鍖栧涓撻锛岀簿閫夎祫鏂?/p>
绗崄鍥涜
缁煎悎瀹為獙鎺㈢┒
[
鏈�鏂拌�冪翰
]
1
锛庢牴鎹寲瀛﹀疄楠岀殑鐩殑鍜岃姹傦紝鑳藉仛鍒帮細
鈶犺璁″疄楠屾柟妗堬紱鈶℃纭�夌敤瀹為獙瑁呯疆锛涒憿鎺屾彙鎺у埗瀹為獙鏉′欢鐨勬柟娉曪紱鈶ｉ娴嬫垨鎻忚堪瀹為獙鐜?/p>
璞°�佸垎鏋愭垨澶勭悊瀹為獙鏁版嵁锛屽緱鍑哄悎鐞嗙粨璁猴紱鈶よ瘎浠锋垨鏀硅繘瀹為獙鏂规銆?/p>
2
锛庝互涓婂悇閮ㄥ垎鐭ヨ瘑涓庢妧鑳界殑缁煎悎搴旂敤銆?/p>
璇勪环鍨嬪疄楠岄
[
瀛︾敓鐢ㄤ功
P85]
1
锛?/p>
(2015
路楂樿�冩睙鑻忓嵎鏀圭紪
)
涓嬪垪璁捐鐨勫疄楠屾柟妗堣兘杈惧埌瀹為獙鐩殑鐨勬槸
(
)
A
锛庡埗澶?/p>
Al(OH)
3
鎮祳娑诧細鍚?/p>
1 mol路L
锛?/p>
1
AlCl
3
婧舵恫涓姞杩囬噺鐨?/p>
6 mol路L
锛?/p>
1
NaOH
婧舵恫
B
锛庢彁绾惈鏈夊皯閲忎箼閰哥殑涔欓吀涔欓叝锛氬悜鍚湁灏戦噺涔欓吀鐨勪箼閰镐箼閰腑鍔犲叆閫傞噺楗卞拰
NaOH
婧舵恫锛?/p>
鎸崱鍚庨潤缃垎娑诧紝骞堕櫎鍘绘湁鏈虹浉鐨勬按
C
锛庢楠屾憾娑蹭腑鏄惁鍚湁
Fe
2
锛?
锛氬彇灏戦噺寰呮楠屾憾娑诧紝鍚戝叾涓姞鍏ュ皯閲忔柊鍒舵隘姘达紝鍐嶆淮鍔?/p>
KSCN
婧舵恫锛岃瀵熷疄楠岀幇璞?/p>
D
锛庢帰绌跺偓鍖栧墏瀵?/p>
H
2
O
2
鍒嗚В閫熺巼鐨勫奖鍝嶏細鍦ㄧ浉鍚屾潯浠朵笅锛?/p>
鍚戜竴鏀瘯绠′腑鍔犲叆
2 mL 5% H
2
O
2
鍜?/p>
1 mL H
2
O
锛屽悜鍙︿竴鏀瘯绠′腑鍔犲叆
2 mL 5% H
2
O
2
鍜?/p>
1 mL FeCl
3
婧舵恫锛岃瀵熷苟姣旇緝瀹為獙鐜拌薄
瑙ｆ瀽锛氶�?/p>
D
銆?/p>
A
閫夐」锛屽鏋滃姞鍏ヨ繃閲忕殑姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫锛屾阿姘у寲閽犱細涓庢阿姘у寲閾濆弽搴旂敓鎴愬亸閾?/p>
閰搁挔锛屾墍浠ラ敊璇紱
B
閫夐」锛屼箼閰稿拰涔欓吀涔欓叝鍧囧彲涓?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫鍙嶅簲锛屽簲鍚戝惈鏈夊皯閲忎箼閰哥殑涔欓吀涔欓叝
涓姞鍏ラ�傞噺楗卞拰
Na
2
CO
3
婧舵恫锛屾墍浠ラ敊璇紱
C
閫夐」锛屽簲鍏堟淮鍔?/p>
KSCN
婧舵恫锛屽啀鍔犲叆姘按锛屽惁鍒欎細鍥犲師
婧舵恫涓湁涓変环閾佺瀛愯�岃捣骞叉壈浣滅敤锛屾墍浠ラ敊璇紱
D
閫夐」锛屼袱鏀瘯绠′腑鍙屾哀姘寸殑娴撳害鐩稿悓锛屽彧鏈夋槸
鍚﹀惈鏈夋隘鍖栭搧鐨勫尯鍒紝淇濊瘉浜嗗彧鏈変竴涓疄楠屽彉閲忥紝鎵�浠ユ纭�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
(2015
路楂樿�冨畨寰藉嵎
)
鏌愬悓瀛﹀皢鍏変寒鐨勯晛鏉℃斁鍏ョ洓鏈?/p>
NH
4
Cl
婧舵恫鐨勮瘯绠′腑锛?/p>
鏈夊ぇ閲忔皵娉′骇鐢熴�?/p>
涓烘帰绌惰鍙嶅簲鍘熺悊锛岃鍚屽鍋氫簡浠ヤ笅瀹為獙骞惰瀵熷埌鐩稿叧鐜拌薄锛岀敱姝ゅ緱鍑虹殑缁撹涓嶅悎鐞嗙殑鏄?/p>
(
)
閫夐」
瀹為獙鍙婄幇璞?/p>
缁撹
A
灏嗘箍娑︾殑绾㈣壊鐭宠晩璇曠焊鏀惧湪璇曠鍙ｏ紝璇曠焊鍙樿摑
鍙嶅簲涓湁
NH
3
浜х敓
B
鏀堕泦浜х敓鐨勬皵浣撳苟鐐圭噧锛岀伀鐒板憟娣¤摑鑹?/p>
鍙嶅簲涓湁
H
2
浜х敓
缁?/p>
琛?/p>
閫夐」
瀹為獙鍙婄幇璞?/p>
缁撹
C
鏀堕泦姘斾綋鐨勫悓鏃舵祴寰楁憾娑茬殑
pH
涓?/p>
8.6
寮辩⒈鎬ф憾娑蹭腑
Mg
涔熷彲琚哀鍖?/p>
D
灏嗗厜浜殑闀佹潯鏀惧叆
pH
涓?/p>
8.6
鐨?/p>
NaHCO
3
婧舵恫涓紝
鏈?
姘旀场浜х敓
寮辩⒈鎬ф憾娑蹭腑
OH
锛?
姘у寲浜?/p>
Mg
瑙ｆ瀽锛氶�?/p>
D
銆?/p>
A.
鑳戒娇婀挎鼎鐨勭孩鑹茬煶钑婅瘯绾稿彉钃濈殑姘斾綋鍙湁
NH
3
銆?/p>
B.
鐢变簬
NH
4
Cl
婧舵恫姘磋В鍚庢樉閰?/p>
鎬э紝鏁呬骇鐢熺殑姘斾綋涓惈鏈?/p>
H
2
銆?/p>
C.pH
锛?/p>
8.6
鐨勬憾娑叉樉纰辨�э紝鏁呭急纰辨�ф憾娑蹭腑
Mg
鍙姘у寲銆?/p>
D.
婧舵恫涓?
鏈夋皵娉′骇鐢燂紝鐢熸垚鐨勬皵浣撴槸
H
2
锛屾槸
H
锛?/p>
灏?/p>
Mg
姘у寲锛岃�屼笉鏄?/p>
OH
锛?
灏?/p>
Mg
姘у寲銆?/p>
3
锛?2016路楂樿�冨叏鍥藉嵎鈪紝
26
锛?/p>
14
鍒?/p>
)
杩囨哀鍖栭挋寰憾浜庢按锛屾憾浜庨吀锛屽彲鐢ㄤ綔鍒嗘瀽璇曞墏銆佸尰鐢?/p>
闃茶厫鍓傘�佹秷姣掑墏銆備互涓嬫槸涓�绉嶅埗澶囪繃姘у寲閽欑殑瀹為獙鏂规硶銆傚洖绛斾笅鍒楅棶棰橈細
(
涓�
)
纰抽吀閽欑殑鍒跺