高一英语翻译的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)
2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate) 3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) 4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)
5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)
【答案】
1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year.
2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 3．After years of / years’ construction, the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it
used to be before the earthquake.
4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.
5．No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization. 【解析】
1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself
2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth
3．根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。
4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb
5．no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。
2．高中英语翻译题：翻译句子
1．只有当我们了解了不同的肢体语言我们才可以很好地跟人们交流。(only＋状语从句) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．这就是我们未来的生活。(what引导的名词性从句)
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1． Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with
them.
2． This is what our life will be like in the future. 【解析】 【分析】
本大题为根据括号内的要求把汉语句子翻译成英语。翻译时尽可能地精确，按照要求翻译还要注意某些特殊的语法项目。如倒装句式等。
1．考查倒装句式。本大题要求用only+状语从句来翻译。Only+状语从句置于句首，主句要部分倒装。因此本句要翻译成部分倒装。同时要注意运用短语如肢体语言可译成“body languages”， 与某人交流可译为“ communicate with”。因此本句可译为Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them。
2．考查由what引导的名词从句。分析句子可知，本句是一个表语从句，表语从句中的介词like缺少宾语，可用what引导。因此本句可译为：This is what our life will be like in the future.
3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect) _________________________
2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) _________________________
3．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable) _________________________
4．据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It) _________________________
【答案】
1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.
3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves. 【解析】 【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。
1．考查非谓语动词。affect表示“影响”，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，stay up表示“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．考查时态语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的时间时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语
态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 3．考查固定句式。be capable of表示“能够”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．考查形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表示“做……的能力”，根据提示词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.
4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。（prove) 2．对国家来说，保护生态环境和保持经济增长同样重要。（as...as) 3．如果有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！（involve)
4．这本新发行的杂志不仅会影响青少年对时尚的看法，还会开启健康饮食的新潮流。(Not only)
【答案】
1．The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective.
2．For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth. 3．How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.
4．Not only will the newly-released magazine influence teenager's opinions on fashion, but also it will start a new trend towards a healthy diet. 【解析】 【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的要求翻译。
1．考查非谓语动词和prove的用法。The method 与recommend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，prove用作连系动词，prove(to be)+adj表示“（被）证明是……的”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective
2．考查非谓语动词和as...as的用法。根据句意可知本句用动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，as+adj+表示“同……一样……”，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：For/To a country, protecting the environment is as important as maintaining economic growth. 3．考查感叹句和条件状语从句。根据句意可知本句用how+adj+it is形式的感叹句，同时用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，be involved in表示“参与”，故翻译为：How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.
4．考查倒装。not only…but also表示“不但……而且”，注意not only 和 but also后面都有主谓结构时，如果not only位于第一分句主语之前，则该分句要部分倒装；后一个分句，即