绗?/p>
9
璇?/p>
鍒楀畞涓庡崄鏈堥潻鍛?/p>
鐝骇锛?/p>
濮撳悕锛?/p>
绛夌骇锛?/p>
銆愬涔犵洰鏍囥�?/p>
1
锛庝簡瑙ｄ縿鍥藉崄鏈堥潻鍛藉彂鐢熺殑鍘熷洜銆佺粡杩囥�佺粨鏋溿�?/p>
2
锛庝簡瑙ｄ笘鐣屽巻鍙蹭笂绗竴涓ぞ浼氫富涔夊浗瀹剁殑璇炵敓鍙婇噸澶ф剰涔夈�?/p>
3
锛庡涔犲垪瀹佺殑闈╁懡棣栧垱绮剧锛屾噦寰楁棤浜ч樁绾ч潻鍛芥槸淇勫浗鍘嗗彶鍙戝睍鐨勯�夋嫨锛屽煿鍏诲鐢熷舰鎴愮瀛︾殑绀句細涓?/p>
涔夎銆?/p>
銆愬涔犻噸鐐广�?/p>
鍗佹湀闈╁懡鍙戠敓鐨勫師鍥犲強鍘嗗彶鎰忎箟銆?/p>
銆愬涔犻毦鐐广�戝崄鏈堥潻鍛藉彂鐢熺殑鍘熷洜锛屼簩鏈堥潻鍛藉拰鍗佹湀闈╁懡鐨勬�ц川
銆愯嚜涓婚涔犮�?/p>
1
銆佷簩鏈堥潻鍛?/p>
:
闃呰鏁欐潗绗竴鐩細绗?/p>
1
銆?/p>
2
銆?/p>
3
鑷劧娈碉紝瀹屾垚涓嬪垪琛ㄦ牸鍐呭
1
銆佸師鍥?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夋牴鏈師鍥狅細
1861
骞?/p>
鏀归潻鍚庯紝淇勫浗浠嶇劧寰堣惤鍚?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夌洿鎺ュ師鍥?/p>
:
鍦?/p>
涓紝淇勫浗鎺ヨ繛澶卞埄锛屽浗鍐呭悇绉嶇ぞ浼氱煕鐩炬縺鍖?/p>
2
銆佹椂闂?/p>
3
銆佺粨鏋?/p>
鎺ㄧ炕浜?/p>
涓撳埗缁熸不锛屽缓绔嬩簡璧勪骇闃剁骇涓存椂鏀垮簻
4
銆佹�ц川
姘戜富闈╁懡
5
銆?/p>
闈╁懡鍚庝复鏃舵斂搴滅殑
鏀跨瓥
锛?/p>
1
锛夋病鏈夋弧瓒充汉姘戝
銆佸湡鍦板拰闈㈠寘鐨勮姹?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊甯冪户缁饱琛屾矙鐨囨斂搴滅殑鈥滀箟鍔♀�?/p>
锛屽皢绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樿繘琛屽埌搴?/p>
2
銆佸崄鏈堥潻鍛斤細闃呰鏁欐潗绗簩鐩唴瀹癸紝瀹屾垚鍗佹湀闈╁懡鐨勭浉鍏冲彶瀹烇細
1
銆佽儗鏅?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
1917
骞?/p>
7
鏈堬紝涓存椂鏀垮簻涓嬩护鍓嶇嚎鐨勪縿鍐涘ぇ涓捐繘鏀伙紝缁撴灉鎯ㄨ触
锛?/p>
2
锛夐ゥ鑽掕鏉ワ紝淇勫浗缁忔祹婵掍簬鍏ㄩ潰宕╂簝
2
銆侀瀵间汉
3
鍦扮偣
褰煎緱鏍煎嫆
4
銆侀瀵奸樁绾у拰鏀垮厷
鏃犱骇闃剁骇銆?/p>
鍏?/p>
5
銆佽捣涔夋�绘寚鎸ラ儴
6
銆佹椂闂?/p>
骞?/p>
11
鏈?/p>
6-7
鏃?/p>
7
銆佺粨鏋?/p>
鏀诲崰
锛屾帹缈讳簡璧勪骇闃剁骇涓存椂鏀垮簻鐨勭粺娌?/p>
8
銆佺壒鐐?/p>
鏆村姩锛屾瑁呭ず鍙栨斂鏉?/p>
9
銆佹�ц川
绗竴娆¤幏寰楄儨鍒╃殑鏃犱骇闃剁骇闈╁懡锛堢ぞ浼氫富涔夐潻鍛斤級
10
銆佸巻鍙叉剰涔?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊崄鏈堥潻鍛芥槸浜虹被鍘嗗彶涓婄涓�娆¤幏寰楄儨鍒╃殑绀句細涓讳箟闈╁懡锛屽缓绔嬩簡绗竴涓?/p>
鍥藉锛堜汉绫诲巻鍙蹭粠姝よ繘鍏ヤ簡鈥滄柊绾厓鈥?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夋帹鍔ㄤ簡鍥介檯鏃犱骇闃剁骇闈╁懡杩愬姩锛岄紦鑸炰簡
浜烘皯鐨勮В鏀炬枟浜夈�?/p>
3
銆佽嫃缁村焹鏀挎潈鐨勫缓绔嬪拰宸╁浐锛氶槄璇绘暀鏉愮涓夌洰鍐呭锛屽畬鎴愪互涓嬪唴瀹?/p>
:
1
銆佸叏淇勫伐鍏典唬琛ㄨ嫃缁村焹绗簩娆?/p>
浠ｈ〃澶т細鍙紑
锛?/p>
1
锛夋椂闂达細
1917
骞?/p>
11
鏈?/p>
7
鏃?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
鍦扮偣锛氭柉鑾皵灏煎
锛?/p>
3
锛夊唴瀹癸細澶т細瀹ｅ竷鍏ㄩ儴鏀挎潈涓�寰嬭浆褰掑綋鍦扮殑
銆傞�氳繃浜?/p>
锛?/p>
寤鸿鍙傚姞涓�鎴樼殑鍚勪氦鎴樺浗绔嬪嵆鍜岃皥锛岀紨缁撲笉鍓插湴銆佷笉璧旀鐨勫拰绾?/p>
銆傚
甯冩垚绔嬭嫃缁村焹鏀垮簻锛?/p>
浠讳汉姘戝鍛樹細涓诲腑銆?/p>
2
銆佽嫃缁村焹鏀垮簻鐨勫珐鍥烘帾鏂?/p>
鏀挎不
锛?/p>
1
锛夊簾闄や簡鏃х殑鍥藉鏈哄櫒锛屽垱寤轰簡鏂扮殑鏀挎潈鏈哄叧
鍐涗簨
锛?/p>
2
锛夊簾闄や簡鏃х殑甯稿鍐涳紝缁勫缓浜?/p>
銆?/p>
缁忔祹
锛?/p>
3
锛夊皢澶у伐涓氥�侀搧璺拰閾惰鏀跺綊鍥芥湁锛屽缓绔?/p>
锛?/p>
4
锛夊簾闄ゅ湡鍦扮鏈夊埗锛屾病鏀跺湴涓汇�佺殗瀹ゅ拰瀵洪櫌鐨勫湡鍦帮紝鍒嗙粰鍐?
姘戣�曠銆?/p>
澶栦氦
锛?/p>
5
锛夊簾闄ゆ矙鐨囨斂搴滃拰涓存椂鏀垮簻涓庡鍥界璁㈢殑涓�鍒?/p>
锛?/p>
6
锛夐��鍑虹涓�娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴?/p>
3
銆佷笁骞村崼鍥芥垬浜?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊師鍥狅細鍗佹湀闈╁懡鑳滃埄鍚庯紝鍥藉唴澶栨晫瀵瑰娍鍔涚浉浜掑嬀缁擄紝浼佸浘灏嗘柊鐢?/p>
鐨?/p>
鎵兼潃鍦ㄦ憞绡腑
锛?/p>
2
锛夌粨鏋?/p>
:1920
骞达紝缁忚繃
3
骞磋壈鑻︽枟浜夛紝鑻忕淮鍩冩斂搴滅矇纰庝簡澶栧浗鐨勬
瑁呭共娑夊拰鍥藉唴鍙嶉潻鍛藉彌涔憋紝宸╁浐浜嗘柊鐢熸斂鏉?/p>