2015新课标1高考压轴卷
英 语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A
Many critics worry about violence on television, most out of fear that it stimulates viewers to violent or aggressive acts. Our research, however, indicates that the consequences of experiencing TV’s symbolic world of violence may be much more far-reaching.
We have found that people who watch a lot of TV see the real world as more dangerous and frightening than those who watch very little. Heavy viewers are less trustful of their fellow citizens, and more fearful of the real world. Since most TV “action-adventure” dramas occur in urban settings, the fear they inspire may contribute to the current flee of the middle class from our cities. The fear may also bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of law-and-order politicians.
While none of us is completely dependent upon television for our view of the world, neither have many of us had the opportunity to observe the reality of police stations, courtrooms, corporate board rooms, or hospital operating rooms. Although critics complain about the fixed characters and plots of TV dramas, many viewers look on them as representative of the real world. Anyone who questions that statement should read the 250,000 letters, most containing requests for medical advice, sent by viewers to “Marcus Welby, M.D.” —a popular TV drama series about a doctor— during the first five years of his practice on TV.
Violence on television leads viewers to regard the real world as more dangerous than it really is, which must also influence the way people behave. When asked, “Can most people be trusted?” the heavy viewers were 35 percent more likely to choose “Can’t be too careful.”
Victims, like criminals, must learn their proper roles, and televised violence may perform the teaching function all too well. Instead of worrying only about whether television violence causes individual displays of aggression in the real world, we should also be concerned about social reality. Passive acceptance of violence may result from far greater social concern than occasional displays of individual aggression.
We have found that violence on prime-time（黄金时段）network TV cultivates overstated threat of danger in the real world. The overstated sense of risk and insecurity may lead to increasing demands for protection, and to increasing pressure for the use of force by established authority. Instead of threatening the social order, television may have become our chief instrument of social control.
【小题1】Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of watching TV too much?
A. Distrusting people around. B. Moving into rural areas. C. Asking the police for protection. D. supporting more politicians.
【小题2】According to the passage, why did “Marcus Welby, M.D.” receive so many letters? A. Because viewers believed the doctor did exist in the real life. B. Because certain TV programmers recommended him to viewers. C. Because he was an experienced doctor and saved many lives. D. Because the TV appealed to people to pay attention to health.
【小题3】According to the author, _________ is mainly to blame for people’s fear of the real world. A. network TV B. social reality
C. individual display of violence D. televised violence
B
The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic (怀旧的 )skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful---both in school and in life.
Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing
tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.
In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to know well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said. Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot (发现) spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time.
“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”
1. What makes writing by hand a thing of the past? ______________.
A. The absence of blackboard in classroom. B. The use of new technologies in teaching. C. The lack of practice in handwriting. D. The popular use of smartphones. 2. Berninger’s study published in 2009 ___________.
A. focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer. B. indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper. C. found that good essays are made up of long sentences. D. discussed the importance of writing speed.
3. Which of the following best shows the role of spelling? ______________. A. Spelling improves one’s memory of words.
B. Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability. C. Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas. D. Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.
4. What does “mind’s eye” in paragraph 5 mean? ______________. A. Window. B. Soul C. Picture. D. Imagination.
C
Britain’s private schools are one of its most successful exports．The children of the well-off flock to them，whether from China，Nigeria or Russia ：the number of foreign pupils rose by 1.4％in the last year alone．
Yet foreign students，whether educated in British private schools or elsewhere，are decreasingly likely to go to English universities．According to the Higher Education Funding Council for England，307,200 overseas students began their studies in the country in 2012-13，down from 312，000 two years earlier and the first drop in 29 years．Student numbers from the rest of the European Union(EU)fell—probably a result of the increase in annual tuition fees in England from ￡6，000(＄10，000)a year to ￡9，000．But arrivals from India and Pakistan declined most sharply．
In contrast to the visa system for private schools，which is extremely loose(the Home Office counts private schools as favoured sponsors)，student visas have been tightened．Foreign students used to be allowed to work for up to two years after graduating．They now have only four months to find a job paying up to ￡20，600 if they want to stay in Britain．
This change was intended to deal with fake colleges offering two-year work visas．But it seems to have put off serious students too．Nick Hillman of the Higher Education Policy Institute says the government has sent unclear messages about the sort of immigration it wants to restrict．Australia and America，which have more relaxed entry criteria for students，are becoming more favoured destinations．
Britain’s student-visa system bas become more onerous(繁琐) overall．As a result，Britain is losing out to other countries in the contest for talent．Its unwelcoming attitude will harm its long-term development．And the drift of foreign students from leading British private schools to American colleges may have another, somewhat happier，consequence：America might become rather better at cricket(板球)．
1．What’s the aim of UK tightening its student visas?[]
A．To control the student number from India and Pakistan．
B．To increase the financial income of UK．
C．To send clear messages about the sort of immigration． D．To deal with fake colleges that offer‘two-year work visas． 2．Why is it easy to get the visa from private schools in Britain? A．Because private schools have bad quality of education．
B．Because graduates from private schools can earn￡20，600．
C．Because private schools turn in more money to the Home Office．[] D．Because their students can work for two years after graduating． 3．According to the passage，Britain________． A．is famous for playing cricket
B．will get more talents in the future[学&科&] C．will simplify its student-visa system D．will help US colleges to develop cricket 4．What can we infer from the text?
A．Foreign students are going off English universities．
B．American universities are of higher quality than English ones． C．Britain’s student-visa system will help its long-term development． D．Britain’s new student-visa system is popular with foreign students． D
Even in a weak job market, the old college try isn’t the answer for everyone. A briefing paper from the Brookings Institution warns that “we may have overdone the message” on college, senior fellow Isabel Sawhill said.
“We’ve been telling students and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course there’s a lot of truth to that,” Ms. Sawhill said. “On average it does pay off… But if you load up on a whole lot of student debt and then you don’t graduate, that is a very bad situation.”
One comment that people often repeat among the years of slow job growth has been the value of education for landing a job and advancing in a career. April’s national unemployment rate stood at 7.5%, according to the Labor Department. The unemployment rate for high-school graduates over 25 years old who hadn’t attended college was 7.4%, compared with 3.9% for those with a bachelor’s degree or more education. The difference is even bigger among those aged 16-24. The jobless rate for those with only a high school diploma in that age group is about 20%. At the same time, recent research by Canadian economists warns that a college degree is no guarantee of promising employment.
Ms. Sawhill pointed out that among the aspects that affect the value of a college education is the field of one’s major: students in engineering or other sciences end up earning more than those who major in the arts or education. The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.
She suggested two ways of improving the situation: increasing vocational-technical(职业技能) training programs and taking a page from Europe’s focus on early education rather than post-secondary learning. “The European countries put a little more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades,” she said. “Then they have a higher requirement for whoever goes to college—but once you get into college, you’re more likely to be highly subsidized(资助).”
She also is a supporter of technical training—to teach students how to be workers, such as plumbers, welders and computer programmers—because “employers are desperate” for workers with these skills. 1. People usually think that _____.
A. the cost of technical schooling is a problem B. one will not succeed without a college degree
C. technical skills are most important for landing a job
D. there is an increased competition in getting into a college 2. What does the underlined part “taking a page from” mean? A. hearing from. B. changing from. C. differing from. D. learning from. 3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Public institutions charge more for education.
B. European universities are stricter with students. C. Students with certain skills are in great demand. D. Canadian students prefer to major in engineering. 4. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Is the ‘Go to College’ message overdone? B. The new requirement of Labor Market C. Primary education in European countries D. Is technical training more popular?
第二节 （共3小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The right pair of exercise shoes can do a lot to prevent discomfort and injuries, personal trainers say．Here are some shopping tips:
1 Depending on your workout, shoes designed for walking, running, tennis, cross-training or another specialty will provide the best support for your feet．
Shop when you normally exercise．Feet actually get bigger throughout the day, sometimes swelling up as much as a half-size by nighttime． 2
Try them on．Never grab a pair of exercise shoes based only on the size of footwear you normally buy．Bring the type of socks you’d wear to work out and go for a walk through the store．
3 You should be able to spread your toes out comfortably．Make sure there’s about a half-inch of space between them and the front of the shoe．The back should fit snugly (warmly and comfortably) against your heel and not move up and down．If your feet are different sizes, buy based on the larger one．
Talk to an expert．Shoe salesmen and personal trainers can study your stride (步伐) and the shape of your feet． 4 5 Many trainers recommend switching footwear every three to five months, if possible, to maintain（保持）proper cushioning and support．
One tip: if you have to tie your shoes very tightly to feel a good amount of support, they may be ready to go． A．Think about how much you can afford to buy the workout shoes． B．Consider your type of exercise． C．Focus on fit．
D．So don’t shop first thing in the morning if you often work out in the evening． E．Pay more attention to new style shoes． F．Replace worn shoes regularly．
G．Usually they can recommend the best shoes to guard against injuries．
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People come into your life for a reason, a season or a lifetime. When you 1 which one it is, you will know 2 what to do for each person.
When someone is in your life for a reason, it is 3 to meet a need you have expressed. They have come to assist you through a difficulty, to 4 you with guidance and support, to 5 you physically, emotionally or spiritually. They are there for the 6 you need them to be. Then, without any wrongdoing on your part, or at any inconvenient time, they will say or do something to bring the relationship to a(n) 7 . Sometimes they die, sometimes they walk away, and 8 they act up and force you to take a stand. What you must 9 is that your need has been met, and your desire 10 . When their work is done, it’s time to move on.
When people come into your life for a 11 , it is because your turn has 12 to share, grow or learn. They bring you an experience of peace, or make you 13 . They may teach you something you have 14 done. They usually give you an unbelievable amount of joy. 15 it! It is real! But only for a season. Lifetime relationships teach you lifetime 16 : those things you must build upon in order to have a 17 emotional foundation. Your job is to 18 the lesson, love the person, and put what you have learned to use in all other 19 and areas of your life. It is said that love is blind but friendship is sensible.
20 , thank you for being part of my life, whether you were here for a reason, a season or a lifetime. 1. A. come out B. figure out C. break out D. turn out 2. A. partly B. firmly C. frequently D. exactly 3. A. usually B. hardly C. closely D. finally 4. A. state B. instruct C. provide D. bother 5. A. aid B. show C. lead D. take 6. A. good B. delight C. benefit D. reason 7. A. order B. action C. end D. start
8. A. first B. sometimes C. seldom D. anytime 9. A. realize B. try C. tolerate D. forget
10. A. shared B. fulfilled C. followed D. protected 11. A. reason B. moment C. season D. lifetime 12. A. disappeared B. gone C. remained D. come 13. A. happy B. sad C. careful D. nervous 14. A. even B. never C. just D. ever
15. A. Forget B. Taste C. Connect D. Believe 16. A. notes B. sights C. lessons D. meanings 17. A. solid B. soft C. new D. rapid 18. A. reject B. teach C. accept D. refuse
19. A. difficulties B. professions C. works D. relationships 20. A. Above all B. After all C. In a word D. As a result
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节 满分55）
第二节 阅读下面材料，用不多于3个单词的正确形式填空
Steve is interviewing the famous biographer（传记作家）Caren Thomas.
Steve: Thomas, 1. a famous writer, would you please tell us something about yourself and your new books? Garen: Of course.
Steve: Where were you born?
Garen: I was born in Chicago, but I spent most of my childhood in New York. Steve: 2. was your childhood like?
Garen: I had pretty strict parents. They wished me to be successful in studies. So I think my childhood was 3. （bore）and
I was always complaining about it.