该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。如： 1.The boy followed the nobleman here, ___________.
A.a sword in hand B.a sword in his hand B.Being a sword in hand D.sword in hand 2.The boy followed the nobleman here ___________.
A.with a sword in his hand B.with a sword in hand C.with a sword being in hand D.a sword being in hand
3.He left the office, __________.
A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes C.being tears in eyes D.with tears being in eyes
4.He left the office __________.
A.with tears being in eyes B.with tears in her eyes C.being tears in eyes D.tears being in eyes
二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分： 1、原因状语
该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如： 1.________ no bus, we had to walk home.
A.There being B.As there was C.There was D.A and B 2._________Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B
3.____________, I had to ask for two days’ leave.
A.Mother being ill B.Bother ill C.As mother was ill D. A,B and C 4.____________, we have to work late into the night.
A.The exam near B.The exam being near C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C 2、时间状语
独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句。如：
1.__________, the train started.
A.The signal given B.After the signal was given C.Given the signal D.A and B 2.__________, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. New words explained B.When new words were explained C.When teacher explained new words D.all above 3、条件状语
独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如： 1.___________, we'll go to visit the Great Wall.
A.Weather permitting B.If weather permits C.If permitting D.A and B 2._________, the patient will recover himself soon.
A.If the treatment is in time B.The treatment in time C.The treatment being in time D.A,B and C
4、伴随状语
独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如： 1.We have lessons every day, ___________.
A.Sunday included B.Sunday including C.Sunday is including D.all the above 2.The boy fell asleep,___________.
A.cap on head B.with a cap on head C.a cap on was on head D. all the above 3.Father came home,_________
A.a dog following him B.a dog followed him C.being followed by a dog D.all the above
with + 复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法 Composed by Chinephone Lew
“with + 复合宾语”结构是指“with +宾语（名词或代词）+ 非谓语动词（分词、不定式）、介词短语、形容词或副词等”所构成的一种介词短语。该结构内部若是动词，则其非谓语形式的选用要注意三点：若内部动词表示将来（无论主动还是被动），则用不定式；若内部动词表示被动且属过去，则用过去分词；若内部动词表示持续主动动作，则用现在分词。该结构在句子中可以作以下几种成分： 1、原因状语
1.With the man ______ us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village.
A.To guide B.Guiding C.Guided D.To have guide
2.With a lot of work_____, she doesn’t have time to rest. A.to do B.to be done C.doing D.done
3.With the machine _____all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time. A.to work B.worked C.working D.Being working 2、时间状语
1.The street looks more beautiful with all the lights _____.A.are on B.on C.to be on D.been on
2.With our problem ________, we all felt happy. A.to settle B.to be settled C.settled D.being settled 3.With
his
work______,
the
secretary
began
to
walk
home.
A.to
do B.doing C.done D.to be done 3、伴随状语
1.She left the offices with tears ________.
A.in her eyes B.in eyes B.being in eyes D.to be in eyes 2.The man found the door with both his eyes ______. A.to be closed B.being closed C.closed D.closing 3.We felt uncomfortable with two waitresses_______.
A. standing by B.to be standing by C.stood by D.being standing by
4.The murderer was brought in, with his hands________.
A.to be tied behind B. tied behind C.tying behind D.being tied behind 5.You can’t see well ________.
A. with the glasses on B.being on the glasses C.with the glasses to be on D.with the glasses 4、后置定语 1.Do
you
know
the
man
______
a
book
in
his
hand?
A.with B.having C.being D.A and B
2.Please offer your seat to the woman _____ a baby in her arms.A.carrying B.having C.with D.all the above
分词、独立主格和“with + 复合宾语”作状语的区别
分词结构、独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构在句中均可作状语，其区别是这样的： 一、分词在句中作状语时句子的主语是分词的逻辑主语，即主句主语是分词的动作执行者（用现在分词）或动作承受者（用过去分词或现在分词被动式）。这种情况下的分词短语可以改为相应的状语从句或并列谓语。 分词短语在句中常作以下状语： 1、原因状语
1._______late, we had to walk home. A.Being B.As we were C.We being D.A and