泵和压缩机习题课(1-3章)2014.11.15

离心泵

1、一台离心泵从开口水池吸水,其装置如图所示:Hg1?4.4m,吸入管径d1?0.1m,设泵的流量为34m3/s,吸入管内摩擦阻力系数λ=0.02,吸入管总当量长度为18m,试计算输水时,泵入口处真空表读数为多少汞柱,其绝对压力为多少水柱? [解] 取1-1,2-2界面能量平衡方程,

2p1c12p2c2gZ1???gZ2???hf,

?2?2p22c2?c12??g(Z2?Z1)??hf ??2p1p11000Kg/mg(Z2?Z1)?9.8?4.4?43.12m2/s2

404?34/3600c2?2??1.2m/s 2?d??0.12c2?c121.22??0.72m/s 222lc2181.22hf???0.02???2.95J/Kg?264m

d20.12p2??(101.3?43.12?0.72?2.59) 322?1000Kg/m?54.27m/s?54270Pap2?54270?10?5?10.2?5.54m,H2O柱 =54270?105?750.2?407.13mm,Hg柱

真空度H=760-407.13=352.87mm Hg=4.79mH2o 2、离心泵传送密度为750Kg/m3汽油,实测得泵出口压力表读数为147100Pa,入口真空表读数为300mm汞柱,两表垂直距离(表位差)0.5m,吸管与排除管直径相同,试求以液柱表示的泵实际扬程。 [解]泵扬程

2P2?PC2?C121H???Z(2?1)?hf

?g2gP2?147100pa?101300pa?248400pa

760?300460P??105?61333pa 1?760760C2?C1 进出管直径相同,

??10.13?104Pa3?101.3m2/s2

Z(2?1)?0.5m, ??750Kgm2

hf?0 很短

248400?61333H??0.5?25.95m?26m

750?9.83设某离心水泵流量Q=0.025m3/s,排除管压力表读数为323730Pa,吸入管真空表读数为39240Pa,表位差 0.8m,吸入管直径为100mm,排除管直径为75mm。电动机功率表读数为12.5KW,电动机的效率为0.93,泵与电动机采用直联。试计算离心泵的轴功率,有效功率和泵的总功率。

2pd?pscd?cs2解:H??zsd??hf

?gZgpD?323730Pa?101300Pa?425030Pa ps?101300Pa?39240Pa?62060Pa

??1000kgm3

cd?4Q4?0.025??5.66m 22s?d2??(0.075)4Q4?0.025cs?2??3.18m 2s?d1??(0.1)hf?0

425030?620605.662?3.182H??0.8m??37.04m?1.12m?38.95m?381.8J=38.955 kg1000?9.8Zg有效功率

?HQ1000?381.8?0.025Ne???9.544kw

10001000轴功率

N?ND.?D?12.5?0.93?11.63kw 泵总效率

N9.545??E??82%

N11.634、谋输送油品的离心泵装置如图,试计算泵需要提供的实际扬程为多少?

已知:油品密度850kg m3缸Ⅰ内压力p1?196133pa(缩) 缸Ⅱ内压力p2?176479.7pa(缩) H1?8mH2?14mH3?4m 吸入管损失hs?1m 排出管损失ha?25m

经加热炉压降?P?1372930Pa

吸入排出管相同

2cD?cs2p2?p1解 H??(?a??s)??hf

?gzgp2?176479.7pa p1?196133pa

?d??s?H2?H3?H1?14?4?8?10m cD?cs

hs?ha?1?25?26m

?p1372930h炉???165m

?g850?9.8176479.7?196133H??10?165??2.36?10?165?172.64m

850?9.806

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