河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文） 摘要
摘 要
随着生物医学工程技术的发展, 医学信号测量仪器日新月异。生物医学测量
与临床医学和保健医疗的联系日益紧密。通过对人体各种生理信号的检测，能更 好的认识人体的生命现象。脉象包含丰富的人体健康状况信息, 脉诊技术应客观 化、定量化。本设计利用光电式传感器, 设计脉搏信号获取的方法。本设计主要 是基于单片机的便携式脉搏测试仪的具体实现方法，利用光电传感器产生脉冲信 号，经过放大整形后，输入单片机内进行相应的控制，从而测量出一分钟内的脉 搏跳动次数，快捷方便。通过观测脉搏信号，可以对人体的健康进行检查，通常 被用于保健中心和医院。本设计所设计的基于单片机的便携式心率测试仪对推进 脉诊技术客观化的实现具有积极的促进作用。本设计以单片机为核心，由脉搏检 测传感器采集脉搏信号。经过前置放大电路、滤波电路、整形电路后得到与脉搏 相关的脉冲信号。该脉冲信号作为中断信号交由单片机进行脉长周期的计算。然 后得到每分钟的脉搏搏动次数（即心率），并在数码管上显示心率，同时还设置了 脉搏测量仪的上下限报警电路。
关键词：脉搏信号，单片机，光电传感器，脉冲信号，便携式心率测试仪
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河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
Abstract
With the development of the biomedical engineering technology, the
medical signal measuring instrument is changing everyday. Biomedical measurement and clinical medicine and health care increasingly close ties. We could better understand the phenomenon of human. life through various physiological signal detection of the human body. Pulse inclusions rich state of the health information, By using optical sensors, With the high development of electronics and computer nowadays, the pulse diagnosing technology should be objective and quantitive. this text access to the pulse signal design methods. This paper mainly introduces the concrete realization method for digital pulse counter, which uses photoelectric sensors to generate pulse signal. The pulse signal is amplified and regenerated to input into MCU to carry out corresponding control, as a result the pulse number per a minute is measured. The use of the pulse counter is quick and convenient. Through observing the pulse signal, human health can be inspected, it is usually used in health care centers and the hospitals. In my design, Portable heart rate measuring instrument based on MCU has a positive role in promoting the objective of the pulse technology.
Key words: Pulse，MCU，Photoelectric Sensor，Pulse Signal，Portable
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河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）
目录
目录
摘 要 .......................................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................................................ II 1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 课题设计背景 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 设计的主要内容 .................................................................................................................... 3 2 系统的总体设计方案 ....................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 系统的总体设计 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 方案的对比和论证 ............................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1 脉搏检测传感器的选择 ............................................................................................................ 4 2.2.2 单片机的选择 ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3 显示部分的选择 .......................................................................................................................... 6
2.3 系统各部分的最终方案 ..................................................................................................... 7 3 系统的硬件部分设计分析 ............................................................................................................. 8
3.1 单片机控制器 ........................................................................................................................ 8 3.1.1 单片机 stc89c52 介绍 .................................................................................................................. 8 3.1.2 单片机复位电路 ........................................................................................................................ 11 3.1.3 单片机时钟电路 ........................................................................................................................ 12 3.1.4 数码管显示电路 ........................................................................................................................ 12 3.1.5 报警电路 ...................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 脉搏信号采集 ...................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1 光电传感器的结构及原理 ..................................................................................................... 14 3.2.2 信号采集电路 ............................................................................................................................. 15
3.3 信号放大电路 ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.4 波形整形电路 ...................................................................................................................... 17 3.5 单片机处理电路 .................................................................................................................. 17 3.6 系统设计要考虑的问题 ................................................................................................... 19 3.6.1 环境光对脉搏传感器测量的影响 ...................................................................................... 19 3.6.2 电磁干扰对脉搏传感器的影响 ........................................................................................... 19 3.6.3 测量过程中运动噪声的影响 ................................................................................................ 20 3.6.4 电源不稳定导致光源供电波动带来影响 ........................................................................ 20 4 系统的软件设计 .............................................................................................................................. 21
4.1 设计思想 ................................................................................................................................ 21 4.1.1 主程序流程图 ............................................................................................................................. 22
4.2 定时器中断程序流程 ........................................................................................................ 23 4.3 INT 中断程序流程.............................................................................................................. 23 4.4 显示程序流程 ...................................................................................................................... 24 4.5 蜂鸣器报警流程 .................................................................................................................. 24 5 系统仿真与调试 .............................................................................................................................. 26
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