绗?/p>
3
璇炬椂
婧舵恫涓瀛愭祿搴︾殑姣旇緝
[
鐩爣瑕佹眰
]
1.
鑳界啛缁冨垽鏂笌鐩愮被姘磋В鏈夊叧鐨勭瀛愭祿搴﹀ぇ灏忋�?/p>
2.
浼氬垽瀹氭憾娑蹭腑绂诲瓙鐨勫叡
瀛樸�?/p>
绂诲瓙娴撳害澶у皬鐨勬瘮杈冭寰?/p>
1
锛?/p>
澶氬厓寮遍吀婧舵恫
鏍规嵁澶氭鐢电鍒嗘瀽銆備緥濡傦細鍦?/p>
H
2
CO
3
鐨勬憾娑蹭腑锛?/p>
c
(H
锛?/p>
)>
c
(HCO
锛?/p>
3
)
鈮?/p>
c
(CO
2
锛?
3
)
銆?/p>
2
锛?/p>
澶氬厓寮遍吀鐨勬鐩愭憾娑?/p>
鏍规嵁寮遍吀鏍圭殑鍒嗘姘磋В鍒嗘瀽銆備緥濡傦細
Na
2
CO
3
婧舵恫涓紝
c
(Na
锛?/p>
)>
c
(CO
2
锛?/p>
3
)>
c
(OH
锛?
)>
c
(HCO
锛?
3
)
銆?/p>
3
锛?/p>
澶氬厓寮遍吀鐨勯吀寮忕洂婧舵恫
瑕佽�冭檻閰告牴绂诲瓙鐨勭數绂荤▼搴︿笌姘磋В绋嬪害鐨勭浉瀵瑰ぇ灏忋�傚
HCO
锛?
3
浠ユ按瑙ｄ负涓伙紝
NaHCO
3
婧?
娑蹭腑
c
(Na
锛?/p>
)>
c
(HCO
锛?/p>
3
)>
c
(OH
锛?/p>
)>
c
(H
锛?/p>
)
锛涜�?/p>
HSO
锛?/p>
3
浠ョ數绂讳负涓伙紝
NaHSO
3
婧舵恫涓?/p>
c
(Na
锛?
)>
c
(HSO
锛?/p>
3
)>
c
(H
锛?/p>
)>
c
(OH
锛?
)
銆?/p>
4
锛?/p>
涓嶅悓婧舵恫涓悓涓�绂诲瓙娴撳害鐨勬瘮杈?/p>
瑕佽�冭檻婧舵恫涓叾浠栫瀛愬鍏跺奖鍝嶇殑鍥犵礌銆備緥濡傦細鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︾殑涓嬪垪婧舵恫涓細
a.NH
4
Cl
b
锛?/p>
CH
3
COONH
4
c
锛?/p>
NH
4
HSO
4
锛?/p>
c
(NH
锛?
4
)
鐢卞ぇ鍒板皬鐨勯『搴忔槸
c>a>b
銆?/p>
5
锛?/p>
娣峰悎婧舵恫涓悇绂诲瓙娴撳害鐨勫ぇ灏忔瘮杈?/p>
鏍规嵁鐢电绋嬪害銆佹按瑙ｇ▼搴︾殑鐩稿澶у皬鍒嗘瀽銆?/p>
(1)
鍒嗗瓙鐨勭數绂诲ぇ浜庣浉搴旂瀛愮殑姘磋В
渚嬪锛?/p>
绛夌墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴︾殑
NH
4
Cl
涓?/p>
NH
3
路
H
2
O
娣峰悎婧舵恫锛?/p>
c
(NH
锛?/p>
4
)>
c
(Cl
锛?/p>
)>
c
(OH
锛?/p>
)>
c
(H
锛?
)
銆?/p>
(2)
鍒嗗瓙鐨勭數绂诲皬浜庣浉搴旂瀛愮殑姘磋В
渚嬪锛氬湪
0.1
mol路
L
锛?/p>
1
鐨?/p>
NaCN
鍜?/p>
0.1
mol路
L
锛?
1
鐨?/p>
HCN
婧舵恫鐨勬贩鍚堟恫涓紝鍚勭瀛愭祿搴︾殑
澶у皬椤哄簭涓?/p>
c
(Na
锛?/p>
)>
c
(CN
锛?/p>
)>
c
(OH
锛?/p>
)>
c
(H
锛?
)
銆?/p>
6
锛?/p>
鍒╃敤瀹堟亽瑙勫緥