主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite (钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板，故B项正确。
【点睛】科普说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，抓住具有转折关系的句子是关键，因为转折连词往往会引出文章主题，例如本篇第4题，文章第一句说太阳能助力实现能源更加清洁的未来，但是刚性太阳能电池板的安装位置是有限制的，这个转折句引出文章主题——有一种新型的柔性电池板，它是由钙钛矿构成的，它没有安装的限制，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板。
D
We’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.
That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.
The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.
So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to convince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.
Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media.
Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle. 32. What’s the result of the research?
A. Written words are more logical and reasonable. B. People prefer to communicate with key board.
C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it. D. Oral, not written, communication works better. 33. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3? A. To introduce the topic for discussion. B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research. D. To introduce the politician’s speech.
34. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean? A. Wise.
B. Practical.
C. Silly.
D. Special.
35. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message. B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation. C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person. D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个研究发现：与意见不同的人交流的最好的方法并非是书面交流，而是当面交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.”可知，研究小组发现，相比观看或聆听交流者的参与者来说，阅读文字的参与者更容易有抵触情绪，也就是说口头沟通比书面沟通更好，故D项正确。 【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician.”可知，Schroeder的研究灵感来自于一篇关于一位政治家的报纸文章，由此可知，第三段提到政治家就是为了解释为什么Schroeder开展这项研究，故C项正确。 【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”，故C项正确。 【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.”可知，推特有限的文字限制和社交媒体注意力的短暂，使得争论你的观点成为一场艰苦的战斗，由此可知，社交媒体的局限性使你很难解释你的观点，故B项正确。
【点睛】在词义猜测题的解题过程中，画线词前后具有转折关系的连词往往是解题的重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词后的“but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable”可知，这位政治家看起来好像很白痴，但当他听到这些句子时，政治家说得很有道理，but一词表明画线词的意思与reasonable（合理的）相反，由此可知画线词词义为“愚蠢的”。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who knows me well would see me as an optimist. ___36___ This was the case for me on a particularly cold January day.
I felt exhausted by the painful challenges I was dealing with in my personal life. ___37___—The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.
About midway through the day, I left work to get some lunch. Still feeling negative, I noticed that the sun had come out for a moment. I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind. ___38___ Even though I reminded myself of this truth, I couldn’t make the change.
As I stopped at a red light, I looked at the car in front of mine. The personalized license plate caught my eye — It read “SUNZOUT”. This brought an immediate smile to my face. ___39___ And in the midst of the longest, darkest, coldest winter, this in itself was a blessing. But then my eyes moved to the car that was next to the SUNZOUT vehicle. The license plate on that car read uGROUCH,\\ This brought more than a smile to my face as I laughed out loud! Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude. ___40___
I returned to work and share my story with several co-workers who responded with warm laughter at what I refer to as my “message from beyond”. I learned that day that when we’re feeling too discouraged to bring ourselves out of an active state, relief is only a prayer away! A. The weather seemed to match my mood
B. Pessimists think the opposite way, however.
C. However, even optimists can temporarily lose hope.
D. It felt like a reminder that the sun was shining after all.
E. Do you think that the sunshine will spread throughout your life?
F. I felt my spirit lift as I made the decision to choose a positive attitude.
G. While I could not ignore the pain I was going through, I could choose to think positively. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. G 39. D 40. F 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己有一天情绪低落，当看到两个截然相反的个性车牌时心情转变的故事。 【36题详解】
前一句说任何了解我的人都会认为我是一个乐观主义者，后一句又说在一个寒冷的一月里我就是这样，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故C项（即使是乐观主义者也可能暂时失去希望）符合语境。 【37题详解】
根据本空后的“The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.”可知，灰暗的天空甚至没有一缕阳光，故