直接引语变间接引语
定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语； 用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接
一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化
1. 陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句 例： He said, “I'm very glad.”
→ He said he was very glad.
2. 一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。 例： He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?”
→He asked John could come that afternoon.
3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when，why, where等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” → He asked where Mr. Wang was. Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”. → Tom asks me food I like best
4. 祈使句变间接引语时，要变成ask/ tell/order sb（not）to do sth。 Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！” ?Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。
The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!”
? The teacher asked/ told me that novel. Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！” Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。
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二、 人称的变化
【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则 例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said.
→ Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.
“I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her.
→ He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.
She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.” → She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.
三、时态变化
主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态 时态的变化 一般现在时→ 一般过去时 现在进行时→ 过去进行时 一般将来时→过去将来时 例句 She said, “I need a calculator.” → She said that she needed a calculator. Jim said, “I’m expecting a long distance call.” → Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call. Nancy said, “I’ll call again later.” → Nancy said that she would call again later. 一般过去时→过去完成时 He said, “I took it home with me.” →He said that he had taken it home with him. 现在完成时→过去完成时 Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” → Paul said that their team had won the match. 过去完成时→过去完成时
四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
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He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” → He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 指 示 代 词 变化形式 this→that 例句 She said, “She is coming this week.” →She said that she was coming that week. He said, “These books are mine.” →He said those books were his. He said, “It’s ten o’clock now.” →He said that it was ten o’clock then. He said, “I haven’t seen her today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen her that day. She said, “I’ll come again tonight.” →She said that she would go again that night. He said, “This happened yesterday.” →He said that this had happened the day before. She said, “I arrived two days ago.” →She said that she had arrived two days before. She said, “I”ll be back tomorrow.” → She said that he would be back the next day. She said, “I’ll do it next week.” → She said that she would do it the next week. these→those now→then 时 间 状 语 Threedays ago→three days before tomorrow→ the next day the following day next week→the next week 地 点 状 语 动 词
【拓展延伸】
直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况
come/bring→go/take here→there yesterday→the day before tonight→that night today→that day She said, “I came here to see Tom.” → She said that he had gone there to see Tom. He said, “I brought it home with me.” →He said he had taken it home with him. ① 主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化例如：
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