姹熻タ鐪佽幉濉樹竴涓?/p>
2019
灞婇珮涓夌涓�娆＄粺鑰?/p>
鍖栧璇曞嵎
2019 9 29
鑰冭瘯鏃堕棿
100
鍒嗛挓
鑰冭瘯鎬诲垎
100
鍒?/p>
鍙兘浣跨敤鍒扮殑鐩稿鍘熷瓙璐ㄩ噺锛?/p>
H 1
C 12
N 14
O 16
Na 23
Mg 24
Al 27
S 32
Cl 35.5
K39
Ca
40
Ba 137
Fe 56
Cu 64
Zn 65
Ag 108
I 127
绗厾鍗?/p>
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰橈紙姣忓皬棰?/p>
16
鍒嗭紝鍏?/p>
48
鍒嗭紝姣忓皬棰樺彧鏈変竴涓�夐」绗﹀悎棰樻剰锛?/p>
1.
涓嬪垪鍚勭粍鐗╄川鐨勫垎绫婚兘姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸锛堟嫭鍙烽噷鐨勬槸绫诲埆锛?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A..
娑叉皑锛堟阿鍖栫墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
NH
4
Cl
锛堥摰鐩愶級
銆?/p>
HNO
3
锛堝惈姘ч吀锛?/p>
銆?/p>
NaOH
B
绌烘皵锛堟贩鍚堢墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
C
2
H
5
OH
锛堥唶锛?/p>
銆?/p>
H
2
SO
4
锛堢瀛愬寲鍚堢墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CO
2
锛堥潪鐢佃В璐級
C.HCl
锛堝叡浠峰寲鍚堢墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CH
3
COOH
锛堢晶閰革級
銆?/p>
Na
2
O
2
锛堢⒈鎬ф哀鍖栫墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CH
3
I
锛堝崵浠ｇ儍锛?/p>
D.NO
2
锛堥吀鎬ф哀鍖栫墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CH
3
CHO
锛堟湁鏈虹墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CO
锛堟湁鏈虹墿锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CH
3
COOCH
3
锛堥叝锛?/p>
2.
涓嬪垪娑蹭綋涓紝涓嶄細鍑虹幇涓佽揪灏旀晥搴旂殑鍒嗘暎绯绘槸
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
鈶犻浮铔嬬櫧婧舵恫
鈶℃按
鈶㈡穩绮夋憾娑?/p>
鈶ｇ～閰搁挔婧舵恫
鈶ゆ哺姘翠腑婊村叆楗卞拰
FeCl
3
婧舵恫
鈶ヨ偉鐨傛按
A.
鈶♀懀
B.
鈶?/p>
C.
鈶♀懀鈶?/p>
D.
鈶⑩懀
3.
鑳芥纭〃绀轰笅鍒楀弽搴旂殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忔槸
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A.
鍚戞姘吀閽欐憾娑查�氬叆杩?/p>
CO
2
锛?/p>
Ca
2+
+2ClO
-
+H
2
O+CO
2
= CaCO
3
鈫?/p>
+2HClO
B.
鍦ㄦ隘鍖栦簹閾佹憾娑蹭腑鍔犲叆绋�纭濋吀
:
3Fe
2+
+4H
+
+ NO
3
-
=3Fe
3+
+2H
2
O+NO
鈫?/p>
C.
姘㈡哀鍖栭挋婧舵恫涓庣⒊閰告阿闀佹憾娑插弽搴旓細
Ca
2+
+OH
-
+HCO
3
-
=CaCO
3
鈫?/p>
+H
2
O
D.
鍚戞姘吀閽欐憾娑查�氬叆
SO
2
锛?/p>
Ca
2+
+2ClO
-
+H
2
O+SO
2
=CaSO
3
鈫?/p>
+2HClO
4.
涓嬪垪鍚勭粍绂诲瓙锛岃兘鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑澶ч噺鍏卞瓨鐨勬槸锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A.
Na
+
銆?/p>
Mg
2+
銆?/p>
AlO
2
-
銆?/p>
Br
-
B.
H
+
銆?/p>
Fe
2+
銆?/p>
SO
4
2-
銆?/p>
NO
3
-
C.
Ca
2+
銆?/p>
Al
3+
銆?/p>
NO
3
-
銆?/p>
Cl
-
D.
K
+
銆?/p>
NH
4
+
銆?/p>
HCO
3
-
銆?/p>
AlO
2
-
5.
涓嬪垪绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忎功鍐欐纭殑鏄?/p>
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A.
鐭崇伆涔充笌
Na
2
CO
3
婧舵恫娣峰悎锛?/p>
Ca
2+
+ CO
3
2-
=CaCO
3
鈫?/p>
B. AgNO
3
婧舵恫涓姞鍏ヨ繃閲忔皑姘达細
Ag
+
+NH
3
路
H
2
O = AgOH
鈫?/p>
+ NH
4
+
C.
閰告�ф潯浠朵笅
KIO
3
婧舵恫涓?/p>
KI
婧舵恫鍙嶅簲鐢熸垚
I
2
锛?/p>
IO
3
-
+5I
-
+3H
2
O
=3I
2
+6OH
-
D. NH
4
HSO
3
婧舵恫涓庤冻閲忕殑
NaOH
婧舵恫娣峰悎鍔犵儹锛?/p>
NH
4
+
+HSO
3
-
+2OH
-
=NH
3
鈫?/p>
+ SO
3
2-
+2H
2
O
6.
鍦ㄦ憾娑蹭腑鍔犲叆瓒抽噺
Na
2
O
2
鍚庝粛鑳藉ぇ閲忓叡瀛樼殑绂诲瓙缁勬槸
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
A.
NH
4
+
銆?/p>
Ba
2+
銆?/p>
Cl
-
銆?/p>
NO
3
-
B.
Na
+
銆?/p>
Cl
-
銆?/p>
CO
3
2-
銆?/p>
SO
3
2-
C.
Ca
2+
銆?/p>
Mg
2+
銆?/p>
NO
3
-
銆?/p>
HCO
3
-
D . K
+
銆?/p>
AlO
2
-
銆?/p>
Cl
-
銆?/p>
SO
4
2-
7.
甯告俯涓嬶紝寰�
H
2
O
2
婧舵恫涓淮鍔犲皯閲?/p>
FeSO
4
婧舵恫锛屽彲鍙戠敓濡備笅涓や釜鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
2Fe
2+
+H
2
O
2
+2H
+
=2Fe
3+
+2H
2
O
2Fe
3+
+
H
2
O
2
=2Fe
2+
+O
2
鈫?/p>
+2H
+
涓嬪垪璇存硶姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
A. H
2
O
2
鐨勬哀鍖栨�ф瘮
Fe
3+
寮猴紝鍏惰繕鍘熸�ф瘮
Fe
2+
寮?/p>
B.
鍦?/p>
H
2
O
2
鍒嗚В杩囩▼涓紝婧舵恫鐨?/p>
pH
閫愭笎涓嬮檷
C.H
2
O
2
鐢熶骇杩囩▼瑕佷弗鏍奸伩鍏嶆贩鍏?/p>
Fe
2+
D.
鍦?/p>
H
2
O
2
鍒嗚В杩囩▼涓紝
Fe
2+
鍜?/p>
Fe
3+
鐨勬�婚噺鍙戠敓鍙樺寲
8.
鍦?/p>
NH
4
NO
3
-----HNO
3
+H
2
O+N
2
鈫戝弽搴斾腑
,
琚哀鍖栫殑姘師瀛愪笌琚繕鍘熺殑姘師瀛愭暟鐩瘮
(
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