缁忓吀鍙鏂囨。
涓嬭浇鍚庡彲缂栬緫
绗笁绔?/p>
鐑姏瀛︾浜屽畾寰?/p>
3.1
鐑姏瀛︾浜屽畾寰?/p>
1.
閫夋嫨棰?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛変竴鍗¤鐑満鍦ㄤ袱涓笉鍚屾俯搴︿箣闂寸殑鐑簮涔嬮棿杩愯浆锛屽綋宸ヤ綔鐗╄川涓烘皵浣撴椂锛岀儹鏈烘晥鐜囦负
42%
锛岃嫢鏀圭敤娑蹭綋宸ヤ綔鐗╄川锛屽垯鍏舵晥鐜囧簲涓猴紙
C
锛?/p>
(A)
鍑忓皯锛?/p>
锛?/p>
B
锛夊鍔狅紱
(C)
涓嶅彉锛?/p>
(D)
鏃犳硶鍒ゆ柇
锛?/p>
2
锛夊叧浜庣儹鍔涘绗簩瀹氬緥涓嬪垪鍝璇存硶鏄敊璇殑锛?/p>
D
锛?/p>
(A)
鐑笉鑳借嚜鍔ㄤ粠浣庢俯娴佸悜楂樻俯锛?/p>
(B)
涓嶅彲鑳戒粠鍗曚竴鐑簮鍚告敹鐑仛鍔熻�屾棤鍏跺畠鍙樺寲锛?/p>
(C)
绗簩绫绘案鍔ㄦ満鏄�犱笉鎴愮殑锛?/p>
(D)
鐑笉鍙兘鍏ㄩ儴杞寲涓哄姛銆?/p>
2.
涓嶅彲閫嗚繃绋嬫槸鍚︿竴瀹氭槸鑷彂杩囩▼锛熻瘯涓句緥璇存槑銆?/p>
绛旓細涓嶅銆傚锛涙皵浣撶殑涓嶅彲閫嗗帇缂╄繃绋嬶紝灏辨槸闈炶嚜鍙戣繃绋嬨�?/p>
娉ㄦ剰锛氳嚜鍙戣繃绋嬩竴瀹氭槸涓嶅彲閫嗚繃绋嬨�?/p>
3.3
鐔典笌鍏嬪姵淇柉涓嶇瓑寮?/p>
1.
鍒ゆ柇涓嬪垪杩囩▼鐔电殑鍙樺寲鎯呭喌
锛?/p>
1
锛夌墿璐ㄧ殑钂稿彂杩囩▼銆?/p>
鐔靛
锛?/p>
2
锛夋皵浣撶墿璐ㄨ鍥轰綋琛ㄩ潰鍚搁檮鐨勮繃绋嬨�?/p>
鐔靛噺
锛?/p>
3
锛夌數瑙ｆ按鐢熸垚
H2
鍜?/p>
O2
銆傜喌澧?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夋湁鏈鸿仛鍚堝弽搴斻�?/p>
鐔靛噺
锛?/p>
5
锛夊叕璺笂鎾掔洂浣垮啺铻嶅寲銆?/p>
鐔靛
2.
閫夋嫨棰?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夌悊鎯虫皵浣撳湪鎭掓俯鏉′欢涓嬶紝缁忔亽澶栧帇鍘嬬缉鑷虫煇涓�鍘嬪姏锛屾鍙樺寲涓綋绯荤殑鐔靛彉鈻?/p>
S
浣?/p>
鍙婄幆澧?/p>
涓婂崍鐔靛彉鈻?/p>
S
鐜?/p>
搴斾负锛?/p>
(B)
锛?/p>
A
锛夆柍
S
浣?/p>
>0
锛屸柍
S
鐜?/p>
<0
锛?/p>
(B)
鈻?/p>
S
浣?/p>
<0
锛屸柍
S
鐜?/p>
>0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
C
锛夆柍
S
浣?/p>
>0
锛屸柍
S
鐜?/p>
=0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
D
锛夆柍
S
浣?/p>
<0
锛屸柍
S
鐜?/p>
=0
锛?/p>
3.
绠�绛旈
锛?/p>
1
锛夌粷鐑彲閫嗚繃绋嬬殑鈻?/p>
S
锛熺粷鐑笉鍙�嗚啫鑳�杩囩▼鐨勨柍
S
锛熺粷鐑笉鍙�嗗帇缂╄繃绋嬬殑鈻?/p>
S
锛?/p>
绛旓細缁濈儹鍙�嗚繃绋嬬殑
鈭?/p>
S = 0
锛岀粷鐑笉鍙�嗚啫鑳�杩囩▼鐨?/p>
鈭?/p>
S > 0
锛岀粷鐑笉鍙�嗗帇缂╄繃绋嬬殑
鈭?/p>
S > 0
銆?/p>
鏋愶細鐢卞厠鍔充慨鏂笉绛夊紡锛屽湪缁濈儹杩囩▼锛屸柍
S
鈮?/p>
0
锛堜笉鍙�嗗ぇ浜?/p>
0
锛屽彲閫嗙瓑浜?/p>
0
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛変负浜嗚绠楃粷鐑笉鍙�嗚繃绋嬬殑鐔靛彉锛屽彲鍚﹀湪濮嬫湯鎬佷箣闂磋璁′竴鏉＄粷鐑彲閫嗛�斿緞鏉ヨ绠楋紵
璇风畝杩扮悊鐢便�?/p>
绛旓細涓嶅彲浠ャ�?/p>
鍥犱负锛氱敱鍏嬪姵淇柉涓嶇瓑寮忥紝鍦ㄧ粷鐑繃绋嬶紝鈻?/p>
S
鈮?/p>
0
锛堜笉鍙�嗗ぇ浜?/p>
0
锛屽彲閫嗙瓑浜?/p>
0
锛?/p>
锛涚敱鐩稿悓鐨?/p>
濮嬫�?/p>
1
鍑哄彂锛岀粷鐑彲閫嗏柍
S=0
锛屽嵆缁堟�?/p>
2
鐨勭喌涓庡鎬佺喌鐩稿悓锛?/p>
S
1
=S
2
锛涘浜庣粷鐑笉鍙�嗚繃绋嬶紝
鍏垛柍
S>0
锛涘嵆姝ゆ椂
S
2
鈥?/p>
>S
1
锛屽彲瑙佷袱涓粓鎬佷笉閲嶅悎锛屽洜姝や笉鍙互銆?/p>
3.4
鐔靛彉鐨勮绠?/p>
1.
绠�绛旈
锛?/p>
1
锛夊湪鎰忕粷鐑亽瀹圭鍐咃紝
鏈変竴缁濈儹鏉垮皢鍏跺垎鎴愪袱閮ㄥ垎锛?/p>
涓彮涓よ竟鍚勬湁
1molN2
锛屽叾鐘舵�佸垎鍒?/p>
涓猴紝
298K
銆?/p>
p
涓?/p>
298K
銆?/p>
10p
锛岃嫢浠ュ叏閮ㄦ皵浣撲綔涓轰綋绯伙紝鎶藉幓闅旀澘鍚庯紝鍒?/p>
Q
銆?/p>
W
銆佲柍
U
銆佲柍
H
銆?/p>
鈻?/p>
S
涓紝鍝簺涓?/p>
0?
绛旓細缁濈儹锛?/p>
Q=0
锛?/p>
鎭掑锛?/p>
W=0
锛?/p>
鈻?/p>
U=W+Q=0
锛?/p>