sour
a.
having a sharp acid taste, like the taste of a lemon or a fruit that is not ready to be eaten 酸的
In my mouth I have a sour, vinegar taste coming from the pit of my stomach. 在我的嘴里有从胃中返出的醋酸味。
subjunctive
a.
used in grammar to express doubt, wishes, etc. （语法中的）虚拟语气的 n.
（语法中的）虚拟语气
Please notice the subjunctive mood used in the sentence. 请注意在句子中的虚拟语气。
Phrases and expressions
be/feel obliged to do sth.
if you are obliged to do sth., you have to do it because the situation, the law, a duty, etc. makes it necessary （因形势、法律、义务等关系而）非做不可，迫使
I think Valentine‘s Day is a waste of time, but I still feel obliged to send my wife a card. 我觉得情人节是在浪费时间，但我还是觉得有义务送贺卡给我妻子。
get/be serious about
if you are serious about sth., you really mean it and are not joking or pretending 对…是认真的；并非开玩笑的
When you are staying with your roommates, you cannot get too serious about privacy. 你和你的室友相处的时候，不能太计较隐私。
run into sb.
(infml.) meet sb. by chance 偶然遇见某人
You forgot all about your cousin‘s birthday until you suddenly ran into her today. 要不是你今天偶然遇见了你表姐，你已全然忘记了她的生日。
fresh from
having just come from a particular place or experience 刚从…来的；刚有…经历的 School principals should not expect teachers, fresh from college, to deal with a large group of difficult children. 学校的校长不应该指望刚从大学毕业的老师来应付一大群难以对
付的孩子。
I‘ve returned to the office, fresh from New York. 我刚从纽约回来，现已回到了办公室。
distinguish between
recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people 区分；辨别
The ability to read in a critical way involves the ability to distinguish between facts and the writer‘s opinions or interpretations. 批判性阅读能力包括区分什么是事实、什么是作者自己的看法或解释的能力。
Some Christians do not want to distinguish between what are facts and what is myth. 一些基督徒不想辨别什么是事实，什么是神话。
nail sth. down
1 fasten sth. to sth. else with nails 钉；将某物钉牢
Will you nail down that loose board in the floor? 请把那块松动的地板钉牢好吗？ 2 (infml.) reach a final and definite agreement or decision about sth. 最终确定；对某事作出定论
Two days isn‘t enough to nail down the details of an agreement. 要把协议的所有细节都确定下来，两天的时间是不够的。
thrust sth. upon sb.
(usu. passive) force sb. to do or accept sth. 迫使某人做某事；迫使某人接受某事 She never enjoyed the fame that was thrust on her. 对于强加给她的名声，她从未感到过开心。
get/feel/be lost
be unable to understand sth. because it is new, difficult, complicated, etc. 迷惘；困惑；不知所措
When you read faster, your comprehension goes up because instead of getting lost in the words, you see the general picture. 当你快速阅读的时候，理解力会上升，因为你看到的是一个整体画面，而没有拘泥于单个词汇。
become/be attracted to sth.
become/be interested in sth. 对某事/物产生兴趣
out of curiosity
because of curiosity 出于好奇
She decided to follow him out of curiosity. 出于好奇，她决定跟踪他。
look upon sb./sth. as
consider sb. or sth. in a particular way, or as a particular thing 把某人/某物看作 We had established a general opinion which looked upon corruption in public office as a threat to society. 我们达成了一个共识：把公职腐败视为对社会的威胁。
We should learn to be caring and considerate and look upon everyone in the world as our brothers and sisters. 我们应该学会关心体贴, 把世界上的每个人都看作是我们的兄弟姐妹。
be equipped with sth.
be provided with the things that are needed for a particular kind of activity or work 以…为装备；配备…
All dormitory rooms are equipped with high speed Internet access. 宿舍所有的房间都配备了高速互联网。
The rooms are equipped with video cameras. 房间里都装了摄像机。
swell with pride/anger, etc.
feel extremely proud/angry, etc. 洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等
Her heart swelled with pride as she stood watching her daughter win the race. 当她站在那儿看到女儿赢得比赛时，内心充满了骄傲。
Unit2
New words
accounting
n.
[U] the work of accountants or the methods they use 会计；会计学
Students‘ major objective is to be financially well off. Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. 学生的主要目的是在经济上富裕。因此，当今最流行的课程不是文学或历史，而是会计。
calculate
vt.
1 make a judgment about what is likely to happen using the available information 估计；预测；推测
It‘s difficult to calculate the long-term effects of these changes in the law. 这些法律上的变化带来的长期影响是难以预测的。
2 find out how much sth. will cost, how long sth. will take, etc. by using numbers 计算；核算
Nowadays the accountants in enterprises use computers to calculate the cost of production with accuracy. 如今，企业财会人员利用电脑来计算准确的生产成本。
boost
vt.
increase or improve sth. to make it more successful 促进；推动；使兴旺
Some countries hope that warmer weather and more rain will boost their farm output. 一些国家希望更温暖的天气和更多的降雨能提高他们的农业产量。
prospect
n.
[C, U] sth. that is possible or likely to happen in the future, or the possibility itself 可能的事情；很可能发生的事情；前景
Career prospects in science and technology are virtually unlimited. 科技类职业的前景几乎是无可限量的。
defect
vi.
leave a country, political party, or organization to go to another one 背叛；叛逃 He defected from the party in the late 1970s. 他在20世纪70年代后期背叛了该党。 n.
[C] a fault in sb. or sth. 缺点；欠缺；不足之处
Stammering is probably an inherited defect. 口吃可能是一种遗传缺陷。
applied
a.
(usu. before noun) used for describing educational subjects when they are studied for
their practical uses （学科）应用的，实用的
Industry leaders want scientists to engage in basic research, not applied research. 产业领导者们希望科学家们从事基础研究，而不是应用研究。
As an applied scientist, he does not wish to get mixed up in the current discussion of pure mathematics. 作为一个应用科学家，他不希望与目前讨论的纯数学混淆。
bet (bet, bet)
vt.
be fairly sure that sth. is true, that sth. will happen, etc., although you can‘t prove this 肯定 I bet the train will be late. 我敢打赌，列车会晚点。 v.
risk money on the result of a race, game, competition or other future event 下赌注；与…打赌
I bet my life that he will take my money and leave. 我敢用我的命打赌，他将拿着我的钱离开。
persist
vi.
1 (fml.) continue to exist 继续存在；持续
If the bad weather persists, the farmers will suffer great losses this year. 如果恶劣天气持续，农民今年将遭受巨大的损失。
2 continue to do sth., although this is difficult, or other people oppose it 坚持；执意 Students must persist in their efforts if they wish to do well. 学生如果想取得好成绩就必须坚持努力。
accelerate
v.
happen or make sth. happen at a faster rate （使）加快；促进
Human activities can cause or accelerate permanent changes in natural systems. 人类的活动可能导致或加速自然系统的永久变化。
succession
n.
[sing.] a series of people or things of the same type 一连串，一系列（同类型的人或物）