代词教案

标题: 代词考点讲解和训练

授课教师: 学生签字: 上课时间: 年 月 日 至 段( 次) 学校: 年级: 学科: 一、考点分析 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法; 2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法; 3. 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法; 4. 常见不定代词的一般用法; 5. 指示代词的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法; 6. 相互代词的基本用法; 7. 疑问代词的基本用法。 8. 关系代词的基本用法。 9. 了解连接代词 二、学情分析 三、教学过程 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为九种:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词。 一. 人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。 主格 人称代词 宾格 me you him her it I you 单数 he she it we us 复数 you you they them 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如: I like table tennis. (作主语) Do you know him?(作宾语) 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如: ---Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如: He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二. 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词,如下表所示。 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 mine yours his hers its 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如: Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. my your his her its ours yours theirs our your their 1

3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语) --- Is this English-book yours? (作表语) --- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语) 三. 指示代词 指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如: This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time. 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物,例如: I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English. 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替,例如: Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。例如: Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 四. 反身代词 英语中用来表示\我自己\,\你自己\,\他自己\,\我们自己\,\你们自己\等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。 反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。 1. 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人 或一些人。 He called himself a writer. Would you please express yourself in English? 2. 作表语。 It doesn't matter.I'll be myself soon. The girl in the news is myself. 3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语) You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语) 五. 不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表 语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下: 1. some与any的区别 1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. 2

. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。 If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea? 3)any和some也可以作代词用,表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中,some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I can't see any. If you have no money, I'll lend you some. 注意:与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法,大致和some, any的用法相同。 2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1)用作形容词: 含义 用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词 表示肯定 a few虽少,但有几个 a little,虽少,但有一点 表示否定 few不多,几乎没有 little不多,没有什么 I'm going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them. 2)a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示“有点,稍微”,little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) She slept very little last night. 3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。 用 法 不定 特定 1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别 的”。 Where are his other books? I haven't any other books except this one. 2)other也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成“the other”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3)other作代词用时,可以有复数“others”,泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 4)“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。

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代名词 单数 another 另一个 the other 另一个 复数 others 别人,其他人 the others 其余那些人、物 单数 another (boy) 另一个(男孩) the other (boy) 另一个男孩 形容词 复数 other (boys) 其他男孩 the other (boys) 其余那些男孩

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