鏈�鏂版秷鎭?/p>
1-2
the benefits of civilization which we enjoy today are essentially
due to the improved quality of products available to us .
鏂囨槑鐨勫ソ澶勬垜浠韩鍙椾粖澶╂湰璐ㄤ笂鏄敱浜庢敼杩涜川閲忕殑浜у搧
鎻愪緵缁欐垜浠�?/p>
the
improvement
in
the
quality
of
goods
can
be
achieved
with
proper
design
that
takes
into
consideration the functional requirement as well as its manufacturing aspects.
鎻愰珮鍟嗗搧鐨勮川閲忓彲浠ヨ揪鍒颁笌閫傚綋
鐨勮璁?/p>
,
鑰冭檻浜嗗姛鑳借姹備互鍙婂叾鍒堕�犳柟闈€�?/p>
The design process that would take proper care of the manufacturing
process as well would be the ideal one. This would ensure a better product being made available at an economical
cost.
璁捐杩囩▼涓?/p>
,
灏嗛噰鍙栭�傚綋鐨勭収椤剧殑鐢熶骇杩囩▼灏嗘槸鐞嗘兂鐨勪竴涓�傝繖灏嗙‘淇濇洿濂界殑浜у搧琚娇鍙緱鍒颁竴涓粡娴庢垚
鏈�?/p>
Manufacturing is involved in turning raw materials to finished products to be used for some purpose.
鍒?
閫犱笟鏄弬涓庡皢鍘熸潗鏂欏埌鎴愬搧鐢ㄤ簬鏌愪簺鐩殑銆?/p>
In the present age there have been increasing demands on the product
performance
by
way
of
desirable
exotic
properties
such
as
resistance
to
high
temperatures,
higher
speeds
and
extra
loads.
鍦ㄧ幇鍦ㄧ殑鏃朵唬宸茬粡鏈夎秺鏉ヨ秺澶氱殑浜у搧鎬ц兘瑕佹眰鐨勭悊鎯崇殑寮傚浗鎯呰皟鐨勬�ц兘濡傝�愰珮娓?/p>
,
鏇撮珮鐨勯�熷害鍜岄
澶栫殑璐熻浇
These in turn would require a variety of new materials and its associated processing.
杩欎簺鍙嶈繃鏉ラ渶瑕佸悇
绉嶆柊鏉愭枡鍙婂叾鐩稿叧鐨勫鐞?/p>
Also,
exacting working conditions that are desired in the modern industrial operations
make large demands on the manufacturing industry.
杩欎簺鍙嶈繃鏉ラ渶瑕佸悇绉嶆柊鏉愭枡鍙婂叾鐩稿叧鐨勫鐞嗐�傚悓鏃?/p>
,
涓ユ牸鐨?/p>
宸ヤ綔鐜
,
闇�瑕佸湪鐜颁唬宸ヤ笟鎿嶄綔浣垮ぇ鍨嬪埗閫犱笟鐨勯渶姹?/p>
.
Further, the economics of the manufacturing operation is a very important consideration.
姝ゅ
,
缁忔祹瀛?
鐨勭敓浜ф搷浣滄槸涓�涓潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑鑰冭檻鍥犵礌銆?/p>
To
be
viable
in
the
modern
environment,
a
product
has
to
be
competitively priced besides having the functional and aesthetic appeal.
鏄彲琛岀殑鍦ㄧ幇浠ｇ幆澧冧腑
,
涓�涓骇鍝佸繀椤诲叿
鏈変环鏍肩珵浜夊姏闄や簡鍏锋湁鍔熻兘鎬у拰瀹＄編鎯呰叮銆?/p>
Therefore, it is necessary for the engineer to give a proper thought to
various aspects of manufacturing.
鍥犳
,
瀹冩槸蹇呰鐨勮宸ョ▼甯堢粰閫傚綋鐨勮涓哄埗閫犱笟鐨勫悇涓柟闈€�?/p>
Manufacturing
processes
is
a
very
fundamental
subject
since
it
is
of
interest
not
only
to
mechanical
engineers but also to those from practically every discipline of engineering.
鍒堕�犺繃绋嬫槸涓�涓潪甯稿熀鏈殑涓婚
,
鍥?/p>
涓哄畠鏄湁瓒ｇ殑
,
涓嶄粎鏈烘宸ョ▼甯堜絾鍚屾牱浠庡嚑涔庢瘡涓绉戠殑宸ョ▼銆?/p>
It is so because engineering as a whole is meant
for providing various materials for human consumption.
瀹冩槸濡傛鍥犱负宸ョ▼浣滀负涓�涓暣浣撴槸鐢ㄦ潵鎻愪緵鍚勭鏉愭枡渚?/p>
浜虹被椋熺敤
For
various
products
such
as
plant
machinery
required
for
chemical,
civil,
electrical,
electronic,
textile,
etc., the manufacturing process forms a vital ingredient.
瀵逛簬涓嶅悓鐨勪骇鍝?/p>
,
濡傛鐗╂満姊版墍闇�鐨勫寲宸ャ�佸湡鏈ㄣ�佺數姘斻�?/p>
鐢靛瓙銆佺汉缁囩瓑
,
鐢熶骇杩囩▼褰㈡垚涓�涓嚦鍏抽噸瑕佺殑鍥犵礌
.
A detailed understanding of the manufacturing processes is thus essential for every engineer.
璇︾粏浜嗚В
鐢熶骇娴佺▼鏄繀涓嶅彲灏戠殑姣忎釜宸ョ▼甯堣繖鏍枫�?/p>
This
helps
him
appreciate
the
capabilities,
advantages
and
also
the
limitations
of the various manufacturing processes.
杩欐湁鍔╀簬浠栨璧忚兘鍔涖�佷紭鍔垮拰灞�闄愭�?/p>
,
鍚勭敓浜у伐搴忋�?/p>
This in
turn helps in the proper design of any product required for him.
杩欏弽杩囨潵鏈夊姪浜庢纭殑璁捐鐨勪换浣曚骇鍝侀渶瑕佷粬銆?/p>
Firstly, he would be able to assess the feasibility of manufacturing from his designs.
棣栧厛
,
浠栧皢鑳藉璇勪及鍒堕�犵殑鍙?/p>
琛屾�т粠浠栫殑璁捐銆?/p>
He may also find out that there more than one process available for manufacturing a particular
product and so he can make a proper choice of the process which would require the lowest manufacturing cost and
would deliver the product of desired quality.
浠栧彲鑳戒篃鍙戠幇鏈夎秴杩囦竴绉嶈繃绋嬬敤浜庣敓浜х壒瀹氱殑浜у搧
,
鎵�浠ヤ粬鍙互浣?/p>
涓�涓�傚綋鐨勯�夋嫨杩囩▼
,
闇�瑕佹渶浣庣殑鍒堕�犳垚鏈拰浜や粯浜у搧鐨勬湡鏈涜川閲忋�?/p>
He may also modify his design slightly to suit
the particular manufacturing process he chooses.
涔熷彲浠ヤ慨鏀硅嚜宸辩殑璁捐绋嶅井閫傚簲鐗瑰畾鐨勫埗閫犺繃绋嬩粬閫夋嫨
.
Manufacturing
is
defined
by
the
Merriam
Webster
online
dictionary
as
to
make
into
a
product
suitable to use.
鍒堕�犱笟鏄閲屽巹濮?/p>
-
闊︿集鏂壒璇嶅吀瀹氫箟鐨勫湪绾胯瘝鍏镐娇鎴愪竴涓骇鍝侀�傚悎浣跨敤銆?/p>
Manufacturing
remained as a craft till the first industrial revolution towards the end of the 18
th
century with
low volumes and single-piece productions.
鍒堕�犱笟浠嶇劧浣滀负涓�涓伐鑹虹洿鍒扮涓�娆″伐涓氶潻鍛藉
18
涓栫邯鏈殑浣?/p>
閲忓拰鍗曚欢鐢熶骇銆?/p>
It
required
highly
skilled
craftsmen
to
individually
produce
the
pieces
and
fit
them
when
the
assembly
was
required.
瀹冮渶瑕侀珮搴︾啛缁冪殑宸ュ尃鏉ュ崟鐙敓浜т欢鍜岄�傚悎浠栦滑鐨勯渶瑕佹椂缁勮銆傘�?/p>
This
was
a slow and expensive process , but in the absence of any machines, that was the only thing that was
possible.
杩欐槸涓�涓紦鎱㈣�屾槀璐电殑杩囩▼
,
浣嗗湪缂轰箯浠讳綍鏈哄櫒
,
杩欐槸鍞竴鍙兘鐨勩�?/p>
The
availability
of
the
steam
engine and coal-fire furnaces made the invention of a number of steam-power driven machinery to
greatly increase the manufacturing capacity.
钂告苯寮曟搸鐨勫彲鐢ㄦ�у拰鐓ょ伀鐔旂倝浣垮彂鏄庝竴绉嶆暟閲忕殑鍏ㄥ眬椹卞姩
鏈烘鍒堕�犺兘鍔涘ぇ澶у鍔犮�?/p>
A large number of inventions related to machine tools took place during this