目 录
摘要 ························································································ I Abstract ·················································································· II 第1章 绪论··········································································· 1
1.1 汽车转向系统简介 ······················································ 1
1.1.1 转向系的设计要求 ·············································· 1 1.2 EPS的特点及发展现状 ················································ 2
1.2.1 EPS与其他系统比较 ··········································· 2
1.2.2 EPS的特点 ······················································· 2 1.2.3 EPS在国内外的应用状况 ····································· 3
1.3 本课题的研究意义 ····················································· 4
第2章 电动助力转向系统的总体组成 ········································· 5
2.1 电动助力转向系统的机理及类型 ···································· 5
2.1.1 电动助力转向系统的机理 ····································· 5 2.1.2 电动助力转向系统的类型 ····································· 7 2.2 电动助力转向系统的关键部件 ······································· 9
2.2.1 扭矩传感器 ······················································· 9 2.2.2 车速传感器 ······················································· 9 2.2.3 电动机 ·························································· 9 2.2.4 减速机构 ························································· 10 2.2.5 电子控制单元 ··················································· 10 2.3 电动助力转向的助力特性 ············································ 11 第3章 电动助力转向系统的设计 ·············································· 12
3.1 对动力转向机构的要求 ··············································· 12 3.2 齿轮齿条转向器的设计与计算 ······································ 12
3.2.1 转向系计算载荷的确定 ······································· 13 3.2.2 齿轮齿条式转向器的设计 ···································· 14 3.2.3 齿轮齿条转向器转向横拉杆的运动分析 ·················· 22 3.2.4 齿轮齿条传动受力分析 ······································· 24 3.2.5 齿轮轴的强度校核 ············································· 24
第4章 转向传动机构的优化设计 ·············································· 29
4.1 结构与布置 ······························································ 29
4.2 用解析法求内、外轮转角关系 ······································ 30 4.3 转向传动机构的优化设计 ············································ 32
4.3.1 目标函数的建立 ················································ 32 4.3.2 设计变量与约束条件 ·········································· 33 4.4 研究结论 ································································· 36 结论 ······················································································ 37 致谢 ······················································································ 39 参考文献 ················································································ 40 附录1 ··················································································· 41 附录2 ··················································································· 46
哈尔滨工业大学华德应用技术学院毕业设计（论文）
摘要
汽车转向系统可按转向的能源不同分为机械转向系统和动力转向系统两类。
汽车电动助力转向系统是一种新型的汽车动力转向系统，与传统液压转向系统相比，采用电动机直接提供助力，具有多方面优越性。近年来已有很多中高档汽车配备了动力转向系统装置，EPS研究也成为汽车工业的热门课题之一，具有重要研究价值和巨大潜在应用前景。
在本文中重点进行齿轮齿条转向器的设计计算和对转向齿轮轴的校核，及转向传动机构的优化设计。主要方法和理论采用汽车设计的经验参数和大学所学机械设计的课程内容进行设计，并做了归纳和总结。
关键词 转向系统；电动助力转向系统；齿轮齿条转向器；优化设计
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