nit 1
Of
all
human
creations,
language
may
be
the
most
remarkable.
Through
language
we
share
experience,
formulate
values,
exchange
ideas,
transmit
knowledge,
and
sustain
culture.
Indeed,
language
is
vital
to
think itself. Contrary to popular belief, language does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our
sense of reality by giving meaning to events.
鍦ㄤ汉绫绘墍鏈夌殑鍒涢�犱腑锛岃瑷�涔熻鏄奖鍝嶆渶涓烘繁杩滅殑銆傛垜浠敤璇█鏉ュ垎浜粡楠岋紝琛ㄨ揪
(
浼犻�掞紵
)
浠峰�艰锛?/p>
浜ゆ崲鎯虫硶锛屼紶鎾煡璇嗭紝浼犳壙鏂囧寲銆備簨瀹炰笂锛屽璇█鏈韩鐨勬�濊�冧篃鏄嚦鍏抽噸瑕佺殑銆傚拰閫氬父鎵�璁や负鐨勪笉
鍚岀殑鏄紝璇█骞朵笉鍙槸绠�鍗曞湴鍙嶆槧鐜板疄锛岃瑷�鍦ㄥ叿浣撴弿杩颁簨浠剁殑鏃跺�欎篃鍦ㄥ府鍔╂垜浠缓绔嬪鐜板疄鐨勬劅
鐭ャ�?/p>
鈥斺�?/p>
璇簭鐨勮皟鏁淬�?/p>
G
ood speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker鈥檚 craft.
They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the
meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately.
濂界殑婕旇鑰呭璇█寰堥噸瑙嗭紝涔熺煡閬撳浣曡瀹冨彂鎸ユ洿濂界殑鏁堟灉銆傝瘝璇槸婕旇鑰呮紨璁茬殑閲嶈
鈥?/p>
姝﹀櫒
鈥?/p>
锛屽叿
鏈夌壒娈婄殑鐢ㄩ�旓紝杩欏拰浠讳綍鍏朵粬鐨勫伐浣滄妧鑹烘病浠�涔堜袱鏍枫�備綔涓烘紨璁茶�咃紝蹇呴』鐭ラ亾璇嶈鐨勫叿浣撳惈涔夛紝涔?/p>
瑕佹噦寰楀浣曞仛鍒扮敤璇嶅噯纭�佹竻鏅般�佺敓鍔ㄣ�侀�傚綋銆?/p>
Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a
word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you
prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, 鈥淲hat do I really want to say? What do I really
mean?鈥?nbsp;
Choose words that are precise and accurate.
婕旇鑰呭噯纭湴浣跨敤璇█鍜屼細璁″噯纭娇鐢ㄦ暟瀛楁槸涓�鏍烽噸瑕佺殑銆傜‘瀹氳瘝鎰忓悗鍐嶆帾璇嶃�傚鏋滀笉纭畾锛岃鍏?/p>
鏌ヨ瘝鍏搞�傚綋浣犲湪鍑嗗婕旇鐨勬椂鍊欙紝瑕佷笉鏂湴闂嚜宸憋細
鈥?/p>
鎴戝埌搴曡璇翠粈涔堬紵鎴戝埌搴曟兂琛ㄨ揪浠�涔堟剰鎬濓紵
鈥?/p>
鐢ㄨ瘝涓�瀹氳绮惧噯銆?/p>
Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using
familiar words
锛?/p>
that are known to the average person and require no specialized background
锛?/p>
; by choosing
concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter].
鐢ㄨ瘝娓呮櫚鍙互璁╁惉浼楄繀閫熺悊瑙ｄ綘鐨勬剰鎬濓紙鎶撳埌浣犵殑鐐癸級
銆傝鍋氬埌杩欎竴鐐癸紝灏辫灏介噺浣跨敤涓�鑸汉閮界啛鎮?/p>
鐨勪笉闇�瑕佷笓涓氱煡璇嗗氨鑳芥噦鐨勮瘝璇紱澶氱敤鍏疯薄璇嶆眹灏戠敤鎶借薄璇嶆眹锛涜繕鏈夎鍑忓皯鍙ｈ銆?/p>
Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through
imagery
锛?/p>
or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and
metaphor.
Simile
is
an
explicit
comparison
between
things
锛?/p>
that
are
essentially
different
yet
have
something in common
锛?/p>
; it always contains the words 鈥渓ike鈥漮r 鈥渁s鈥? Metaphor is an implicit comparison
between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words 鈥渓ike鈥?nbsp;or
鈥渁s鈥?
鐢熷姩鍦扮敤璇嶈兘璁╂紨璁查矞娲昏捣鏉ワ紒姣斿柣锛岃繖绉嶈兘浜х敓鏂囧瓧鍥惧儚鐨勪慨杈烇紝鍙互浣挎紨璁茶揪鍒扮敓鍔ㄧ殑鏁堟灉銆?/p>
姣斿柣瑕佺敤鍏疯薄鐨勮瑷�锛屽垎涓烘槑鍠诲拰闅愬柣銆?/p>
鏄庡柣鏄寚鍦ㄦ湰璐ㄤ笂鏈夊尯鍒絾浠嶇劧鏈夌浉鍚岀偣鐨勪簨鐗╀箣闂村仛涓�涓槑纭殑姣旇緝锛屼竴鑸彞涓細鍚湁
鈥?/p>
鍍?/p>
鈥?/p>
鎴?/p>
鈥?/p>
浼?/p>
鈥?/p>
銆傞殣鍠诲垯鏄竴绉嶉殣钘忕殑姣旇緝锛屼笉浼氬嚭鐜?/p>
like
鍜?/p>
as
杩欎簺杩炴帴璇嶃�?/p>
Another
way
to
make
your
speeches
vivid
is
by
exploiting
the
rhythm
of
language.
Four
devices
for
creating
rhythm
are
parallelism,
repetition,
alliteration,
and
antithesis.
Parallelism
is
the
similar
arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same
word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from
repeating
the
initial
constant
sounds
of
close
or
adjoining
words.
Antithesis
is
the
juxtaposition
of
U