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参考答案 一、名词解释
1．社区卫生服务是社区发展建设的重要组成部分，是在政府领导、社区参与、上级卫生机构指导下，以基层卫生机构为主体、全科医师为骨干，合理使用社区资源和适宜技术；以人的健康为中心、家庭为单位、社区为范围、需求为导向；以妇女、儿童、老年人、慢性病人、残疾人等为重点；以解决社区主要卫生问题，满足基本医疗卫生服务需求为目的；融预防、医疗、保健、康复、健康教育、计划生育技术服务等为一体的、有效的、经济的、方便的、综合的、连续的基层卫生服务。
2．社区卫生服务质量是指向全社区人群提供最佳可能的医疗、预防、保健、康复等服务，使全体人群满意。良好的社区卫生服务质量应该包括对社区卫生服务需求者提供可及的、适宜的、有效的、高质量的又能充分利用社区资源，鼓励居民和社区积极参与，以达到增进社区全体人群健康、延长期望寿命和提高生活质量。
3．居民健康档案是记录有关居民健康信息的系统化文件，它是社区卫生服务工作中收集、记录社区居民健康信息的重要工具。 二、填空题
1．健康人群 亚健康人群 重点保护人群 高危人群 病人 2．人的健康 家庭 社区 需求
3．预防 医疗 保健 康复 健康教育和健康促进 计划生育技术服务 4．家庭健康档案 个人健康档案 慢性病随访记录 特殊人群保健记录 5．居民个人健康档案 家庭健康档案 社区健康档案 三、选择题 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C
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5．D 四、简答题
1．社区卫生服务主要内容包括：（1）社区卫生诊断；（2）健康教育；（3）传染病、地方病、寄生虫病防治；（4）慢性非传染性疾病防治；（5）精神卫生；（6）妇女保健；（7）儿童保健；（8）老年保健；（9）社区医疗；（10）社区康复；（11）计划生育技术服务；（12）开展社区卫生服务信息的收集、整理、统计、分析与上报工作；（13）根据居民需求、社区卫生服务功能和条件，提供其他适宜的基层卫生服务和相关服务。
2．社区卫生服务的特点是（1）是医疗、预防、保健、康复等基层卫生服务；（2）是以预防为导向的服务；（3）是综合性服务；（4）是持续性服务；（5）是可及性服务；（6）是以社区为基础的服务。
3．个人健康档案中问题描述“S－O－A－P”的具体内容为：S：代表病人的主观资料（Subject Data）：是由病人提供的主诉、症状、病史、家族史等，医生的主观看法不可加入其中，要求尽量用病人的语言来描述。O：代表客观资料（Objective Data）：是医生诊疗过程中观察到的病人的资料。包括体征、实验室检查、Ｘ光等检查的资料以及病人的态度、行为等。A：代表评估（Assessment）：评估是SOAP中最重要的一部分。完整的评估应包括诊断、鉴别诊断、与其它问题的关系、问题的轻重程度及预后等。P：代表计划（Plan）：是针对问题而提出的，每一问题都有相应的计划，包括诊断计划、治疗计划、病人指导等。 五、论述题
1．论述社区卫生服务质量评价要点。
答案要点：现阶段我国社区卫生服务质量评价应该内涵服务环境、服务过程和服务结果几方面内容。具体包括：（1）疾病的预防和控制：确定社区主要卫生问题和优先考虑的问题，针对社区主要问题（包括社区内主要的传染性疾病和慢性非传染性疾病）、主要影响因素和高危人群进行有效的社区干预，并把每一次接诊变成一次开展预防的机会。（2）服务对象的生活和社会功能的改善和维持方面，均达到了期望的状态。（3）用于疾病的预防和疾病的治疗成本得到了有效的控制。（4）健康和医疗记录清楚全面，及时正确诊断、治疗计划应建立在最好的科学证据上，治疗效果显著并可测量，让服务对象分享治疗的好处，并一起评价进步。（5）与服务对象的人际关系得到改善。建立良好的医患关系、护患关系。供需双方拥有良好的沟通与相互信任。（6）为服务对象提供服务的过程中既能够解
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决他们的卫生问题，又能感觉到愉快、舒适、满意。（7）在医疗和咨询服务中，尽量缩短候诊时间，增加和服务对象及病人的沟通时间，尽可能地回答服务对象的问题。（8）服务对象的隐私得以保密，社区卫生服务的提供者必须遵守职业道德，保证服务对象的一切隐私。（9）幽雅、清洁、舒适、愉悦的服务环境。（10）服务对象和卫生服务提供者满意度都高。
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请您删除一下内容，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！【China's 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from China's animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let's recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state compared to the rest of the international community. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series' violence, and lack of suitability for children's education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi \and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero's real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of compassion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don't want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very compact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天书奇谈) also referred to as \Sealed Book\the Heavenly Book\in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature \Zhuan\Suppression of the Demons\Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the book's contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heaven's law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinese painting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of China's natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted into movies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海） is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel \ A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon King's feud with Nezha over his son's death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic story Journey to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced by Beijing Opera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the most influential films in all of Asia. Countless cartoon adaptations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as \chapters of the Chinese classics \ The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zang's trip to the West to take the Buddhistic sutra. They met a white bone evil, and the evil transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortunately Bajie, another apprentice of Xuan Zang, escaped and persuaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Children's Film Festival Award in 1989. McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created in Hong Kong by Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong. The first McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father..
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