摘 要
随着可编程控制器（PLC）在工业控制领域的广泛应用，及传统的控制技术的不断更新。本文依据PLC为主要部件设计完成了全自动洗衣机的控制系统。该控制系统的工作流程主要由进水、洗涤、排水、脱水4个步骤组成，在本控制系统中4个步骤依次运行直至洗衣结束。所采用的控制方法操作简单、稳定可靠、维护与维修方便。控制方法确定后投入生产要缩短控制系统的设计的时间、调试周期，且要降低成本。根据洗衣机的工作原理从而对程序及其流程进行了设计,该系统具有智能化程度高、安全可靠和运行稳定等特点。
同时本文介绍了全自动洗衣机的控制系统的PLC设计方法、程序流程图、系统结构图、程序指令、梯形图等，实现全自动洗衣过程。在系统资源分配中给出了详细的I/O地址分配及辅助继电器，是程序设计的基础，设计出的全自动洗衣机控制系统中克服了单片机的缺点，具有PLC可靠性高，耗电少，硬件简单，运行速度高等优点。
关键词：PLC 自动控制 洗衣机
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Abstract
With the programmable logic controller (PLC) is widely used in industrial control field, and constantly updated traditional control technology. In this paper, the main components of the design basis for PLC completed the automatic washing machine control system. The workflow control system is mainly composed of water, washing, draining, dewatering four steps, in the present control system in four steps in sequence until the laundry operation ends. Control method used is simple, reliable, easy to maintain and repair. After determining the control method to shorten production time control system design, debug cycle, and to reduce costs.
Meanwhile article describes the design method PLC control system, automatic washing machine, program flow, the system structure, program instructions, ladder, etc., to achieve automatic laundry process. The allocation of resources in the system are given in detail in the I / O address assignment and auxiliary relays, is the basis for program design, design a fully automatic washing machine control system to overcome the shortcomings of the microcontroller, PLC with high reliability, low power consumption, simple hardware, operating speed advantages.
Keywords: PLC The automatic control The washing machine
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目 录
摘 要 .................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................. II 目 录 .................................................................. III 引 言 .................................................................... 1 1 课题背景及意义 .......................................................... 2 1.1洗衣机发展概况和现状 .................................................. 2 1.2研究的目的和意义 ...................................................... 3 2 可编程序控制技术 ........................................................ 4
2.1 PLC的定义 ........................................................... 4 2.2 PLC的硬件结构 ....................................................... 4 2.3 PLC的基本工作原理 ................................................... 5
2.3.1基本工作模式 .................................................. 5 2.3.2 PLC工作过程 .................................................. 5 2.4 PLC工作方式与特点 ................................................... 6 3 全自动洗衣机的控制系统的设计方法 ........................................ 7
3.1全自动洗衣机的控制系统工作原理 ....................................... 7 3.2控制系统结构 ......................................................... 8
3.2.1电动机及传动系统 .............................................. 9 3.2.2 进水和排水系统 .............................................. 9 3.2.3检测电路系统 .................................................. 9 3.3全自动洗衣机的控制系统功能 .......................................... 10 3.4全自动洗衣机的控制要求 .............................................. 11 4 硬件设计及I/O分配 ..................................................... 12
4.1 硬件设计结构连线图 ................................................ 12 4.2可编程控制器I/O口分配 .............................................. 13 4.3 可编程控制器的指令程序表 ........................................... 14 4.4系统梯形图 .......................................................... 15 结 束 语 ................................................................. 16 参 考 资 料 .............................................................. 17 致 谢 .................................................................... 18
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