转移,以气相组成表示的传质总推动力为____大气压.

*****答案*****

p=0.1atm p1.62×0.02=0.0324atm 从气相向液相转移 Δp=0.0676atm

4.(3分) 题号:7042 第7章 知识点:200 难度:中等 扩散速率的费克定律公式是______,式中每项_____ ____________________。

*****答案*****

J=-Ddc/dz,JA的扩散通量kmol/(ms ) D扩散系数m/s, dc/dz组分的浓度梯度kmol/m

5.(2分) 题号:7057 第7章 知识点:300 难度:中等

吸收过程物料衡算时的基本假定是: (1)____________________

___________________。 (2)___________________________。

*****答案*****

⑴气相中惰性气体不溶于液相 ⑵吸收剂不挥发

6.(5分) 题号:7060 第7章 知识点:120 难度:较难

dstandardizationofsafetyproduction,andstrivetoachieve\nsicallysafe\safetysectionandisaunitofsecurityofficersresponsibleforminesafetydutiesandsupervisetheimplementationofthefollow-upto,andimplementationofthesystem,prosecution.PartImanagementsystems...Youcanusebrazierswhen,2--3metersfromthegroundandputthefireoutbeforethework,confirmthenofirebeforetheycanleave;Highway11non-staffinthemarginwithin50m,radiusoftheexcavationwork,andworkingwithin6metresoftheedgeandstayundertheumbrellaheading;12,blastingintothepitpersonnelmustfollowtheshootingguard'scommand,hidetosafety;13non-miningvehicles(includingbicycles,animal-drawnvehicle,motorvehicles,etc)willbebannedfromenteringthepitsandotherproductionareaonpainofheavyfines,resultinginaccidentstobeinvestigatedforresponsibility;14shootingthefollowingmechanicalsafetydistancesasfollows:categorynamemechanicalcannonsshallowholesandpopshootingexposedblastingunits:metersdiggingmachinerigcargunpowderotherequipment-pitequipment,especiallyanelectricalswitchandavarietyofsafetydevices,inadditiontospecifyingtheuseofresponsiblepersonnel,bananytouchingofotherpersonnel;16foundthatpowerlinesorcablesbreakinggroundbeforewithoutascertainingwhetherthecharged,prohibitsanyonefromtouching,andshouldleave5metersaway,andimmediatelynotifythepersonchecking;17withouttheleadership'sconsent,arenotallowedtotakethestrippedtrucks,watertankers,oiltankers,asaresultofthecau 含溶质A 摩尔分率为x=0.2的溶液与压力为 2atm,y=0.15的气体等温接触(此条件下的平衡关系为:p=1.2x 则此时将发生_____过程。用气相组成和液相组成表示的总传质推动力分别为△y=_____, △x=_____(摩尔分率)。如系统温度略有增高,则△y将_____。如系统总压略有增高,则△x将_____。

*****答案*****

因为 p=Ex ;y=(E/p)x;所以m=1.2/2=0.6 y=0.6×0.2=0.12 ;y-y=0.15-0.12=0.03 x=0.15/0.6=0.25 ;x-x=0.25-0.2=0.05 若 p↑,m↓,xΔx↑,故:吸收;0.03,0.05,减 少,增加

7.(2分) 题号:8050 第8章 知识点:100 难度:较难 测定空气中的水汽分压的实验方法是测量_______.

*****答案***** 露点。

二.选择题

1.(2分) 题号:6133 第6章 知识点:100 难度:较难

精馏中引入回流,下降的液相与上升的汽相发生传质使上升的汽相易挥发组分浓度提高,最恰当的说法是( )。

A. 液相中易挥发组分进入汽相; B. 汽相中难挥发组分进入液相;

C. 液相中易挥发组分和难挥发组分同时进入汽相,但其中易挥发组分较多; D. 液相中易挥发组分进入汽相和汽相中难挥发组分进入液相的现象同时发生。

*****答案***** D.

2.(2分) 题号:7114 第7章 知识点:200 难度:较难

在吸收塔某处, 气相主体浓度y=0.025,液相主体浓度x=0.01,气相传质分系数k=2kmol.m.h 气相总传质系数K=1.5kmol.m.hy

),平衡关系y=0.5x。

A. 0.02 B. 0.01 C. 0.015 D. 0.005

*****答案*****

y=0.5×0.01=0.005 N=Ky-y=ky-y 1.5(0.025-0.005)=2(0.025-y ∴y=0.01

3.(2分) 题号:8097 第8章 知识点:100 难度:中等

将不饱和的空气在总压和湿度不变的情况下进行冷却而达到饱和时的温度,称为湿空气的( )。

A. 湿球温度; B. 绝热饱和温度; C. 露点

dstandardizationofsafetyproduction,andstrivetoachieve\nsicallysafe\safetysectionandisaunitofsecurityofficersresponsibleforminesafetydutiesandsupervisetheimplementationofthefollow-upto,andimplementationofthesystem,prosecution.PartImanagementsystems...Youcanusebrazierswhen,2--3metersfromthegroundandputthefireoutbeforethework,confirmthenofirebeforetheycanleave;Highway11non-staffinthemarginwithin50m,radiusoftheexcavationwork,andworkingwithin6metresoftheedgeandstayundertheumbrellaheading;12,blastingintothepitpersonnelmustfollowtheshootingguard'scommand,hidetosafety;13non-miningvehicles(includingbicycles,animal-drawnvehicle,motorvehicles,etc)willbebannedfromenteringthepitsandotherproductionareaonpainofheavyfines,resultinginaccidentstobeinvestigatedforresponsibility;14shootingthefollowingmechanicalsafetydistancesasfollows:categorynamemechanicalcannonsshallowholesandpopshootingexposedblastingunits:metersdiggingmachinerigcargunpowderotherequipment-pitequipment,especiallyanelectricalswitchandavarietyofsafetydevices,inadditiontospecifyingtheuseofresponsiblepersonnel,bananytouchingofotherpersonnel;16foundthatpowerlinesorcablesbreakinggroundbeforewithoutascertainingwhetherthecharged,prohibitsanyonefromtouching,andshouldleave5metersaway,andimmediatelynotifythepersonchecking;17withouttheleadership'sconsent,arenotallowedtotakethestrippedtrucks,watertankers,oiltankers,asaresultofthecau

*****答案***** C

三.判断题

四.问答题

1.(6分) 题号:8197 第8章 知识点:120 难度:中等

在湿度图或焓湿图上示意标出新鲜空气经预热再等焓干燥的过程线。若废气与新鲜气按1:1混合使用,示意标出新的预热线和干燥线。

*****答案*****

预热 A-B 干燥 B-C(等焓) 混合气D,预热DE,干燥EC。 焓湿图略

2.(12分) 题号:8189 第8章 知识点:230 难度:较难 干燥器出口空气的湿度增大(或温度降低)对干燥操作和产品质量有何影响?并说明理由。

*****答案***** 若H

在气流出干燥室进净化装置时,由于温度↓,有可能达到露点温度,会使净化装置收集的物料反潮。另外从 GdZ/Adτ=K(Hs'-H)式中可知,若HH)↑,则干燥的推动力△H=(HS'-H)会减小,使U=GdZ/Adτ↓(不利干燥),这样又延长了干燥时间,造成产量↓或设备尺寸↑。

五.计算题

1.(14分) 题号:6293 第6章 知识点:120 难度:中等

用常压连续精馏塔,来分离某二元理想混合液。进料为汽-液混合物进料,经分析测得:进料中汽相组成为0.59,进料中液相组成为0.365,料液平均组成为x0.44要求塔顶馏出液组成为0.957(以上均为易挥发组分的摩尔分率),试求: 1.该二元理想混合液的平衡线方程。

2.此种操作的进料线方程。 3.此种分离要求的最小回流比。

*****答案*****

(1) y=αX/(1+(α-1)X* ) α=2.5

y=2.5X/(1+1.5X)

(2) qFX+(1-q)Fy=FX q=0.667

y=(0.667/(0.667-1))X-(0.44/(0.667-1))=-2X+1.32 (3) y=-2X+1.32 (A) y=2.5X/(1+1.5X) (B) 联立(A)、(B)得:X=0.365 y=0.59

联系客服:779662525#qq.com(#替换为@) 苏ICP备20003344号-4