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2016年职称英语卫生类A(a)级教材题库
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第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1、The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. A.take out B.break off C.push in D.dig up
2、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. A.play B.show C.send D.tell
3、This table is strong and durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far-reaching
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D.eternal
4、He endured great pain before he finally expired. A.fired B.resigned C.die
D.retreated
5、The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. A.smiling B.laughing C.shouting D.staring
6、The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. A.jumps B.rises C.falls D.changes
7、Did you do that to irritate her? A.tease B.attract C.annoy D.protect
8、Mary looked pale and weary. A.ill B.tired C.worried D.peaceful 9、The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage (污水).
A.polluted B.downgraded C.mixed D.blackened
10、Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. A.boring B.thorough C.interesting D.touching
11、These are their motives for doing it. A.reasons B.excuses C.answers D.plans
12、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. A.twists
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B.stretches C.broadens D.bends
13、Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs. A.abuse B.flavor C.temptation D.consumption
14、These programs are of immense value to old people. A.natural B.fatal C.tiny D.enormous
15、A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. A.maintain B.improve C.assess D.protect
第二部分-阅读判断
Sleep Problems Plague the Older Set
Older Americans often have difficulty getting a good night’S rest.It's a huge quality—of-life problem，experts say，because contrary to popular belief，seniors require about the same amount of sleep as younger adults.
“Sleep problems and sleep disorders are not an inherent(固有的)pa rt of aging，”said Dr.Harrison G.Bloom，an associate clinical professor of geriatrics(老年病学)and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.“It’S pretty much of a myth that older people need less sleep than younger people.”
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Yet.in a study published recently in The American Journal of Medicine，
researchers found that more than half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.
older people tend to have“sleep fragmentation，”meaning they wake up more often during the night，said study author Dr.Julie Gammck，an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St.Louis University.
They also seem to get less“REM”sleep，the type of sleep during which rapid eye movement occurs，Bloom added.
It’s unclear what role these naturally occurring changes in sleep patterns have on person’s quality of life，Bloom said.“What is important，though，is that older people often have actual sleep disorders and problems with sleep，”he said.
And，experts say，there is usually more than one cause.
“Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses，including specific sleep disorders like sleep apnea(呼吸暂停)and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency in older populations，”said Michael V.Vitiello , a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate director of the University of Washington’S Northwest Geriatric Education Center.
Taking multiple medications，as many older people do，can also lead t0 fatigue a“ hypersomnia ，”or being tired all the time，Bloom added.
Another big problem，he noted，IS depression and anxiety.“Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems.”
Despite the prevalence(流行)of sleep difficulties in older adults，many patients Aren’t getting the help they need。As a result，problems like insomnia(失眠)，restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated，Bloom said.
16. Sleep problems can seriously affect one’s quality of life A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17. it is true that older people need less sleep than younger people A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19. The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20. “SIeep fragmentation” refers to a marked lack of “REM” sleep A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21. The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22. Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problems
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
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第三部分-概括大意
Parkinson’s Disease
1 Parkinson’s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including agin g and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson’s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.
3 rremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More
importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson’s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson’s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of