高斯混合模型GMM实现 matlab (1)以下matlab代码实现了高斯混合模型:
function [Alpha, Mu, Sigma] = GMM_EM(Data, Alpha0, Mu0, Sigma0) %% EM 迭代停止条件 loglik_threshold = 1e-10; %% 初始化参数
[dim, N] = size(Data); M = size(Mu0,2);
loglik_old = -realmax; nbStep = 0;
Mu = Mu0;
Sigma = Sigma0; Alpha = Alpha0; Epsilon = 0.0001;
while (nbStep < 1200) nbStep = nbStep+1;
%% E-步骤 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% for i=1:M
% PDF of each point
Pxi(:,i) = GaussPDF(Data, Mu(:,i), Sigma(:,:,i)); end
% 计算后验概率 beta(i|x)
Pix_tmp = repmat(Alpha,[N 1]).*Pxi;
Pix = Pix_tmp ./ (repmat(sum(Pix_tmp,2),[1 M])+realmin); Beta = sum(Pix);
%% M-步骤 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% for i=1:M
% 更新权值
Alpha(i) = Beta(i) / N;
% 更新均值
Mu(:,i) = Data*Pix(:,i) / Beta(i);
% 更新方差
Data_tmp1 = Data - repmat(Mu(:,i),1,N);
Sigma(:,:,i) = (repmat(Pix(:,i)',dim, 1) .* Data_tmp1*Data_tmp1') / Beta(i); %% Add a tiny variance to avoid numerical instability Sigma(:,:,i) = Sigma(:,:,i) + 1E-5.*diag(ones(dim,1)); end
% %% Stopping criterion 1 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % for i=1:M
%Compute the new probability p(x|i)
% Pxi(:,i) = GaussPDF(Data, Mu(:,i), Sigma(i)); % end
%Compute the log likelihood % F = Pxi*Alpha';
% F(find(F %Stop the process depending on the increase of the log likelihood % if abs((loglik/loglik_old)-1) < loglik_threshold % break; % end % loglik_old = loglik; %% Stopping criterion 2 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% v = [sum(abs(Mu - Mu0)), abs(Alpha - Alpha0)]; s = abs(Sigma-Sigma0); v2 = 0; for i=1:M v2 = v2 + det(s(:,:,i)); end if ((sum(v) + v2) < Epsilon) break; end Mu0 = Mu; Sigma0 = Sigma; Alpha0 = Alpha; end nbStep (2)以下代码根据高斯分布函数计算每组数据的概率密度,被GMM_EM函数所调用 function prob = GaussPDF(Data, Mu, Sigma) % % 根据高斯分布函数计算每组数据的概率密度 Probability Density Function (PDF) % 输入 ----------------------------------------------------------------- % o Data: D x N ,N个D维数据 % o Mu: D x 1 ,M个Gauss模型的中心初始值 % o Sigma: M x M ,每个Gauss模型的方差(假设每个方差矩阵都是对角阵, % 即一个数和单位矩阵的乘积) % Outputs ---------------------------------------------------------------- % o prob: 1 x N array representing the probabilities for the % N datapoints. [dim,N] = size(Data); Data = Data' - repmat(Mu',N,1); prob = sum((Data*inv(Sigma)).*Data, 2); prob = exp(-0.5*prob) / sqrt((2*pi)^dim * (abs(det(Sigma))+realmin)); (3)以下是演示代码demo1.m % 高斯混合模型参数估计示例 (基于 EM 算法) % 2010 年 11 月 9 日 [data, mu, var, weight] = CreateSample(M, dim, N); // 生成测试数据 [Alpha, Mu, Sigma] = GMM_EM(Data, Priors, Mu, Sigma) (4)以下是测试数据生成函数,为demo1.m所调用: function [data, mu, var, weight] = CreateSample(M, dim, N) % 生成实验样本集,由M组正态分布的数据构成 % % GMM模型的原理就是仅根据数据估计参数:每组正态分布的均值、方差, % 以及每个正态分布函数在GMM的权重alpha。 % 在本函数中,这些参数均为随机生成, % % 输入 % M : 高斯函数个数 % dim : 数据维数 % N : 数据总个数 % 返回值 % data : dim-by-N, 每列为一个数据 % miu : dim-by-M, 每组样本的均值,由本函数随机生成 % var : 1-by-M, 均方差,由本函数随机生成 % weight: 1-by-M, 每组的权值,由本函数随机生成 % ----------------------------------------------------