摘 要
近年来，随着人们生活水平的日益提高，人们对卫生问题的关注越来越高。人们常用洗手来控制细菌的传播，但很多人往往忽略了洗完手后使手变干的步骤，从而导致洗手效果的减弱，因此我们有需要注意洗手后干手的环节。而自动干手器不仅能够干手，还具有卫生、人性化的特点，因而得到大众的喜爱。
自动干手器是一种高档的卫生洁具，其可以取代毛巾、纸巾，对手部进行干燥。具有节能、环保、人性化的优点，被广泛应用于宾馆酒店、机场车站、体育场馆等公共场所的洗手间。现在市场上购买的自动干手器的控制电路大多使用555时基电路和数字集成电路。由于采用电阻，电容等分立元件较多。电磁干扰较强。工作不稳定，人性化方面不够完善。本设计采用52单片机进行电路控制，克服了以上缺点。用52单片机和红外感应设计的干手器具有能够自动感应人手的伸进和离开，通过硬件可以加减每次工作时间，可以用数码管显示干手器设定的时间并在干手机工作时显示此次工作倒计时时间，还能使用选择开关选择输出冷风或热风，分别满足不同温度天气的使用。
该设计在方案上有设计的可行性，也具有一定的市场前景。对自己而言，该课题的研究可以把大学所学的专业知识应用到实际的电路设计中去，使自己的专业知识得到进一步的巩固。
关键词：单片机；红外感应；干手器
桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸 第1 页 共 33 页
Abstract
In recent years, with the increasing living standard, people concerned about the increasing health problems. Wash hands often used to control the spread of germs, but many people tend to ignore the hand after hand washing drying steps, resulting in the weakening effect of hand washing, so we need to pay attention to dry hands after washing hands part. The automatic hand dryer to dry hands only, but also with health, human characteristics, and therefore loved by the public.
Automatic hand dryer is a high-end sanitary ware, which can replace the towels, paper towels, opponents of the drying. Energy saving, environmental protection, human, it is widely used in hotels, airport stations, sports stadiums and other public places toilets. Now on the market to buy the automatic hand dryers are mostly used to control circuit 555 circuit and digital integrated circuits. As a result of resistors, capacitors and other discrete components more. Strong electromagnetic interference. Job insecurity, human aspects is inadequate. The design uses a microcontroller to control circuit 52, to overcome the above disadvantages. 52 microcontroller and infrared sensors with the design of dry hands with the ability to automatically sense and manpower into his leave, working through the hardware can add and subtract each time) digital display can be used to set the time for dry hands and work in the dryer The work is displayed when the countdown time, select the output selector switch can use cold or hot, the weather at different temperatures were used to meet.
This design in the scheme design of feasibility, also has certain market prospect. For myself, this topic research can put a college major knowledge applied to practical circuit design, make myself of the professional knowledge to further consolidate.
Key words: MCU; Infrared sensing; Airing implement
桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）报告用纸 第1 页 共 33 页
目 录
引言……………………………………………………………………………1 1 绪论………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 课题背景……………………………………………………………………1 1.2 课题研究的目的和意义………………………………………………………1 1.3 课题研究内容…………………………………………………………………1 2 方案论证………………………………………………………………2 2.1 方案一……………………………………………………………………2 2.2 方案二……………………………………………………………………2 2.3 系统方案对比论证………………………………………………………2 3 硬件电路……………………………………………………………………2 3.1 硬件电路设计原理 …………………………………………………………2 3.2硬件设计的系统框图…………………………………………………………3 3.3 硬件电路的芯片介绍…………………………………………………………3 3.3.1 单片机AT89S52介绍………………………………………………………6 3.3.2 红外对管…………………………………………………………………6 3.3.3 数码管……………………………………………………………………7 3.3.4 继电器 ……………………………………………………………………7 3.4自动干手器的基本组成………………………………………………………7 3.4.1 晶振电路………………………………………………………………7 3.4.2 复位电路……………………………………………………………10 3.4.3 数码管显示电路………………………………………………………12 3.4.4 继电器电路……………………………………………………………11 3.4.5 红外感应电路…………………………………………………………13 3.4.6 电吹风电路……………………………………………………………13 4 软件设计…………………………………………………………………15 4.1 软件设计介绍………………………………………………………………15 4.2 主程序的设计………………………………………………………………16 4.3 定时中断程序的设计………………………………………………………18 4.3.1 实现功能…………………………………………………………………6 4.3.2 中断流程图…………………………………………………………………6 4.3.3 关键技术…………………………………………………………………6 5 系统制作及调试…………………………………………………………20 5.1 系统制作……………………………………………………………………20