2-1
鍚嶈瘝瑙ｉ噴锛?/p>
a
锛?/p>
寮椾鸡鍏嬪皵缂洪櫡涓庤倴鐗瑰熀缂洪櫡
锛涳紙
b
锛?/p>
鍒冨瀷浣嶉敊鍜岃灪鍨嬩綅閿?/p>
锛?/p>
c
锛?/p>
绫昏川鍚岃薄涓庡悓璐ㄥ鏅?/p>
瑙ｏ細锛?/p>
a
锛夊綋鏅朵綋鐑尟鍔ㄦ椂锛屼竴浜涜兘閲忚冻澶熷ぇ鐨勫師瀛愮寮�骞宠 浣嶇疆鑰屾尋鍒版櫠鏍肩偣鐨勯棿闅欎腑锛屽舰鎴愰棿闅欏師瀛愶紝鑰屽師鏉?/p>
浣嶇疆涓婂舰鎴愮┖浣嶏紝杩欑缂洪櫡绉颁负寮椾鸡鍏嬪皵缂洪櫡銆傚鏋滄甯告牸鐐逛笂鍘熷瓙锛岀儹璧蜂紡鍚庤幏寰楄兘閲忕寮�骞宠 浣嶇疆锛岃穬杩佸埌鏅?/p>
浣撶殑琛ㄩ潰锛屽湪鍘熸甯告牸鐐逛笂鐣欎笅绌轰綅锛岃繖绉嶇己闄风О涓鸿倴鐗瑰熀缂洪櫡銆傦紙
b
锛夋粦绉绘柟鍚戜笌浣嶉敊绾垮瀭鐩寸殑浣嶉敊绉颁负鍒冨瀷浣?/p>
閿欍�備綅閿欑嚎涓庢粦绉绘柟鍚戠浉浜掑钩琛岀殑浣嶉敊绉颁负铻哄瀷浣嶉敊銆傦紙
c
锛夌被璐ㄥ悓璞★細鐗╄川缁撴櫠鏃讹紝鍏舵櫠浣撶粨鏋勪腑閮ㄥ垎鍘熸湁鐨勭
瀛愭垨鍘熷瓙浣嶇疆琚�ц川鐩镐技鐨勫叾瀹冪瀛愭垨鍘熷瓙鎵�鍗犳湁锛屽叡鍚岀粍鎴愬潎鍖�鐨勩�佸憟鍗曚竴鐩哥殑鏅朵綋锛屼笉寮曡捣閿�у拰鏅朵綋缁撴瀯鍙?/p>
鍖栫殑鐜拌薄銆傚悓璐ㄥ鏅讹細鍚屼竴鍖栧缁勬垚鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀儹鍔涘鏉′欢涓嬪舰鎴愮粨鏋勪笉鍚岀殑鏅朵綋鐨勭幇璞°�?/p>
2-6
锛?/p>
1
锛夊湪
CaF
2
鏅朵綋涓紝寮椾粦鍏嬪皵缂洪櫡褰㈡垚鑳戒负
2.8eV
锛岃倴鐗瑰熀缂洪櫡鐨勭敓鎴愯兘涓?/p>
5.5eV
锛岃绠楀湪
25
鈩冨拰
1600
鈩冩椂鐑?/p>
缂洪櫡鐨勬祿搴︼紵锛?/p>
k
锛?/p>
1.38
脳
10
锛?/p>
23
J/K
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛夊鏋?/p>
CaF
2
鏅朵綋涓紝鍚湁鐧句竾鍒嗕箣涓�鐨?/p>
YF
3
鏉傝川锛屽垯鍦?/p>
1600
鈩冩椂锛?/p>
CaF
2
鏅朵綋涓椂鐑己闄峰崰浼樺娍杩樻槸鏉傝川缂洪櫡
鍗犱紭鍔匡紵璇存槑鍘熷洜銆?/p>
瑙ｏ細
锛?/p>
1
锛夊紬浠戝厠灏旂己闄峰舰鎴愯兘涓?/p>
2.8eV
锛屽皬浜庤倴鐗瑰熀缂洪櫡褰㈡垚鑳?/p>
5.5eV
锛屾墍浠?/p>
CaF
2
鏅朵綋涓富瑕佹槸寮椾粦鍏嬪皵缂洪櫡锛岃倴
鐗瑰熀缂洪櫡鍙拷鐣ヤ笉璁°�?/p>
-----------
1
鍒?/p>
褰?/p>
T
锛?/p>
25
鈩冿紳
298K
鏃讹紝鐑己闄锋祿搴︿负锛?/p>
24
23
19
298
10
06
.
2
)
298
10
38
.
1
2
10
602
.
1
8
.
2
exp(
)
2
exp(
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
kT
G
N
n
f
----
2
鍒?/p>
褰?/p>
T
锛?/p>
1600
鈩冿紳
1873K
鏃讹紝鐑己闄锋祿搴︿负锛?/p>
4
23
19
1873
10
7
.
1
)
1873
10
38
.
1
2
10
602
.
1
8
.
2
exp(
)
2
exp(
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
kT
G
N
n
f
-----
2
鍒?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
CaF
2
涓惈鐧句竾鍒嗕箣涓�锛?/p>
10
锛?
6
锛夌殑
YF
3
鏃剁殑鏉傝川缂洪櫡鍙嶅簲涓猴細
Ca
F
Ca
CaF
V
F
Y
YF
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
鈥?/p>
6
2
2
2
3
鐢辨鍙煡锛?/p>
[YF3]=2[
Ca
V
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
]
锛屾墍浠ュ綋鍔犲叆
10
锛?
6
YF3
鏃讹紝鏉傝川缂洪櫡鐨勬祿搴︿负锛?/p>
7
3
10
5
]
[
2
1
]
[
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
YF
V
Ca
鏉?/p>
--------------------
1
鍒?/p>
姝ゆ椂锛屽湪
1600
鈩冧笅鐨勭儹缂洪櫡璁＄畻涓猴細
Ca
i
Ca
V
Ca
Ca
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
鈥?/p>
鈥?/p>
x
x
锛?/p>
5
脳
10
锛?
7
鍒欙細
8
2
4
10
89
.
2
)
10
7
.
1
(
)
exp(
]
[
]
][
[
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
鈥?/p>
鈥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飦?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
kT
G
k
Ca
V
Ca
f
Ca
Ca
i
鍗筹細
8
7
10
89
.
2
1
)
10
5
(
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
x
x
锛?/p>
x
鈮?/p>
8.1
脳
10
锛?/p>
4
鐑己闄锋祿搴︼細
4
10
1
.
8
]
[
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
飩?/p>
x
V
Ca
鐑?/p>
------------------
1
鍒?/p>