中考首字母填空
课堂讲义
首字母填空是考察学生包括语法知识、词汇运用、上下文理解以及主旨把握在内的综合能力，对大部分学生来说，这也是出错率最高的一道题目。
中考首字母填空共考查7个题目，每空2分，考查各种词性的单词。要求所填单词在意义和语法上都要正确，即写对单词，也要写对单词的形式。请同学们一定要重视动词的时态和语态，名词的单复数形式和代词不同的格。
首字母填空解题思路和技巧：
第一步：通读全文，初步理解大意。
第二步：词性分析
（一）概述：考查实词（动词、名词、形容词和副词）为主，虚词（连词和介词）为辅。所考单词为教育考试院词汇手册范围内，不会超纲，也无侮辱性词汇。 （二）词性判断方法：
1、句子缺动词：每个句子（包括从句及并列句）都应该有且仅有一个动词。 Hobbies can r_____ pressure.
2、句子缺形容词：一般出现在系动词后或者名词（代词）前。
Using iPads is especially h_______ to students who are learning a language at different paces.
3、句子缺名词/代词：动词前（主语）及动词后／介词后（宾语）位置。
Twice a year parents are invited to have at_________ of the food.
They make promises to t________ to make changes in their lives over the coming year, such as to lose weight, to stop smoking, to get a new job…….
4、句子缺副词：句子主要成分完整，且语义上修饰动词/形容词。一般出现在句首，句尾或者是句中实义动词前/助动词后。
Many students bring food from home, u________ sandwiches. 5、句子缺介词：一般出现在名词前或者是动词后。
I realized I’ve seen the world in a different light t________ my darling’s eyes. 6、句子缺连词：句子中出现了两个谓语动词。
People can download a 1 GB movie within 6 minutes in South Korea, b_____ in China it would take half an hour.
练习时间：判断下面空格缺单词的词性。
It was 3:21 a.m. when ten-year-old Glenn Creamer was woken up by the smell of burning. Except for the cracking(爆裂声) of flames somewhere below, there was not a sound in the two-floor house. But he 1. ________ at once what was happening.
2. ______ his father was away on night duty at a local factory, Glenn was worried
about the safety of his other, his 14-year-old sister Karen and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up. Then he helped them 3. _______ the safety of the garden. There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, couldn’t
move any more.
The ten-year-old raced back into the house and upstairs into his mother’s room.
He found it 4. _________ to wake her up and there was nobody to help Glenn carry her to the garden. But the boy kept calm. As a fireman said later, “He acted with all the self-control of a trained adult.”
On the bedroom telephone, luckily still working, Glenn called 5. _______ father.
After Glenn made sure his father would telephone the firemen and ambulance service, he got on with the task 6. ______ saving his mother.
First he filled 7. ______ bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water
over his mother and her bed. In this way, she would be kept away from the fire before the firemen arrived. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.
He could hear the fire engine coming up, but how would the firemen find his
mother 8. ______ the smoke-filled house where fire had almost covered the ground floor?
Fetching a ball of string(绳) from the garage, Glenn raced back into the house 9.
_______ rushed upstairs to his mother’s room. He tied one end of the string to her hand. Then he began to run back. He laid out the string as he went through the hall and back out into the garden.
Minutes later he was telling fire Chief John Coughlan, “The string will lead 10.
________ to mother/can help you find mother.” Mrs. Creamer was carried to safety as the flames were breaking through her bedroom floor.