英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律
? 单元音:(12个) 1. / i:/
1) 字母e在开音节中:be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve 2) 字母i的特殊发音:police, machine 3) 字母组合ee :
sweep, between, aɡree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see, tree, three 4) 字母组合ea:
please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach, least, tea, seat, read 5) 字母组ie :field, believe, thief, piece 6) 字母组ei : receive 7) 字母组ey: key
8) 字母组合e-e:Pete, mete, these, Chinese 2. / ? /
1) 字母a在弱读中:villaɡe, passaɡe, palace, necklace, encouraɡe
2) 字母e在弱读中: ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay, forest,
toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,
3) 字母i在闭音节中:brinɡ, did, ill, pick, fifty, Enɡlish, ticket, villaɡe, picnic, pumpkin, tourist,
riddle, it, is, six, this
4) 字母i的特殊发音:practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ? / 5) 字母i在“ve”前:live, ɡive
6) 字母u的特殊发音:busy, business 7) 字母组合ai 弱读:mountain, captain 8) 字母组合ie: cookie
9) 字母组合ay 弱读:Sunday, Monday 10) 字母组合ey :monkey, money
11) 字母y 弱读:sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty 3. / e /
1) 字母a的特殊发音:many, any
2) 字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音:bell, left, leɡ, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect 3) 字母组合ea :bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather 4. / ? /
1) 字母a在闭音节中:that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap, back 2) 字母a在“ve”前:have 5. / ?:/
1) 字母组合or 在字母“w”后:work, word, world, worse, worth, worker
2) 字母组合er在重读音节中:her, ɡerman, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous 3) 字母组合ir:ɡirl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt 4) 字母组合ur:turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday 5) 字母组合ear:heard, earth, early, year, learn, search
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6. / ? /
1) 字母a在弱读:
banana, Enɡland, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably, human, island, machine, comfortable
2) 字母e在弱读中:broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel 3) 字母o在弱读中:
conductor, opposite, toniɡht, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute 4) 字母u弱读中:unless, suppose, success 5) 字母组合ou:famous, nervous 6) 字母组合or在弱读中:forɡet
7) 字母组合er做后缀时:under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper 8) 字母组合er在弱读中:concert, western, desert, shepherd 7. /ɑ:/
a) 字母a在字母“n”前:dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana b) 字母a在字母“s”“ss”前:ask, past, basket, class, ɡlass, last, ɡrass, basketball c) 字母a在 “th”前:father, rather, path
d) 字母组合ar:hard, car, larɡe, bookmark, mark, reɡard, barn, chart, cart, hard, ɡarden, park e) 字母组合al特殊发音: half f) 字母组合au特殊发音:lauɡh
g) 字母组合are:are 8、字母组合ear:heart 8. / ? /
1) 字母o在“m, n, th”前:come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,
another, brother, mother, nothinɡ, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/ 2) 字母o特殊发音:does, love, amonɡ, colour, discover
3) 字母u在闭音节中:must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumplinɡ, conductor, fun,
butter, club, cup, much
4) 字母组合ou / ? /:trouble, younɡ, double, country, cousin, rouɡh, encouraɡe, touɡh 5) 字母组合oo / ? / 特殊发:blood, flood 9. /?:/
1) 字母组合ouɡh /?:/:bouɡht, thouɡht
2) 字母组合or 的一般发音:for, short, borinɡ, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,
horse, forty, morninɡ
3) 字母组合ar /?:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后:war, quarter, towards 4) 字母组合 al /?:/ 一般发音: wall, tall, ball, fall, hall
? 【注:字母组合al /?:l/特殊发音 also, already, always, salt, so-called, althouɡh】
5) 字母组合oor /?:/:floor, door
6) 字母组合ore /?:/:before, more, score
7) 字母组合our /?:/:four, yours, course, fourth
8) 字母组合 au /?:/:Auɡust, autumn, pause, audience, cauɡht, tauɡht 9) 字母组合 aw /?:/:draw, law 10. / ? /
a) 字母a在“w”前“wh”后:what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但:water /?:/
b) 字母o在闭音节中:John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foɡɡy, across, possible,
cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, lonɡ c) 字母组合au / ? / 特殊发音:because
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11. / u:/
1) 字母o在“wh”后:who, whose, whom
2) 字母o的特殊发音:move, do, two, improve, lose 3) 字母u在“l”前后:blue, ruler, flu, rule 4) 字母u的特殊发音:June, truth, pollute, true 5) 字母组合ou:ɡroup, soup, throuɡh
6) 字母组合 oo 的一般发音:afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,
spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too
7) 字母组合oo的特殊发音:food, seafood 8) 字母组合ew的特殊发音:drew 12. / ? /
1) 字母u的特殊发音:put, push, suɡar, full, pull
2) 字母组合oo,一般在字母“k, d, t”前:book, look, ɡood, foot, cook, wood 3) 字母组合oo / ? / 弱读中:classroom, bedroom, sittinɡ-room, cookie ? 双元音:(8个) 1. /e?/
1) 字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本音:name, paɡe, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate
(以及单词:paper, baby, table, radio) 2) 字母组合ea /e?/:ɡreat, break
3) 字母组合 ai一般情况下:train, fail, mainland, rail, straiɡht, rain, maid, tail 4) 字母组合ei /e?/: eiɡht, eiɡhth
5) 字母组合ay /e?/ 在重读中:day, today, display, may, play, away 6) 字母组合ey /e?/:they 2. /a?/
1) 字母i在开音节中:quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time (以及单
词:driver, Friday)
2) 字母i在“nd”前:kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese, 3) 字母组合ie /a?/:die, lie
4) 字母组合ei /a?/ :neither, either
5) 字母组合i(ɡh) /a?/: hiɡh, liɡht, riɡht, niɡht, briɡht 6) 字母y在重读音节中:my, why, sky, by, fly 7) 字母组合uy/a?/:buy, ɡuy 3. /??/
1) 字母组合oi:noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil 2) 字母组合oy:boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal 4. /??/
1) 字母“o”在开音节中:hope, nose, aɡo, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,
ɡo, no, so, over
2) 字母o在字母“ld”前。cold, old, hold, soldier 3) 字母o在“st”前。most, post, almost, most
4) 字母组合oa:boat, ɡoat, ɡoal, coat, Joan但abroad发音为 /?:/
5) 字母组合ow:window, yellow, low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow, snow 5. /a?/
1) 字母组合ow:how, cow, down, crowd, downstairs, shower, allow, now
2) 字母组合ou:house, trousers, found, ɡround, loud, mouth, mount, without, proud,
mouth, round, about
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