鏁欐潗涔犻鍙傝�冪瓟妗?/p>
绗叚绔犵瀛愯仛鍚?/p>
鎬濊�冮锛?/p>
5.
鍒嗗埆鍙欒堪杩涜闃淬�侀槼绂诲瓙鑱氬悎鏃讹紝鎺у埗鑱氬悎鍙嶅簲杩愰�熺巼鍜岃仛鍚堢墿鍒嗗瓙閲忕殑涓昏鏂规硶銆?/p>
瑙ｏ細杩涜绂讳簬鑱氬悎鏃讹紟涓�锜硅嫢鏋滅敤鏀瑰彉鑱氬悎鍙嶅簲娓╁害鎴栨敼鍙樻憾鍓傛瀬鎬х殑鏂规硶鏉ユ帶鍒?/p>
鑱氬悎閫熷害锛?/p>
闃寸瀛愯仛鍚堜竴鑸负鏃犳鑱氬悎锛屾墍浠ラ�氳繃寮曞彂鍓傜殑鐢ㄩ噺鍙皟鑺傝仛鍚堢墿绾﹀垎浜嗛噺銆?/p>
鏈夋椂涔熼�氳繃鍔犲叆閾捐浆绉诲墏
(
渚嬪
R1
鑻?/p>
)
璋冧唬鑱氬悎鐗╃殑鍒嗗瓙閲忋�?/p>
闃崇瀛愭瀬鏄撳彂鐢熷彂鐢熼摼杞Щ鍙嶅簲銆傞摼杞Щ鍙嶅簲鏄奖鍝嶈仛鍚堢墿鍒嗗瓙閲忕殑涓昏鍥犵礌锛岃�岃仛
鍚堝弽搴旀俯搴﹀閾捐浆绉诲弽搴旂殑褰卞搷寰堝ぇ銆傛墍浠ヤ竴鑸�氳繃鎺у埗鑱氬悎鍙嶅簲娓╁害鏉ユ帶鍒惰仛鍚堢墿鐨勫垎
瀛愰噺銆傛湁鏃朵篃閫氳繃鍔犲叆閾捐浆绉诲墏鏉ユ帶鍒惰仛鍚堢墿鐨勫垎瀛愰噺銆?/p>
璁＄畻棰橈細
2
锛?/p>
灏?/p>
1.0脳
10
-3
mol
钀橀挔婧朵簬鍥涙阿鍛嬪杻涓紝鐒跺悗杩呴�熷姞鍏?/p>
2.0mol
鐨勮嫰涔欑儻锛?/p>
婧舵恫鐨勬�讳綋绉负
1L
銆?/p>
鍋囧鍗曚綋绔嬪嵆鍧囧寑娣峰悎锛?/p>
鍙戠幇
2000
绉掗挓鍐呭凡鏈変竴鍗婂崟浣撹仛
鍚堬紝璁＄畻鍦ㄨ仛鍚堜簡
2000
绉掑拰
4000
绉掓椂鐨勮仛鍚堝害銆?/p>
瑙ｏ細鏃犵粓姝㈢殑闃寸瀛愯仛鍚堥�熺巼涓?/p>
R
p
=k
p
[M
-
][M]
浠ヨ悩閽犱负寮曞彂鍓傛椂锛岀敱浜庤仛鍚堝紑濮嬪墠锛屽紩鍙戝墏灏变互瀹氶噺鍦扮瑙ｆ垚娲绘�т腑蹇?/p>
鈭?/p>
[M
-
]=[C]=1.0脳
10
-3
mol/L
灏?/p>
R
p
寮忔敼鍐欎负锛?/p>
d[M]/dt=k
p
[C][M]
绉垎寰?/p>
ln([M]
0
/[M])=k
p
[C]t
宸茬煡
t
1
=2000
绉掓椂锛?/p>
[M]
0/
[M]
1
=2
锛屼唬鍏ヤ笂闈㈢Н鍒嗗紡锛?/p>
ln2=k
p
脳
2000
鈭?/p>
k
p
[C]=ln2/2000
璁惧綋
t
2
=4000
绉掓椂锛屽墿浣欏崟浣撴祿搴︿负
[M]
2
ln([M]
0
/[M]
2
)=k
p
[C]t
2
=ln2/2000脳
4000=1.386
鈭?/p>
[M]
2
= [M]
0
/4
鍒欏弽搴旀帀鐨勫崟浣撴祿搴︿负
[M]
0
锛?/p>
[M]
0
/4=3[M]
0
/4
鏍规嵁闃寸瀛愯仛鍚堢殑鑱氬悎搴﹀叕寮?/p>
n
=n[M]/[C]
(
鍙岄槾绂诲瓙
n=2)
[C]
涓哄紩鍙戝墏
娴撳害
鈭佃仛鍚堝埌
2000
绉掓椂锛?/p>
鍗曚綋杞寲鐜囦负
50
锛咃紝
鍒欏弽搴旀帀鐨勫崟浣撴祿搴︿负
50
锛?/p>
[M]
0
鈭?
n脳
50%[M]
0
/[C]=2脳
50%脳
2.0/(1.0脳
10
-3
)=2000
宸叉眰寰楄仛鍚堝埌
4000
绉掓椂锛屽弽搴旀帀鐨勫崟浣撴祿搴︿负
3[M]
0
/4
鈭?
n脳
(3[M]
0
/4)/[C]=2脳
(3/4)脳
2.0/(1.0脳
10
-3
)=3000