- - 1 - -
瑙ｈ鈥滀笁澶у钩琛″父鏁扳�?/p>
鍖栧骞宠 甯告暟銆佺數绂诲钩琛″父鏁般�佹矇娣�婧惰В骞宠 甯告暟
灞炰簬閫変慨鍥涖�婂寲瀛﹀弽搴斿師鐞嗐�嬮儴鍒嗭紝鏄珮鑰冭�冭瘯澶х翰鏂板鍐?/p>
瀹广�備粠杩戝嚑骞寸殑楂樿�冧腑鍙戠幇锛屽寲瀛﹀钩琛″父鏁版棭宸叉垚涓轰簡楂樿�冨懡棰樼殑鐑偣鍐呭锛涚數绂诲钩琛″父鏁板拰娌夋穩婧惰В骞宠 甯告暟涔?/p>
娓愭湁鈥滃崌娓┾�濈殑琛ㄧ幇锛屽洜涓夊ぇ骞宠 甯告暟灏嗙户缁垚涓洪珮鑰冭�冩煡鐨勯噸鐐瑰強鐑偣銆備笅闈㈠皢鍒嗙被杩借釜閫忔瀽銆?/p>
涓�銆佽�冩煡鍖栧骞宠 甯告暟
渚?/p>
1
锛庯紙灞变笢鐞嗙患路
14
锛夐珮娓╀笅锛屾煇鍙嶅簲杈惧埌骞宠 锛屽钩琛″父鏁?/p>
)
H
(
)
CO
(
)
O
H
(
)
CO
(
2
2
2
c
c
c
c
K
飪?/p>
飪?/p>
飥?/p>
銆傛亽瀹规椂锛屾俯搴﹀崌楂橈紝
H
2
娴撳害
鍑忓皬銆備笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄紙
锛?/p>
A
锛庤鍙嶅簲鐨勭創鍙樹负姝ｅ�?/p>
B
锛庢亽娓╂亽瀹逛笅锛屽澶у帇寮猴紝
H
2
娴撳害涓�瀹氬噺灏?/p>
C
锛庡崌楂樻俯搴︼紝閫嗗弽搴旈�熺巼鍑忓皬
D
锛庤鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛︽柟绋嬪紡涓?/p>
CO
锛?/p>
H
2
O
CO
2
锛?/p>
H
2
绛旀锛?/p>
A
瑙ｆ瀽锛氱敱骞宠 甯告暟鐨勮〃杈惧紡鍙緱锛岃鍙嶅簲鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忓簲涓?/p>
CO
2
+H
2
CO+H
2
O
锛屾晠
D
閿欙紱鐢遍鎰忕煡锛屾俯搴﹀崌楂橈紝骞宠 鍚?/p>
姝ｅ弽搴旂Щ鍔紝璇存槑姝ｅ弽搴斾负鍚哥儹鍙嶅簲锛屾晠璇ュ弽搴旂殑鐒撳彉涓烘鍊硷紝
A
姝ｇ‘锛涙亽娓╂亽瀹逛笅锛屽澶у帇寮猴紝
H
2
娴撳害涓�瀹氬澶?/p>
鑰屼笉浼氬噺灏忥紝鏁?/p>
B
閿欙紱
C
椤癸紝鍗囬珮娓╁害锛屾閫嗗弽搴旈�熺巼閮戒細澧炲ぇ锛屾晠
C
閿欍�?/p>
渚?/p>
2
锛?/p>
锛堝畞澶忕悊缁悸?/p>
12
锛夊皢鍥轰綋
NH
4
I
缃簬瀵嗛棴瀹瑰櫒涓紝鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭俯搴︿笅鍙戠敓涓嬪垪鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
鈶?/p>
NH
4
I(s)
NH
3
(g)
锛?/p>
HI(g)
锛涒憽
2HI(g)
H
2
(g)
锛?/p>
I
2
(g)
杈惧埌骞宠 鏃讹紝
c
(H
2
)=0.5mol
路
L
-1
锛?/p>
c
(H
I
)=4mol
路
L
-1
锛屽垯姝ゆ俯搴︿笅鍙嶅簲鈶犵殑骞宠 甯告暟涓?/p>
A
锛?/p>
9
B
锛?/p>
16
C
锛?/p>
20
D
锛?/p>
25
绛旀锛?/p>
C
瑙ｆ瀽锛?/p>
鐢卞钩琛℃椂姘㈡皵鐨勬祿搴﹀彲姹傚緱鍙嶅簲鈶″垎瑙ｆ秷鑰?/p>
HI
鐨勬祿搴︼紝
c(HI)=
0.5mol
路
L
-1
脳
2=1mol/L
锛?/p>
鏁呪憼寮忕敓鎴?/p>
c(HI)=
c(HI)
骞宠
+
c(HI)
鍒嗚В
=
4mol
路
L
-1
+1mol/L
=5mol
路
L
-1
锛?/p>
c(NH
3
)
骞宠
=
c
(HI)
鈶?/p>
=
5mol
路
L
-1
锛屾牴鎹寲瀛﹀钩琛″父鏁板叕寮?/p>
K=
c(NH
3
)
骞宠
脳
c
(HI)
骞宠
=5 mol/L
脳
4mol
路
L
-1
锛屾晠绛旀閫?/p>
C
銆?/p>
渚?/p>
3
锛?/p>
锛堟睙鑻忓寲瀛β?/p>
14
锛?/p>
I
2
鍦?/p>
KI
婧舵恫涓瓨鍦ㄤ笅鍒楀钩琛★細
I
2
(aq)
锛?/p>
I
锛?
(aq)
I
3
锛?
(aq)
鏌?/p>
I
2
銆?/p>
銆?/p>
KI
娣峰悎婧舵恫涓紝
I
3
锛?
鐨勭墿璐ㄧ殑閲忔祿搴?/p>
c
(I
3
锛?
)
涓庢俯搴?/p>
T
鐨勫叧绯诲鍥炬墍绀猴紙鏇?/p>
绾夸笂浠讳綍涓�鐐归兘琛ㄧず骞宠 鐘舵�侊級銆備笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
A
锛?/p>
鍙嶅簲
I
2
(aq)
锛?/p>
I
锛?
(aq)
I
3
锛?
(aq)
鐨勨柍
H
>0
B
锛庤嫢娓╁害涓?/p>
T
1
銆?/p>
T
2
锛屽弽搴旂殑骞宠 甯告暟鍒嗗埆涓?/p>
K
1
銆?/p>
K
2
鍒?/p>
K
1
锛?/p>
K
2
C
锛庤嫢鍙嶅簲杩涜鍒扮姸鎬?/p>
D
鏃讹紝涓�瀹氭湁
v
姝?/p>
锛?/p>
v
閫?/p>
D
锛庣姸鎬?/p>
A
涓庣姸鎬?/p>
B
鐩告瘮锛岀姸鎬?/p>
A
鐨?/p>
c
(I
2
)
澶?/p>
鍌寲鍓?/p>
楂樻俯