虹口区2013学年度第一学期高三年级英语学科
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
(A)
To be a successful speaker is no easy thing. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and 25 you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common purposes of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject 26 they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund collector for a naturalist foundation, wish to get money? Or, like a comedian or after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone you use 27 be proper for your purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone and manner from information 28 (deliver) to a group of your friends.
Furthermore, 29 talented the speaker is, a talk without enough preparation is usually 30 failure. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence. Make sure that your subject 31 (be) definite and not too broad. zhucanqi
(B)
DC Hilton was one of the first Americans to find out that there was money to be made in the middle of the night. 47 years ago he bought a small restaurant on US highway 69, in Oklahoma. His main customers were truck drivers and traveling salesmen who drank coffee and ate cheeseburgers when they stopped 32 (break) their journey.
It was they 33 first tried to persuade Hilton to remain open all night. 34 (think) about it for a while, he suddenly made up his mind. He took the door key and threw it across the road. He hasn’t closed the door ever since.
Over the years his simple burger café has been expanded 35 a 24-hour roadside empire, with a 100-seat restaurant, a petrol station, a mini shopping market, a car park for mobile homes and all-night self-help laundry.
Hilton was a pioneer in a 24-hour working trend, 36 has now caught on around the world. Today not only restaurants but also banks, supermarkets, mail-order firms, travel agencies and many other businesses are beginning to be open all night. But is this really a good thing?
So far, a lot of research 37 (do) in America on the effect of 24-hour working, and there is growing concern about the long-term dangers of a society that doesn’t sleep. Americans are said to be sleeping 20% less than 38 did 100 years ago, and 55% claim to suffer at least occasionally from over-tiredness. Several of the 39 (bad) man-made disasters happened in the last few hours before dawn, when even the most experienced night-worker has difficulty 40 (stay) awake. Section B A. scarcely B. relieve C. distinct D. contemporary E. contrasts F. memory G. composed H. intended I. convey J. especially K. unexpected
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There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, however, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the 41 areas of human activity. For example, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were 42 close. zhucanqi Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired by the work of 43 painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.
Mussorgsky 44 the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 45 death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to 46 his grief by writing something in 47 of Hartmann.
The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are 48 as symbols rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade （舞曲中的行进）, as the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Through a range of surprising 49 , Mussorgsky manages to 50 the spirit of the artist and his work. III. Reading Comprehension Section A
The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. These days, homeschooling in America is 51 . Teaching methods at homeschooling 52 . Some parents follow a strict timetable and 53 a traditional school environment. Other parents follow an extreme form of homeschooling in which they do not give grades or tests and allow their children to study wherever they want. More parents, however, follow the middle 54 to provide a balance between freedom and discipline.
Why do parents choose homeschooling? Some believe that children in public schools experience too much “peer pressure”, or social pressure from friends. They say it may have a 55 effect on the child’s studies. Other parents are dissatisfied with the quality of education in the public school. About half the parents who teach at home are 56 motivated and use lessons by mail or Internet from church schools. Whatever the 57 may be, it is evident that more and more children are being taken out of normal schools every year. 58 , many questions have emerged, encouraging the debate over home schooling against public schooling.
What then is the future of education? Although children often learn well at home, weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or 59 parents who say they are home-schooling. As the 60 continues, so do the questions about what home schoolers are studying at home. How can parents ensure that their children are prepared academically for college? How are home schoolers 61 to make sure they are getting the same educational standards that school students must have? Recent studies in the United States have shown that homeschooled children tend to be slightly better in subjects like English and art, but they are obviously less 62 math and science. Finally, there are questions regarding the children’s emotional development. Are they too 63 their fellow students? Are they 64 the opportunity to get the social benefits of being in a large classroom of students? As with any debatable issue, the answers to these questions are never 65 . 51. A. disappearing
B. reducing C. contributing
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D. rising
52. A. vary 53. A. imitate 54. A. instructions 55. A. positive 56. A. economically 57. A. effects 58. A. As a result 59. A. encourage 60. A. appreciation 61. A. assessed 62. A. satisfied with 63. A. ignorant of 64. A. creating 65. A. acceptable Section B
B. last B. alter B. path B.practical B. religiously B. suggestions B. On the whole B. interrupt B. opposition B. chosen B. involved in B. isolated from B. grasping B. informative C. exist C. promote C. technique C. negative C. physically C. reasons C. By the way C. contact C. expectation C. compared C. skilled at C. connected with C. awaiting C. one-sided D. work D. neglect D. standard D. remarkable D. psychologically D. pressures D. In addition D. monitor D. debate D. classified D. sure of
D. worried about D. losing D. practical
(A)
“It seems likely that a caged elephant would miss the wilderness it was born into.” a six-year study revealed.
British and Canadian scientists studied 4,500 elephants in European zoos and compared them with elephants living in the wild. They found that wild elephants are healthier, live longer and reproduce more than those elephants in zoos.
When it comes to living in a zoo, “many species do well but elephants don’t,” said Georgia Mason, one of the researchers of the study. Many animals live longer in zoos than they do in the wild. This isn’t surprising when you consider that zoo animals are not threatened by predators (掠食者), always have plenty to eat, P.F. Productions and have professionals on hand to care for them.
When it comes to elephants, however, the situation is different. The world’s largest land animals live much longer in the wild than they do in zoos.
Female African elephants born in zoos live on average for 17 years, while those in the wild make it to 56. “So far,” says Mason, “We’ve got 300 African elephants in zoos in Europe, and not one’s yet reached 50.”
Asian elephants are the more endangered of the two elephant species. They live for about 19 years in captivity (圈养) compared to 42 years in the wild. A few wild Asian elephants have even made it into their 70s. In Kenya, 30 to 50 percent of wild elephants reach 50 years of age.
Fatness and stress are likely causes for the giant land animals’ early death in captivity, Mason said.
The researchers say that zoos do not offer enough space for animals that can travel as far as 48 kilometers a day. Too little exercise and too much food means captive elephants put on extra weight. The weight gain can lead to heart disease and other health problems.
Being “caged” is bad for health, not only for elephants, but also for humans. Be careful not to become a “caged elephant”!
66. Many animals live longer in zoos owing to the following reasons EXCEPT that ________. A. they are far away from the danger of being eaten.
B. they can be in a better mood there.
C. they needn’t worry about their food at all.
D. they are taken good care of.
67. Which of the following may probably result in the early death of elephants in zoos?
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