摘 要
我国的车辆工业与世界其他先进国家相比，还比较落后，虽然从国外引进了许多新产品、新技术，但是离全面掌握核心技术还有很长的差距。本设计主要以当前比较常见的小轿车汽车技术参数为依据，对其进行膜片弹簧离合器设计。希望能使自己对离合器的自主开发能力及产品设计水平得到一定的提高。
现代汽车摩擦离合器在设计中根据车型的类别，使用要求，与发动机的匹配要求，制造条件以及标准化、通用化、系列化要求等，合理地设计离合器总成的结构显的尤为重要。本文研究了离合器的结构知识、设计理念及方法等。并且对离合器及其操纵机构的主要零件进行了详细的设计计算，其中重点研究了膜片弹簧、扭转减振器和摩擦片的设计方法、思路、理论。对结构元件分析、主要参数及零件载荷的确定、强度计算方法都有详细的介绍。
这次的设计，可以对原有离合器的设计提出优化和修改的建议，对其以后的设计过程起参考作用。通过这次设计达到了优化改进原有离合器，提高该型汽车使用性，舒适性，并提高了汽车的工作效率的目的。
关键词：离合器；膜片弹簧；摩擦片；操纵机构；设计
1
ABSTRACT
Vehicle industry in China, compared with other advanced countries in the world is still relatively backward, although many new products, new technologies introduced from abroad, but from a comprehensive grasp core technology still is mainly to the current common car auto technology parameters as the basis, carries on the diaphragm spring clutch design. Hope to be able to make their independent development ability and product design of clutch level be improved.
Hyundai motor friction clutch according to the category of vehicles in the design, application requirements, and engine matching requirements, manufacturing conditions and the requirements on standardization, generalization and seriation, reasonable design the structure of the clutch assembly is particularly important. This paper studies the clutch of knowledge structure, design idea and method, etc. And main parts of the clutch and its operating mechanism the detailed design and calculation, which focuses on the design of the diaphragm spring, torsion damper and friction plate method, train of thought and theory. Analysis of structural components, the determination of main parameters and parts load, strength calculation method are detailed introduction.
The design, can the original clutch design optimization and modification Suggestions, plays a role of reference of the design process in the future. Through this design achieved by improving the original clutch, improve the type of car use, comfort, and improve the efficiency of the car.
Key words: clutch; Diaphragm spring. Friction slices. Operating mechanism; design
2
目录
第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
1.1 前言 ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 雪佛兰新赛欧1.4L介绍 .................................................................................................. 7 1.3课程设计目的 .................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 设计要求 .......................................................................................................................... 9 第二章 离合器方案的确定........................................................................................................... 11
2.1 方案选择 ......................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.1从动盘数的选择：单片离合器 ............................................................................ 11 2.1.2压紧弹簧和布置形式的选择：推式膜片弹簧离合器 ........................................ 11 2.1.3膜片弹簧的支撑形式选择：双支承环形式 ........................................................ 13 2.1.4 扭转减振器........................................................................................................... 13 2.1.5膜片弹簧离合器的工作原理 ................................................................................ 13
第三章 离合器基本参数的确定 ................................................................................................... 14
3.1 后备系数β ..................................................................................................................... 14 3.2 单位压力P0 ..................................................................................................................... 15 3.3 摩擦片外径D、内径d和厚度b .................................................................................. 16 3.4 摩擦因数f、摩擦面数Z和离合器间隙△t ................................................................. 17 第四章 离合器基本参数的优化 ................................................................................................... 19
4.1 摩擦片外径D（mm） ................................................................................................... 19 4.2 摩擦片的内、外径比c ................................................................................................... 19 4.3 后备系数β ..................................................................................................................... 19 4.4 摩擦片内径d .................................................................................................................. 19 4.5单位摩擦面积传递的转矩Tco ........................................................................................ 19 4.7离合器单位摩擦面积滑磨功
? ..................................................................................... 20
第五章 离合器零件的结构选型及设计 ....................................................................................... 21
5.1 从动盘总成设计.............................................................................................................. 21
5.1.1 从动盘总成的结构型式的选择 ........................................................................... 21 5.1.2 从动片结构型式的选择 ....................................................................................... 21 5.1.3 从动盘毂的设计 ................................................................................................... 21 5.2 离合器盖总成设计.......................................................................................................... 24
5.2.1 离合器盖设计 ....................................................................................................... 24
3